President of the Supreme Federal Court

President of the Supreme Federal Court
President of the Supreme Federal Court
	Incumbent; Luis Roberto Barroso; since 28 September 2023
	Supreme Federal Court
Style	Mr. President; (informal); Your Excellency; (within court); The Most Excellent Mr. President; (formal)
Status	Chief justice
Member of	Federal judiciary; National Council of Justice
Seat	Supreme Federal Court Palace, Brasília, Federal District
Nominator	Members of the Supreme Court
Term length	Two years; not renewable
Constituting instrument	Constitution of Brazil
Formation	8 January 1829; 195 years ago
First holder	José Albano Fragoso (Supreme Court of Justice); Freitas Henriques (Supreme Federal Court)
Succession	Fourth
Salary	$39,293 BRL
Website	stf.jus.br

The President of the Supreme Federal Court is the highest-ranking officer of the Brazilian judiciary branch. The holder is also president of the National Council of Justice (CNJ).^[1] Among their responsibilities are representing both the Court and the council before other branches of government and authorities, presiding over plenary sessions of both institutions, enforcing the bylaws of the Court and Council, deciding points of order in their respective sessions, making decisions on injunctions during recess or vacation, and swearing in justices of the Supreme Court and councillors of the CNJ.^[2]^[3]

The President and Vice President of the Supreme Court are elected by the other justices in a secret ballot, with a minimum quorum of eight justices, in a two-round system for a two-year term, with re-election for a new term prohibited.^[2] Usually, the justices vote for the most senior justice who has not yet served as president, and they vote for the second most senior justice in the same situation as vice president. The tradition, present during most of the country's republican history, is for the Vice President to be elected by their peers to assume the presidency after the end of their term. The self-governance and self-determination of the Supreme Federal Court regarding the choice of its president did not exist in two historical periods. During the monarchy, the Emperor of Brazil appointed the President of the Supreme Court of Justice for a renewable three-year term.^[4] Under the Constitution of 1937, the President of Brazil appointed the President of the Court from among the justices of the current composition for an indefinite term.^[5]^[6]

The President of the Supreme Federal Court is fourth in the Brazilian presidential line of succession and can hold the office of President of the Federal Senate in exceptional situations. The longest presidency was held by Hermínio do Espírito Santo for 13 years and 312 days, while the shortest was held by Leoni Ramos for 23 days.^[6] The Brazilian Presidents who appointed the most Presidents of the Supreme Court were Getúlio Vargas and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, with six appointments each. The current President is Justice Luís Roberto Barroso, who has held the position since 28 September 2023.^[7]

Presidents of the Supreme Court of Justice (1829–1891)

No.	Justice	Took office	Left office	Time in office	Appointer
1	José Albano Fragoso (1768–1843)	8 January 1829 (1829-01-08)	5 January 1832 (1832-01-05)	2 years, 362 days	Pedro I
2	Lucas Antônio Monteiro de Barros, Viscount of Congonhas do Campo (1767–1851)	5 January 1832 (1832-01-05)	3 March 1842 (1842-03-03)	10 years, 57 days	Permanent Triumviral Regency
3	José Bernardo de Figueiredo (1769–1854)	26 April 1842 (1842-04-26)	13 October 1849 (1849-10-13)	7 years, 170 days	Pedro II
4	Francisco de Paula Pereira Duarte (1784–1855)	17 October 1849 (1849-10-17)	15 June 1855 (1855-06-15)	5 years, 241 days	Pedro II
5	Manuel Pinto Ribeiro Pereira de Sampaio (1780–1857)	15 February 1856 (1856-02-15)	27 September 1857 (1857-09-27)	1 year, 224 days	Pedro II
6	Joaquim José Pinheiro de Vasconcelos, Viscount of Monserrate (1799–1879)	27 September 1857 (1857-09-27)	5 February 1864 (1864-02-05)	6 years, 131 days	Pedro II
7	Joaquim Marcelino de Brito (1799–1879)	5 February 1864 (1864-02-05)	27 January 1879 (1879-01-27)	14 years, 356 days	Pedro II
8	João Antônio de Vasconcelos (1802–1880)	1 February 1879 (1879-02-01)	21 November 1880 (1880-11-21)	1 year, 294 days	Pedro II
9	Albino José Barbosa de Oliveira (1809–1889)	27 November 1880 (1880-11-27)	14 June 1882 (1882-06-14)	1 year, 199 days	Pedro II
10	Manuel de Jesus Valdetaro, Viscount of Valdetaro (1807–1897)	14 June 1882 (1882-06-14)	27 November 1886 (1886-11-27)	4 years, 166 days	Pedro II
11	João Evangelista de Negreiros, Viscount of Sabará (1817–1894)	27 November 1886 (1886-11-27)	26 February 1891 (1891-02-26)	4 years, 91 days	Pedro II

