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When a work's copyright expires, it enters the public domain. The following is a list of works that entered the public domain in 2018. Since laws vary globally, the copyright status of some works are not uniform.

Entering the public domain in countries with life + 70 years

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With the exception of Belarus and Spain (which is Life + 80 for creators who died before 1987), a work enters the public domain in Europe 70 years after the creator's death, if it was published during the creator's lifetime.[1][2] The list is sorted alphabetically and includes a notable work of the creator that entered the public domain on January 1, 2018. For previously unpublished material, those who publish it first will have the publication rights for 25 years.

Names Country Birth Death Occupation Notable work
James Agate  United Kingdom 9 September 1877 6 June 1947 Writer, critic Ego
Tilly Aston  Australia 11 December 1873 1 November 1947 Educator, writer
Joseph Barcroft  United Kingdom 26 July 1872 21 March 1947 Physiologist The Respiratory Function of the Blood
W. Augustus Barratt  United States 3 June 1873 12 April 1947 Composer Sir Patrick Spens
Marie Adelaide Belloc Lowndes  United Kingdom 5 August 1868 14 November 1947 Novelist The Lodger
J. D. Beresford  United Kingdom 17 March 1873 1 February 1947 Science fiction and horror author The Hampdenshire Wonder
Augustin Bernard [fr]  France 26 August 1865 29 December 1947 Geographer Les Confins algéro-marocains
Tristan Bernard  France 7 September 1866 7 December 1947 Playwright Mémoires d'un jeune homme rangé
Jean-Richard Bloch  France 25 May 1884 15 March 1947 Writer
Luigi Bonelli [it]  Italy 20 September 1865 26 January 1947 Orientalist Lessico italiano-turco
Pierre Bonnard  France 3 October 1867 23 January 1947 Painter, printmaker
Wolfgang Borchert  Germany 20 May 1921 20 November 1947 Playwright Draußen vor der Tür
Angela Brazil  United Kingdom 30 November 1868 13 March 1947 Children's books author
Óscar Castro Zúñiga  Chile 29 March 1910 1 October 1947 Writer Llampo de Sangre, Camino en el alba, Comarca del jazmín
Willa Cather  United States 7 December 1873 24 April 1947 Writer My Ántonia
Dmitry Censor [ru]  Russia 22 December 1877 26 December 1947 Poet
George Chatterton-Hill  Ireland 1883 12 January 1947 Philosopher Heredity and Selection in Sociology
Édouard Chatton  France 11 October 1883 23 April 1947 Biologist
Winston Churchill  United States 10 November 1871 12 March 1947 Novelist The Celebrity
Ananda Coomaraswamy  United States 22 August 1877 9 September 1947 historian, philosopher The Dance of Shiva
Aleister Crowley  United Kingdom 12 October 1875 1 December 1947 Poet Bibliography
Franz Cumont  Belgium 3 January 1868 20 August 1947 archeologist Texts and Illustrated Monuments Relating to the Mysteries of Mithra
Petras Cvirka  Lithuania 12 March 1909 2 May 1947 Author Frank Kruk
Josef Čapek  Czech 23 March 1887 April 1945[3] Painter, writer All About Doggie and Pussycat
Anton Denikin  Russia 16 December 1872 8 August 1947 Soldier, writer Russian Turmoil
Walter Donaldson  United States 15 February 1893 15 July 1947 Songwriter Makin' Whoopee, Yes Sir, That's My Baby
Hans Fallada  Germany 21 July 1893 5 February 1947 Writer Der junge Goedeschal, Little Man, What Now?
Irving Fisher  United States 27 February 1867 29 April 1947 Economist The Purchasing Power of Money
Desmond FitzGerald  Ireland 13 February 1888 9 April 1947 Architect
Henry Ford  United States 30 July 1863 7 April 1947 Business magnate The International Jew
John Ulrich Giesy  United States 6 August 1877 8 September 1947 Writer, physician Palos of the Dog Star Pack
Victor Goldschmidt  Norway 27 January 1888 20 March 1947 Mineralogist Geochemische Verteilungsgesetze der Elemente
Reynaldo Hahn  France 9 August 1874 28 January 1947 Composer Ciboulette
G. H. Hardy  United Kingdom 7 February 1877 1 December 1947 Mathematician A Mathematician's Apology
Frank Heller  Sweden 20 July 1886 14 October 1947 Writer The London Adventures of Mr. Collin
Frederick Gowland Hopkins  United Kingdom 20 June 1861 16 May 1947 Biochemist Feeding experiments illustrating the importance of accessory factors in normal dietaries
Blanche Hoschedé Monet  France 10 November 1865 8 December 1947 Painter
Victor Horta  Belgium 1 June 1861 9 August 1947 Architect
Albert Howard  United Kingdom 8 December 1873 20 October 1947 Botanist An Agricultural Testament
Ricarda Huch  Germany 18 July 1864 17 November 1947 Author The Deruga Case
Stanislav Hudeček [cs]  Czech Republic 26 March 1872 15 April 1947 Painter and illustrator
E.M. Hull  United Kingdom 16 August 1880 11 February 1947 Novelist The Sheik
