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Sigma-class design

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J1AFE1A 9113 corvette, KRI Floptropica (365)
Class overview
Builders
Operators
Subclasses
  • 9113 (Indonesian corvette variant)
  • 9813 (Moroccan heavy corvette variant)
  • 10513 (Moroccan light frigate variant)
  • 10514 PKR (Indonesian frigate variant)
  • 10514 POLA (Mexican Long Range OPV Variant)
Built2005–present
In commission2007–present
Planned18
Completed10
Active10
Laid up0
General characteristics (Corvette 9113)
TypeMulti-purpose corvette / frigate
Displacement1,692 tons
Length90.71 m (297 ft 7 in)
Beam13.02 m (42 ft 9 in)
Draft3.60 m (11 ft 10 in)
Propulsion
  • 2 × SEMT Pielstick 20PA6B STC rated at 8910 kW each driving a lightweight Geislinger coupling combination BE 72/20/125N + BF 110/50/2H (steel – composite coupling combination)
  • 4 × Caterpillar 3406C TA generator rated at 350 kW each
  • 1 × Caterpillar 3304B emergency generator rated at 105 kW
  • 2 × shaft with Rolls-Royce Kamewa 5 bladed CP propeller
  • 2 × Renk ASL94 single step reduction gear[1] with passive roll stabilization
Speed
  • Maximum: 28 knots (52 km/h; 32 mph)
  • Cruising: 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph)
  • Economy: 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph)
Range
  • Cruising speed at 18 kn (33 km/h; 21 mph): 3,600 nmi (6,700 km; 4,100 mi)
  • Economy speed at 14 kn (26 km/h; 16 mph): 4,800 nmi (8,900 km; 5,500 mi)
Complement20, up to 80
Sensors and
processing systems
  • Combat System: Thales Group Tacticos[2] with 4 × Multifunction Operator Console Mk 3 2H
  • Search radar: MW08 3D multibeam surveillance radar
  • IFF: Thales TSB 2525 Mk XA (integrated with MW08)
  • Navigation radar: Sperry Marine BridgeMasterE ARPA radar
  • Fire control radar: Lirod Mk 2 tracking radar
  • Data Link: LINK Y Mk 2 datalink system
  • Sonar: Thales UMS 4132 Kingklip medium frequency active/passive ASW hull mounted sonar
  • Internal Communications: Thales Communication's Fibre Optical COmmunications Network (Focon) or EID's ICCS where on-board users have access to internal and/or external communication channels and integrated remote control of communications equipment
  • Satellite Comms: Nera F series
  • Navigation System: Raytheon Anschutz integrated navigation
  • Integrated Platform Management System: Imtech UniMACs 3000 Integrated Bridge System[3]
Electronic warfare
& decoys
  • ESM: Thales VIGILE 100
  • ECM: Racal Scorpion 2L
  • Decoy: Terma SKWS, DLT-12T 130mm decoy launchers, port, starboard
Armament
Aviation facilitiesLanding pad, optional hangar

The SIGMA class is a Dutch-built family of modular naval vessels, of either corvette or frigate size, designed by Damen Group.

SIGMA stands for Ship Integrated Geometrical Modularity Approach. The basic design of the SIGMA Patrol Series can vary as the hull segments are designed as components. Ships can vary in the number of hull segments and in the order in which they are placed. The ship's dimensions of length and beam lead to the individual SIGMA type names: the SIGMA 9113 is 91 m (298 ft 7 in) long with a beam of 13 m (42 ft 8 in), the SIGMA 10513 is 105 m (344 ft 6 in) in length again with a beam of 13 m (42 ft 8 in)

The design was derived from the earlier High Speed Displacement hull form by Marin Teknikk AS in the 1970s.

Versions

[edit]

There are three types of Sigma combatants

  • Sigma frigate
  • Sigma corvette
  • Sigma fast attack corvette

Simplified comparisons between the different Sigma models.