Presidents of the Supreme Federal Court (1891–present)

No.	Justice	Took office	Left office	Time in office	Appointer
1	Freitas Henriques (1822–1903)	28 February 1891 (1891-02-28)	9 February 1894 (1894-02-09)	2 years, 346 days	Deodoro da Fonseca (Ind)
2	Aquino e Castro (1828–1906)	28 February 1894 (1894-02-28)	10 August 1906 (1906-08-10)	12 years, 163 days	Deodoro da Fonseca (Ind)
3	Piza e Almeida (1842–1908)	18 August 1906 (1906-08-18)	22 April 1908 (1908-04-22)	1 year, 248 days	Deodoro da Fonseca (Ind)
4	Pindaíba de Matos (1831–1913)	29 April 1908 (1908-04-29)	26 December 1910 (1910-12-26)	2 years, 241 days	Floriano Peixoto (Ind)
5	Hermínio do Espírito Santo (1842–1924)	4 January 1911 (1911-01-04)	11 November 1924 (1924-11-11)	13 years, 312 days	Floriano Peixoto (Ind)
6	André Cavalcanti (1834–1927)	14 November 1924 (1924-11-14)	13 February 1927 (1927-02-13)	2 years, 91 days	Prudente de Morais (PR Federal)
7	Godofredo Cunha (1860–1936)	22 February 1927 (1927-02-22)	17 February 1931 (1931-02-17)	3 years, 360 days	Nilo Peçanha (PRF)
8	Leoni Ramos (1857–1931)	25 February 1931 (1931-02-25)	20 March 1931 (1931-03-20)	23 days	Nilo Peçanha (PRF)
9	Edmundo Lins (1863–1944)	1 April 1931 (1931-04-01)	15 November 1937 (1937-11-15)	6 years, 228 days	Venceslau Brás (PRM)
10	Bento de Faria (1876–1959)	19 November 1937 (1937-11-19)	18 November 1940 (1940-11-18)	2 years, 365 days	Artur Bernardes (PRM)
11	Eduardo Espínola (1875–1968)	20 November 1940 (1940-11-20)	24 May 1945 (1945-05-24)	4 years, 185 days	Getúlio Vargas (Ind)
12	José Linhares (1886–1957)	26 May 1945 (1945-05-26)	31 January 1949 (1949-01-31)	3 years, 250 days	Getúlio Vargas (Ind)
13	Laudo de Camargo (1881–1963)	31 January 1949 (1949-01-31)	24 April 1951 (1951-04-24)	2 years, 83 days	Getúlio Vargas (Ind)
14	José Linhares (1886–1957)	2 May 1951 (1951-05-02)	30 January 1956 (1956-01-30)	4 years, 273 days	Getúlio Vargas (Ind)
15	Orozimbo Nonato (1891–1974)	30 January 1956 (1956-01-30)	26 January 1960 (1960-01-26)	3 years, 361 days	Getúlio Vargas (Ind)
16	Barros Barreto (1895–1969)	29 January 1960 (1960-01-29)	28 January 1962 (1962-01-28)	1 year, 364 days	Getúlio Vargas (Ind)
17	Lafayette de Andrada (1900–1974)	29 January 1962 (1962-01-29)	10 December 1963 (1963-12-10)	1 year, 315 days	José Linhares (Ind)
18	Ribeiro da Costa (1897–1967)	11 December 1963 (1963-12-11)	4 December 1966 (1966-12-04)	2 years, 358 days	José Linhares (Ind)
19	Luís Gallotti (1904–1978)	14 December 1966 (1966-12-14)	11 December 1968 (1968-12-11)	1 year, 363 days	Eurico Gaspar Dutra (PSD)
20	Gonçalves de Oliveira (1910–1992)	11 December 1968 (1968-12-11)	18 January 1969 (1969-01-18)	38 days	Juscelino Kubitschek (PSD)
–	Luís Gallotti (1904–1978) Acting	18 January 1969 (1969-01-18)	10 February 1969 (1969-02-10)	23 days	Eurico Gaspar Dutra (PSD)
21	Oswaldo Trigueiro (1905–1989)	10 February 1969 (1969-02-10)	10 February 1971 (1971-02-10)	2 years, 0 days	Castelo Branco (ARENA)
22	Aliomar Baleeiro (1905–1978)	10 February 1971 (1971-02-10)	9 February 1973 (1973-02-09)	1 year, 365 days	Castelo Branco (ARENA)
23	Eló da Rocha (1907–1999)	9 February 1973 (1973-02-09)	14 February 1975 (1975-02-14)	2 years, 5 days	Castelo Branco (ARENA)
24	Djaci Falcão (1919–2012)	14 February 1975 (1975-02-14)	14 February 1977 (1977-02-14)	2 years, 0 days	Castelo Branco (ARENA)
25	Thompson Flores (1911–2001)	14 February 1977 (1977-02-14)	14 February 1979 (1979-02-14)	2 years, 0 days	Costa e Silva (ARENA)