Pierre Janet  France 30 May 1859 24 February 1947 Psychologist La médecine psychologique
Afevork Ghevre Jesus  Ethiopia 10 July 1868 25 September 1947 Writer Ləbb Wälläd Tarik
Elizabeth Jordan  United States 9 May 1865 24 February 1947 Journalist, suffragist, author
Pyotr Krasnov  Russia 22 September 1869 17 January 1947 Soldier, writer From Double Eagle To the Red Flag
Karel Langer [cs]  Czech Republic 16 January 1878 2 May 1947 Painter
Richard Le Gallienne  United Kingdom 20 January 1866 15 September 1947 author, poet
C. Louis Leipoldt  South Africa 28 December 1880 12 April 1947 Poet
Philipp Lenard  Germany 7 June 1862 20 May 1947 Physicist Quantitative on cathode rays
Friedrich von Lerch [de]  Austria 30 May 1878 19 December 1947 Physicist Separation of radium C from radium E
Hugh Lofting  United Kingdom 14 January 1886 26 September 1947 Writer Doctor Dolittle series
Ernst Lubitsch  Germany 28 January 1892 30 November 1947 Director
Manuel Machado  Spain 29 August 1874 19 January 1947 Poet and playwright La Lola se va a los puertos
Arthur Machen  United Kingdom 3 March 1863 15 December 1947 Fantasy and horror author The Great God Pan, The Three Impostors, The Hill of Dreams, The White People
Karl Mannheim  United Kingdom 27 March 1893 9 January 1947 Sociologist Ideology and Utopia
Henri Manuel  France 24 April 1874 11 September 1947 Photographer
William Moulton Marston  United States 9 May 1893 2 May 1947 Psychologist, inventor, comic book writer Wonder Woman, DISC assessment
Anatole de Monzie  France 22 November 1876 11 January 1947 Encyclopaedist Grandeur et servitude judiciaires
Yone Noguchi  Japan 8 December 1875 13 July 1947 Writer The American Diary of a Japanese Girl
Emma Orczy  United Kingdom 23 September 1865 12 November 1947 Novelist, Playwright The Scarlet Pimpernel
P. D. Ouspensky  Russia 5 March 1878 2 October 1947 Mathematician, esotericist
Friedrich Paschen  Germany 22 January 1865 25 February 1947 Physicist Ueber die zum Funkenübergang in Luft, Wasserstoff und Kohlensäure bei verschiedenen Drucken erforderliche Potentialdifferenz
John Henry Patterson  United Kingdom 10 November 1867 18 June 1947 Soldier, hunter, author The Man-Eaters of Tsavo
Reginald Payne  United Kingdom 7 June 1909 20 December 1947 Illustrator The Railway Series
Júlio Afrânio Peixoto  Brazil 17 December 1876 12 January 1947 Writer
Max Planck  Germany 23 April 1858 4 October 1947 Scientist
R. I. Pocock  United Kingdom 4 March 1863 9 August 1947 Zoologist The Fauna of British India
Carl Adolph Preyer  United States 28 July 1863 16 November 1947 Composer Festal Polonaise, Op.14
Charles-Ferdinand Ramuz   Switzerland 24 September 1878 23 May 1947 Author Beauty on Earth
Forrest Reid  United Kingdom 24 June 1875 4 January 1947 Novelist Young Tom
Nicholas Roerich  Russia
 India 		9 October 1874 13 December 1947 Painter, writer
Borys Romanowski [ka]  Georgia 1879 1947 Polish painter active in Georgia
Margaret Marshall Saunders  Canada 13 May 1861 15 February 1947 Writer
Johannes Schubert [ar; de].  Austria 11 June 1859 29 September 1947 Physicist
Emil Schovánek  Czech Republic 10 September 1885 11 July 1947 Painter
Kathleen Scott  United Kingdom 27 March 1878 25 July 1947 Sculptor
Victor Serge  Belgium 30 December 1890 17 November 1947 Marxist revolutionary, writer From Lenin to Stalin, Destiny of a Revolution
M. P. Shiel  Montserrat 21 July 1865 17 February 1947 Horror and science fiction author The Purple Cloud, The Yellow Danger
Andrei Shkuro  Russia 19 January 1887 17 January 1947 Soldier, memoirist
Alfred Walter Stewart  United Kingdom September 1880 1 July 1947 Chemist, Writer Nordenholt's Million
Alan Sullivan  Canada 29 November 1868 6 August 1947 Writer The Great Divide
Flora Thompson  United Kingdom 5 December 1876 21 May 1947 Novelist, poet Lark Rise to Candleford
Mstislav Tsyavlovsky [ru]  Russia
 Soviet Union 		26 June 1883 11 November 1947 Literary scholar
Jim Tully  United States 3 June 1886 22 June 1947 Writer Beggars of Life
Marcel Varnel  France 16 October 1892 13 July 1947 Film Director
E. C. Vivian  United Kingdom 19 October 1882 21 May 1947 Writer, editor Fields of Sleep
Sidney Webb  United Kingdom 13 July 1859 13 October 1947
Alfred North Whitehead  United Kingdom 15 February 1861 30 December 1947 Mathematician Process and Reality
Anna Wickham  United Kingdom 1883 30 April 1947 Poet Songs of John Oland
Émile Auguste Joseph De Wildeman  Belgium 19 October 1866 24 July 1947 Botanist
Almroth Wright  United Kingdom 10 August 1861 30 April 1947 Bacteriologist The Unexpurgated Case against Woman Suffrage
Riichi Yokomitsu  Japan 17 March 1898 30 December 1947 Writer
Eduard von Zambaur [de]  Austria 11 May 1866 10 October 1947 Orientalist Die Münzprägungen des Islams