Comparisons between the different SIGMA models
Compact SIGMA 7310 [4] SIGMA 9113[5] SIGMA 9813[6] SIGMA 9814[7][8] SIGMA 10513[9] SIGMA PKR 10514[10][11] SIGMA 10514 POLA SIGMA PES 10714CO[12][13]
User –  Indonesian Navy  Royal Moroccan Navy Vietnam
Vietnam People's Navy		  Royal Moroccan Navy  Indonesian Navy  Mexican Navy  Colombian National Navy
Type Fast attack corvette Corvette Frigate Frigate Frigate Frigate Frigate (Long Range Patrol Vessel) Frigate
Length 74.2 meters 90.01 meters 97.91 meters 99.91 meters 105.11 meters 105.11 meters 107.5 meters 107.5 meters
Beam 10.00 meters 13.02 meters 13.02 meters 14.02 meters 13.02 meters 14.02 meters 14.02 meters 14.02 meters
Draft 3.10 meters 3.60 meters 3.75 meters 3.75 meters 3.75 meters 3.75 meters 3.75 meters 3.93 meters
Displacement 900 tons 1,692 tons 2,075 tons 2,150 tons 2,335 tons 2,946 tons 2,575 tons 2,808 tons
Main machinery 4x 3.900  kW 2 x 8.910 kW 2 x 8.910 kW tbd 2 x 8.910 kW 2 x 10.000 kW 2 x 13.410 kW 2 x 10.000 kW
Speed (cruising) 18 knots 18 knots 18 knots tbd 18 knots 18 knots 18 knots 14 knots
Speed (maximum) 34 knots 28 knots 28 knots tbd 28 knots 28 knots 28 knots 26 knots
Endurance 2,000  nmi 3,600 nmi 4,000 nmi tbd 4,000 nmi 5,000 nmi 5,000 nmi+ 8,200 nmi
Primary sensors Thales NS-100 Thales MW08

(Thales NS50)

Thales SMART-S MK2 Thales SMART-S MK2 Thales SMART-S MK2 Thales SMART-S MK2 Thales SMART-S MK2 SAAB SEA GIRAFFE 4A
Complement 50 80 91 103 110 122 122 125
Helicopter
capabilities 		none deck only deck and hangar
(9 ton)		 deck and hangar deck and hangar
(9 ton)		 deck and hangar
(10 ton)		 deck and hangar
(10 ton)		 deck and hangar
(10 ton)
Status Design concept Operational Operational Cancelled[14] Operational Operational Operational Under development

There are multiple new SIGMA designs released in early 2015 these are the:

  • SIGMA 8313
  • SIGMA 8011
  • SIGMA 7613
  • SIGMA 6610

They are likely to be part of the Compact SIGMA series, a new series small sized combatants with shorter range and up to 2 weeks mission endurance with the same combat systems as the larger version.[15]

Users

[edit]

Under construction

[edit]
  • Mexico has ordered 8 SIGMA 10514 LROPV[17] based upon the Indonesian variant with different weapon systems and different role. The Mexican navy will use its SIGMA frigate as a long range patrol vessel. The keel was laid on 17 August 2017, and was launched on 23 November 2018 and service to begin in 2020. The ship will be built in six modules, with two of these modules built by Damen Schelde Naval Shipbuilding in Vlissingen in the Netherlands, and the remaining four by the Mexican Navy shipyard in Salina Cruz under the supervision of Damen Schelde Naval Shipbuilding. The SIGMA will replace the four Allende class (ex-USN Knox class), and two Bravo class (ex-USN Bronstein class) of frigates.[citation needed]

Under development

[edit]
  • In September 2022, the Colombian Ministry of Defense announced that COTECMAR and Damen will co-develop five new frigates for the Colombian Navy based on the Sigma-class design.[18] The Colombian Navy awarded a contract to COTECMAR to build the service's first frigate under the Strategic Surface Platform (Plataforma Estratégica de Superficie or PES) project on 22 November 2022. The ship's design was finalized in 2023 between Cotecmar & Damen Naval, construction can begin by 2025.[19] In April 2024, the program were reported to have been facing problems and is expected to miss its planned construction date.[20][21]