26	Antônio Neder (1911–2003)	14 February 1979 (1979-02-14)	16 February 1981 (1981-02-16)	2 years, 2 days	Emílio Garrastazu Médici (ARENA)
27	Xavier de Albuquerque (1926–2015)	16 February 1981 (1981-02-16)	21 February 1983 (1983-02-21)	2 years, 5 days	Emílio Garrastazu Médici (ARENA)
28	Cordeiro Guerra (1916–1993)	21 February 1983 (1983-02-21)	25 February 1985 (1985-02-25)	2 years, 4 days	Ernesto Geisel (ARENA)
29	Moreira Alves (1933–2023)	25 February 1985 (1985-02-25)	2 March 1987 (1987-03-02)	2 years, 5 days	Ernesto Geisel (ARENA)
30	Rafael Mayer (1919–2013)	2 March 1987 (1987-03-02)	14 March 1989 (1989-03-14)	2 years, 12 days	Ernesto Geisel (ARENA)
31	Néri da Silveira (born 1932)	14 March 1989 (1989-03-14)	14 March 1991 (1991-03-14)	2 years, 0 days	João Figueiredo (PDS)
32	Aldir Passarinho (1921–2014)	14 March 1991 (1991-03-14)	22 April 1991 (1991-04-22)	39 days	João Figueiredo (PDS)
33	Sydney Sanches (born 1933)	10 May 1991 (1991-05-10)	13 May 1993 (1993-05-13)	2 years, 3 days	João Figueiredo (PDS)
34	Octavio Gallotti (born 1930)	13 May 1993 (1993-05-13)	17 May 1995 (1995-05-17)	2 years, 4 days	João Figueiredo (PDS)
35	Sepúlveda Pertence (1937–2023)	17 May 1995 (1995-05-17)	20 May 1997 (1997-05-20)	1 year, 307 days	José Sarney (MDB)
36	Celso de Mello (born 1945)	22 May 1997 (1997-05-22)	27 May 1999 (1999-05-27)	2 years, 5 days	José Sarney (MDB)
37	Carlos Velloso (born 1936)	27 May 1999 (1999-05-27)	31 May 2001 (2001-05-31)	2 years, 4 days	Fernando Collor (PRN)
38	Marco Aurélio Mello (born 1946)	31 May 2001 (2001-05-31)	5 June 2003 (2003-06-05)	2 years, 5 days	Fernando Collor (PRN)
39	Maurício Corrêa (1934–2012)	5 June 2003 (2003-06-05)	8 August 2004 (2004-08-08)	1 year, 64 days	Itamar Franco (MDB)
40	Nelson Jobim (born 1946)	20 August 2004 (2004-08-20)	29 March 2006 (2006-03-29)	1 year, 221 days	Fernando Henrique Cardoso (PSDB)
41	Ellen Gracie (born 1948)	27 April 2006 (2006-04-27)	23 April 2008 (2008-04-23)	1 year, 362 days	Fernando Henrique Cardoso (PSDB)
42	Gilmar Mendes (born 1955)	23 April 2008 (2008-04-23)	23 April 2010 (2010-04-23)	0 days	Fernando Henrique Cardoso (PSDB)
43	Cezar Peluso (born 1942)	23 April 2010 (2010-04-23)	19 April 2012 (2012-04-19)	1 year, 362 days	Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT)
44	Ayres Britto (born 1942)	19 April 2012 (2012-04-19)	17 November 2012 (2012-11-17)	212 days	Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT)
45	Joaquim Barbosa (born 1954)	22 November 2012 (2012-11-22)	31 July 2014 (2014-07-31)	1 year, 251 days	Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT)
46	Ricardo Lewandowski (born 1948)	10 September 2014 (2014-09-10)	12 September 2016 (2016-09-12)	2 years, 2 days	Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT)
47	Cármen Lúcia (born 1954)	12 September 2016 (2016-09-12)	13 September 2018 (2018-09-13)	2 years, 1 day	Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT)
48	Dias Toffoli (born 1967)	13 September 2018 (2018-09-13)	10 September 2020 (2020-09-10)	1 year, 363 days	Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT)
49	Luiz Fux (born 1953)	10 September 2020 (2020-09-10)	12 September 2022 (2022-09-12)	2 years, 2 days	Dilma Rousseff (PT)
50	Rosa Weber (born 1948)	12 September 2022 (2022-09-12)	28 September 2023 (2023-09-28)	1 year, 16 days	Dilma Rousseff (PT)
51	Luís Roberto Barroso (born 1958)	28 September 2023 (2023-09-28)	Incumbent	313 days	Dilma Rousseff (PT)