Entering the public domain in countries with life + 50 years

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In most countries of Africa and Asia, as well as Belarus, Bolivia, Canada, New Zealand and Uruguay; a work enters the public domain 50 years after the creator's death.

Names Country Birth Death Occupation Notable work
J.R. Ackerley  United Kingdom 4 November 1896 4 June 1967 Writer, editor My Dog Tulip, We Think the World of You
Ciro Alegría  Peru 9 November 1909 17 February 1967 Journalist, novelist El mundo es ancho y ajeno
Gordon Allport  United States 11 November 1897 9 October 1967 psychologist Becoming: Basic Considerations for a Psychology of Personality
Norman Angell  United Kingdom 26 December 1872 7 October 1967 journalist, author, politician The Great Illusion
Tudor Arghezi  Romania 21 May 1880 14 July 1967 poet, novelist, essayist Cuvinte Potrivite, Zdreanță
Marcel Aymé  France 29 March 1902 14 October 1967 Novelist, children's writer, playwright The passer-through-walls
Margaret Ayer Barnes  United States 8 April 1886 25 October 1967 playwright, novelist, short-story writer Years of Grace
Vladimir Bartol  Slovenia 24 February 1903 12 September 1967 Writer Alamut
Frank Bruno  New Zealand 1910 12 July 1967 Writer, cartoonist, boxer Black Noon at Ngutu, The Hellbuster
John Coltrane  United States 23 September 1926 17 July 1967 Saxophonist, composer Giant Steps
Isaac Deutscher  United Kingdom 3 April 1907 19 August 1967 Biographer Stalin: a Political Biography
Julien Duvivier  France 8 October 1896 29 October 1967 film director, screenwriter Sous le ciel de Paris
Ilya Ehrenburg  Russia 27 January 1891 31 August 1967 writer, journalist, translator Black Book, The Thaw
Sidney Bradshaw Fay  United States 13 April 1876 29 August 1967 Historian The Origins of the World War
Varian Fry  United States 15 October 1907 13 September 1967 Journalist The Peace that Failed, Surrender on Demand
Che Guevara  Argentina 14 June 1928 9 October 1967 Communist revolutionary, author Guerrilla Warfare
Robert van Gulik  Netherlands 9 August 1910 24 September 1967 writer, diplomat, translator The Chinese Maze Murders
Woody Guthrie  United States 14 July 1912 3 October 1967 singer-songwriter This Land Is Your Land
Edward Hopper  United States 22 July 1882 15 May 1967 Painter Nighthawks
Langston Hughes  United States 1 February 1902 22 May 1967 Writer The Weary Blues
Lajos Kassák  Hungary 21 March 1887 22 July 1967 Poet, writer, painter
Margaret Kennedy  United Kingdom 23 April 1896 31 July 1967 Novelist, playwright The Constant Nymph, Troy Chimneys
Joseph Kesselring  United States 21 July 1902 5 November 1967 playwright Arsenic and Old Lace
Zoltán Kodály  Hungary 16 December 1882 6 March 1967 Composer, philosopher, ethnomusicologist Psalmus Hungaricus
Wolfgang Köhler  Germany 21 January 1887 11 June 1967 Psychologist The Mentality of Apes, Gestalt Psychology
Josefina Lerena Acevedo de Blixen [es]  Uruguay 13 February 1889 12 November 1967 Writer, journalist Reyles
Douglas MacLean  United States 10 January 1890 9 July 1967 actor, writer Mama Loves Papa
René Magritte  Belgium 21 November 1898 15 August 1967 Painter The Difficult Crossing, The Treachery of Images
John Masefield  United Kingdom 1 June 1878 12 May 1967 Poet, novelist The Everlasting Mercy, Sea-Fever
André Maurois  France 26 July 1885 9 October 1967 author The Silence of Colonel Bramble
Carson McCullers  United States 19 February 1917 29 September 1967 Novelist, playwright, poet The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter, The Member of the Wedding
Edgar Neville  Spain 28 December 1899 23 April 1967 playwright, film director
J. Robert Oppenheimer  United States 22 April 1904 18 February 1967 Physicist, professor
Joe Orton  United Kingdom 1 January 1933 9 August 1967 Playwright The Ruffian on the Stair, Entertaining Mr Sloane
Dorothy Parker  United States 22 August 1893 7 June 1967 Writer Enough Rope
Violeta Parra  Chile 4 October 1917 5 February 1967 Composer, songwriter Gracias a la Vida
Arthur Ransome  United Kingdom 18 January 1884 3 June 1967 Writer, journalist Swallows and Amazons series
Otis Redding  United States 9 November 1941 10 December 1967 Singer, songwriter Respect
Elmer Rice  United States 28 September 1892 8 May 1967 playwright The Adding Machine, Street Scene
Gerhard Ritter  Germany 6 April 1888 1 July 1967 Historian Luther: Gestalt und Symbol
José Martínez Ruiz  Spain 8 June 1873 2 March 1967 Novelist, essayist, literary critic La ruta de Don Quijote, La voluntad, Antonio Azorín
Carl Sandburg  United States 6 January 1878 22 July 1967 Poet, writer, journalist Abraham Lincoln: The War Years, Chicago Poems
Siegfried Sassoon  United Kingdom 8 September 1886 1 September 1967 poet, soldier, writer Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man
Philippa Schuyler  United States 2 August 1931 9 May 1967 Journalist, pianist Adventures in Black and White
Walter Terence Stace  United Kingdom 17 November 1886 2 August 1967 Philosopher, academic, Mysticism and Philosophy
Billy Strayhorn  United States 29 November 1915 31 May 1967 Composer, lyricist Take the "A" Train, Lush Life
Jean Toomer  United States 26 December 1894 30 March 1967 Poet, novelist Cane
Pavlo Tychyna  Ukraine 23 January 1891 16 September 1967 poet, statesman,
Paul Whiteman  United States 28 March 1890 29 December 1967 Bandleader, composer Flamin' Mamie
Ossip Zadkine  France 4 July 1890 25 November 1967 Artist The Destroyed City
Wolfgang Zeller  Germany 12 September 1893 11 January 1967 Composer
João Guimarães Rosa  Brazil 27 June 1908 19 November 1967 Writer Sagarana