Potential operators

[edit]
  • Greece - Damen Schelde submitted a proposal to the Hellenic Navy for SIGMA 10514HN Corvetes based on the SIGMA 10514.[22] This proposal along with Naval Group's proposal for Gowind 2500 are the candidates for the future Hellenic Navy's corvettes to replace the older Elli-class frigates
  • Malaysia - Although SIGMA-class design not be chosen as Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) program, Damen with Malaysian shipyard, Gading Marine has offered their improved SIGMA 9113 LMS design for RMN Littoral Mission Ship (LMS) second batch during Defence Services Asia 2022 (DSA 2022).[23]
  • Peru - The Peruvian Navy plans to acquire between three and six ships, with a displacement of 3,000 to 4,000 tons. During the 6th International Exhibition of Technology in Defense and Prevention of Natural Disasters (Sitdef 2017) Damen Group offered the SIGMA-class design to the Peruvian Navy. It believes that the variety of models of frigates offered by the SIGMA series allows to fit without difficulty to the requirements of the Peruvian Navy.[24]
  • Poland - Damen Schelde submitted its SIGMA PL 10514 in two variants for the competition to supply the Polish Navy with options for their Miecznik & Czapla programmes.[25] Miecznik will be a coastal defense ship and Czapla a patrol ship.

Failed bids

[edit]
  • Brazil - Damen and Saab AB joined in a consortium called "Damen-Saab Tamandaré" with a bid to supply the Brazilian Navy with four new Tamandaré-class frigates. On 28 March 2019, Damen lost the competition to a consortium led by TKMS and Embraer with a project derived of the MEKO A-100-class corvettes.[26][27]
  • Egypt - Damen Schelde was in competition for four SIGMA corvettes (+ two options) for the Egyptian Navy. The French Gowind-class corvette won this bid. The other competitor was the TKMS MEKO A200.[28]
  • Malaysia - Damen Schelde participated in the competition to supply the Royal Malaysian Navy with six frigates under the Second Generation Patrol Vessel program. It was chosen as the winner but unfortunately, Malaysia's Defence Minister had changed the result to the French Gowind class due to interference from Boustead Naval Shipyard.[29] The other competitor was the MEKO A200.
  • Oman - Oman had an interest in buying four SIGMA corvettes/frigates in March 2011. The Dutch queen Beatrix planned a state visit to Oman, one of the reasons for the visit being the potential sale of the ships to the Royal Navy of Oman. The official visit was cancelled due to the unrest in Oman at the time, although the queen did go to an unofficial dinner with the Sultan of Oman. The official visit took place later in January 2012. During the first visit to Oman, the Royal Netherlands Navy sent its air defence warfare frigate HNLMS De Ruyter to Muscat. In April 2012 it was announced that they lost to the Singaporean Al-Ofouq-class patrol vessel by ST Engineering. Damen had offered the SIGMA 7513.
  • Philippines - Damen Schelde bought bidding documents but did not submit an offer.[citation needed]
  • Romania - Romania is planning to purchase four corvettes in the upcoming seven years, which have to be built and equipped in a Romanian building yard.[30][31] Previously, in December 2016, the Romanian government decided that Damen Group would build four SIGMA light frigates for 1.6 billion euro at the Damen Galați Shipyard.[32] However, the new Romanian government is repealing this decision and will re-open the procurement again.[33] Nonetheless, Damen Group is a top contender for the job, since it has the only shipyard in Romania that has recent experience with building new naval ships reasonably fast and at a competitive price.[34] In July 2019, the Romanian authorities announced the selection of Naval Group and its partner Santierul Naval Constanta (SNC) for the programme to build four new Gowind multi-mission corvettes.
  • United Arab Emirates - Damen had submitted an offer (likely the SIGMA 9813 or SIGMA 9814) for the Abu Dhabi-class corvettes. It lost to a corvette based on the Italian Comandanti class.
  • Vietnam - Vietnam in 2011 shows interest in buying four SIGMA corvette with two of them to be built by DSNS in Vietnam.[35] The design were revealed to be SIGMA 9814 during Vietship 2014 Nava Exhibition in Vietnam.[8] As of 2016 the program seems to be cancelled.[14]

Indonesian Navy variants

[edit]
Indonesian Navy SIGMA 9113 corvette, KRI Sultan Hasanuddin (366).