Timeline

References

^ "Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, Artigo 103-B". Palácio do Planalto (in Brazilian Portuguese). 5 October 1988. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
^ ^a ^b "Diário da Justiça" (PDF). Supremo Tribunal Federal (in Brazilian Portuguese) (205). 27 October 1980. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
^ "Presidência". Conselho Nacional de Justiça (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 10 June 2023.
^ "Lei de 18 de setembro de 1828". Palácio do Planalto (in Portuguese). 18 September 1828. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
^ "Decreto-Lei n° 2.770, de 11 de novembro de 1940". Câmara dos Deputados (in Brazilian Portuguese). 11 November 1940. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
^ ^a ^b Celso de Mello, José (2011). Notas sobre o Supremo Tribunal (Império e República) (PDF). Brasília: Supremo Tribunal Federal. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
^ Boadle, Anthony; Gregorio, David (28 September 2023). "Brazil Supreme Court's new chief justice faces stormy ties with Congress". Reuters (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 29 September 2023.

[1] "Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, Artigo 103-B". Palácio do Planalto (in Brazilian Portuguese). 5 October 1988. Retrieved 10 June 2023.

[RISTF-2] "Diário da Justiça" (PDF). Supremo Tribunal Federal (in Brazilian Portuguese) (205). 27 October 1980. Retrieved 10 June 2023.

[3] "Presidência". Conselho Nacional de Justiça (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 10 June 2023.

[4] "Lei de 18 de setembro de 1828". Palácio do Planalto (in Portuguese). 18 September 1828. Retrieved 10 June 2023.

[5] "Decreto-Lei n° 2.770, de 11 de novembro de 1940". Câmara dos Deputados (in Brazilian Portuguese). 11 November 1940. Retrieved 10 June 2023.

[Notes-6] Celso de Mello, José (2011). Notas sobre o Supremo Tribunal (Império e República) (PDF). Brasília: Supremo Tribunal Federal. Retrieved 22 May 2024.

[7] Boadle, Anthony; Gregorio, David (28 September 2023). "Brazil Supreme Court's new chief justice faces stormy ties with Congress". Reuters (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 29 September 2023.

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v t e Current Justices of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil
President	Luís Roberto Barroso (since 2013; President since 2023)	STF headquarters in Brasília
Vice President	Edson Fachin (since 2015; Vice President since 2023)
Other justices	Gilmar Mendes (since 2002) Carmen Lúcia (since 2006) Dias Toffoli (since 2009) Luiz Fux (since 2011) Alexandre de Moraes (since 2017) Nunes Marques (since 2020) André Mendonça (since 2021) Cristiano Zanin (since 2023) Flávio Dino (since 2024)