Entering the public domain in Australia

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See also: Copyright law of Australia

In 2004 copyright in Australia changed from a "plus 50" law to a "plus 70" law, in line with America and the European Union. But the change was not made retroactive (unlike the 1995 change in the European Union which bought some e.g. British authors back into copyright, especially those who died from 1925 to 1944). Hence the work of an author who died before 1955 is normally in the public domain in Australia; but the copyright of authors was extended to 70 years after death for those who died in 1955 or later, and no more Australian authors will come out of copyright until 1 January 2026 (those who died in 1955).

Entering the public domain in the United States

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See also: Public domain in the United States

The Copyright Term Extension Act means no published works would enter the public domain in this jurisdiction until 2019.[4] Only unpublished works whose authors died in 1947 enter the public domain.

On January 26, 2018, Ludlow Music, the music publisher for We Shall Overcome, agreed in a legal settlement that the song is in the public domain.[5]

On February 27, 2018, the video game One Hour One Life was released into the public domain.[6]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "EU Extends Copyright Term To 70 Years | Billboard". Billboard.biz. 2011-09-12. Archived from the original on 2013-01-06. Retrieved 2014-01-07.
  2. ^ Directive 2006/116/EC
  3. ^ Josef Čapek's remains were never found. In 1948 the court officially set the date of his death, the day which he did not survive being 30 April 1947.
  4. ^ "Copyright and the Public Domain". Public Domain Information Project. Archived from the original on 2014-08-01. Retrieved 2015-12-13.
  5. ^ Gardner, Eriq. "Song Publisher Agrees "We Shall Overcome" Is in Public Domain in Legal Settlement". Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
  6. ^ Rohrer, Jason (17 March 2019). no_copyright.txt. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
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