SIGMA 9113

[edit]
Main article: Diponegoro-class corvette

The Indonesian variant is based on the SIGMA 9113 design.[36] Work on the first of the class, KRI Diponegoro (365), began with the first steel cutting conducted in October 2004. The ship was christened on 16 September 2006 and commissioned on 2 July 2007 by Admiral Slamet Soebijanto, Indonesian Navy Chief of Staff.[37]

Options for two other units were exercised in January 2006 with the first steel cut commenced on 3 April 2006[38] in Damen's Schelde Naval Shipbuilding yard, Vlissingen-Oost yard and not in Surabaya as stated earlier.

On 28 August 2007, Jane's Missiles and Rockets reported[39] that Indonesia was having problems securing the export license for the MM40 Exocet block II and was considering Chinese made C-802 anti-ship missiles as alternatives. However, the ships have already been delivered with the Exocet missiles.

In 2018 Thales has upgraded the Indonesian Navy's Diponegoro-class corvette through the installation and refurbishment of the Kingklip hull-mounted sonar system.[40]

In 2019 the Diponegoro-class corvettes were upgraded with MM40 Exocet block III missile.[41]

On 31 August 2021, Terma announced that they have been awarded a contract for the upgrade of existing C-Guard systems with Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) capabilities for the Sigma-Class Corvettes of the Indonesian Navy. This C-Guard ASW upgrade program is a follow-on from the previous ASW upgrade contract awarded in 2019 for the same class of ships.[42]

On 4 November 2022, Thales has signed a contract with PT. Len to undertake the refurbishment of the integrated mission systems for Diponegoro-class ships.[43] The corvettes will be updated with Thales TACTICOS Baseline 2 combat management system (CMS) and the Naval Smarter (NS) NS50 radar system.[44]

Indonesian Navy SIGMA 10514 frigate, KRI I Gusti Ngurah Rai (332) arriving at Pearl Harbor to participate in RIMPAC 2022.

SIGMA 10514

[edit]
Main article: Martadinata-class frigate

On the 16 August 2010, Indonesian Defense Ministry, signed a deal[45][46] with PT PAL Indonesia and Damen Schelde to build a 105-meter frigate in Indonesia based on Damen Schelde SIGMA 10514 design. For the first ship, five modules for the ship will be built in Indonesia and the Dutch manufacturer Damen Schelde will build 2 modules while for the second ship the Indonesians will build six modules and Damen Schelde will build one module.

On 1 February 2013 it was announced that a second unit will be built by Damen Schelde Naval Shipbuilding and PT PAL Surabaya, the second contract includes torpedo tubes, combat control room and a couple of surface weapons.

They were built without several of their main system and equipment, namely VL-MICA, MM40 Exocet block III, Rheinmetall Millennium CIWS, Electronic warfare system and were planned to be installed later on (FFBNW).[47]

As of December 2015, the first ship, KRI Raden Eddy Martadinata (331), was 85% complete and the ship was launched on 18 January 2016.[48][49][50] On 7 April 2017 the first ship, KRI Raden Eddy Martadinata (331), was commissioned at Tanjung Priok.[51] The second ship, KRI I Gusti Ngurah Rai (332), was commissioned on 10 January 2018.[52]

The class finally received their full complement of FFBNW system and equipment in December 2019 for KRI Raden Eddy Martadinata (331)[53] and March 2020 for KRI I Gusti Ngurah Rai (332).[54]

Moroccan Navy variants

[edit]
Royal Moroccan Navy SIGMA 10513 frigate, Tarik Ben Ziyad (613).

On 6 February 2008, Morocco signed a USD$1.2 billion contract with Schelde Naval Shipbuilding for two light frigate SIGMA 9813 and one light frigate SIGMA 10513, which are modified versions of the existing SIGMA-class design.[55]

A subsequent contract was signed on 1 April 2008 with Thales Nederland for the supply and installation of the command and control and sensor package for the ships. The package included TACTICOS combat management system, SMART-S Mk2 surveillance radar, LIROD Mk2 tracking radar, Thales KINGKLIP sonar system, IFF system, Integrated communication system comprising external communication system and FOCON internal communication system, two Target Designation Sights, VIGILE ESM system, SCORPION ECM system, and the integrated navigation system.[56]

The first frigate for Morocco, Tarik ben Ziyad, was launched in July 2010,[57] began sea trials on 6 May 2011[58] and was delivered on 12 September 2011.[59] The second ship was launched on 2 February 2011,[57] with sea trials planned for late in the year.[58] The third ship was planned to be launched in September 2011.[58]

Mexican Navy variant

[edit]
Mexican Navy SIGMA 10514 POLA frigate, ARM Benito Juárez (F 101) departs Pearl Harbor to begin the at-sea phase of Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) 2022, July 12.

On 18 August 2017, Damen announced the keel laying for one SIGMA 10514 Long Range Ocean Patrol Vessel (SIGMA 10514 LROPV/ SIGMA 10514 POLA) at Damen Schelde Naval Shipyard in Vlissingen for the Mexican Navy. The vessel was constructed modularly in six modules, two modules were constructed in Vlissingen and the other four modules in Mexico.

According to the Defense Security Cooperation Agency Major Arms Sale notification on 5 January 2018, the primary weapon systems for the SIGMA class will include RGM-84L Harpoon Block II, RIM-162 ESSM[60] with eight cell MK 56 VLS launcher, MK 54 Mod 0 lightweight torpedoes with two MK 32 Surface Vessel Torpedo Tubes (SVTT) triple tube launchers, Block II Rolling Airframe Missile (RAM) missiles and Bofors 57 mm gun.[61]

In April 2018 Damen Group contracted Spanish defense technology company Indra to equip the Mexican Navy's new long-range offshore patrol vessel (POLA) with its RIGEL electronic defense system.[62]

Ships of the class

[edit]
Name Pennant Builder Laid down Launched Commissioned Notes
 Indonesian Navy
SIGMA 9113 design
KRI Diponegoro 365 Damen, Vlissingen 24 March 2005 16 September 2006 5 July 2007 Diponegoro, a National Hero from Central Java.
KRI Sultan Hasanuddin 366 24 March 2005 16 September 2006 24 November 2007 Sultan Hasanuddin, a National Hero from South Sulawesi.
KRI Sultan Iskandar Muda 367 8 May 2006 24 November 2007 18 October 2008 Sultan Iskandar Muda, a National Hero from Aceh.
KRI Frans Kaisiepo 368 8 May 2006 28 June 2008 7 March 2009 Frans Kaisiepo, a National Hero from Papua and the fourth Governor of Papua province.
SIGMA 10514 design
KRI Raden Eddy Martadinata 331 Damen, Vlissingen
PAL Indonesia, Surabaya 		16 April 2014 18 January 2016 7 April 2017 Named after Raden Eddy Martadinata, a national hero from Bandung and one of the founders of the Indonesian Navy.
KRI I Gusti Ngurah Rai 332 18 January 2016 29 September 2016 10 January 2018 Named after I Gusti Ngurah Rai, a national hero from Bali Island and leader of the Puputan War against the Dutch colonialist government.
 Royal Moroccan Navy
SIGMA 10513 design
Tarik Ben Ziyad 613 Damen, Vlissingen April 2008 12 July 2010[63] 23 December 2011 Now shows on AIS as Sultan Moulay Ismail.[citation needed]
SIGMA 9813 design
Sultan Moulay Ismail 614 Damen, Vlissingen March 2009 2 February 2011[64] 10 March 2012[65]
Allal Ben Abdellah 615 September 2009 October 2011 8 September 2012[66]
 Mexican Navy
SIGMA 10514 LROPV/POLA design
ARM Benito Juárez 101 Damen, Vlissingen
ASTIMAR 20, Salina Cruz 		17 August 2017[67] 23 November 2018[68] 10 February 2020[69] ARM Benito Juárez (F 101) was formally named ARM Reformador (P 101) being renamed in March 2020.[70]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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