Table of prophets of Abrahamic religions
This is an incomplete table containing prophets, sometimes called messengers, of the Abrahamic religions.[1][2]
Table
| Manifestation of God (Baháʼí Faith) | Prophets of Christianity | Prophethood in the Druze faith | Prophets and messengers in Islam | Prophets in Judaism | Chief Prophets of Mandaeism | Rastafari | Samaritanism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ádam[3][4] | Adam | ʾĀdam | ʾĀdam[5] | — | Adam | — | ʾĀ̊dā̊m[6] |
| — | Abel | — | Hābīl | — | — | — | — |
| — | Seth | — | Šīṯ | — | Šītil | — | Šåt[6] |
| Edrís (Enoch/Hermes Trismegistus)[7] | Enoch | ʾAḵnūḵ | Idris[8] | — | — | Enoch | ʾĪnūḵ[6] |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Kenan (Qinā̊n)[6] |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Mahalalel (Măʾllēləl)[6] |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Jared (Yărăd)[6] |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Methuselah (Mətušā̊ːlaʾ)[6] |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Lamech (Ləmēk)[6] |
| Núh[9] | Noah | Nuh | Nuh[8] | — | Nú | — | Nā̊ʾ[6] |
| — | — | — | — | — | Sam | — | Shem (Šēm)[6] |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Arpachshad (ʾArpakšā̊d)[6] |
| Vāsudeva-Krishna[10][11] | — | — | Krishna (only Ahmadiyya)[12] | — | — | — | — |
| Húd[9] | — | — | Hud[8] | — | — | — | Eber (ʿəbăr)[6] |
| Sálih[9] | — | — | Saleh[8] | — | — | — | Šīlå[6] |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Peleg (Pălăg)[6] |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Reu (Rəʿu)[6] |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Serug (Šărūg)[6] |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Nahor (Nāʾūr)[6] |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Terah (Tărăʾ)[6] |
| Zoroaster[13] | — | — | Zoroaster (Only Ahmadiyya)[14] | — | — | — | — |
| Ibráhím[13] | Abraham | ʾIbrāhīm | ʾIbrāhīm[8] | Abraham[15] | — | Abraham | ʾǍbrǎʾm[6] |
| — | — | Sāra | — | Sarah[15] | — | — | — |
| Ismá‘íl[9] | Ishmael | — | Ismā'īl[8] | — | — | — | Yišmaʿʾēl[6] |
| Isháq[9] | Isaac | — | ʾIsḥāq[8] | Isaac | — | Isaac | Yēṣʾåq[6] |
| Yaqúb[9] | Jacob | Yaʾqob | Yaqub[8] | Jacob[15] | — | Jacob | Yå̄ːqob[6] |
| Yusúf[16] | Joseph (debated) | — | Yusuf[8] | Joseph[15] | — | Joseph | Yūsef[6] |
| Lúta | Lot | — | Lut[8] | — | — | — | — |
| Ayyúb[9] | Job | Ayyūb | Ayub[8] | Job[15] | — | Job | — |
| — | Jeduthun[15] | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Asaph/Asoph | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Zebulun (Sabalān) | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Levi (Lībi)[6] |
| — | — | Akhenaten (Ākhnātūn) | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Amram (ʾÅmrām)[6] |
| — | Ruth | — | — | Ruth | — | Ruth | — |
| Shu'ayb[9] | Jethro | Shuʿayb | Shoaib[8] | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | Bithiah[17] | — | — | — |
| Harún[18] | Aaron | — | Harun[8] | Aaron[15] | — | Aaron | Årron[6] |
| — | Miriam | — | — | Miriam[15] | — | Miriam | Maryåm[6] |
| Musá[13] | Moses | Mūsā | Musa[8] | Moses[15] | — | Moses | Moše[6] |
| — | Joshua (also, "Josue") | — | Yusha (debated)[8][19] | Joshua[15] | — | — | Yēʾūša[6] |
| — | — | el-Khudar[n 1] | al-Khidr (debated)[20] | — | — | — | — |
| — | Eldad (debated | — | — | Eldad | — | — | Ildåd[6] |
| — | Medad (debated) | — | — | Medad | — | — | Mūdåd[6] |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Caleb (Kīlåb)[6] |
| — | Phinehas | — | — | Phinehas | — | — | — |
| — | Deborah | — | — | Deborah[15] | — | Deborah | — |
| — | Gideon (only Eastern Orthodox, and Armenian Apostolic) | — | — | Gideon | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | Eli | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | Elkanah | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | Hannah[15] | — | — | — |
| — | Samuel | — | Syamuil[8] | Samuel[15] | — | Samuel | — |
| "Prophet of the Sabaeans"[21] | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| "David"[9][n 2] | David | — | Dawud[8] | King David[15] | — | David | — |
| — | — | — | — | Abigail[15] | — | — | — |
| Sulaymān [9] | Solomon (debated) | Sulaymān | Sulayman | King Solomon | — | Solomon | — |
| — | Ahijah HaShiloni | — | — | Ahijah HaShiloni | — | Ahijah HaShiloni | — |
| — | Hezekiah | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | Mordecai | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | Eliphaz (the Temanite)[22] | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | Bildad (the Shuhite)[22] | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | Zophar (the Naamathite)[22] | — | — | — |
| — | Elihu (debated) | — | — | Elihu (the Buzite)[22] | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | Beor[22] | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | Balaam[15] | — | — | — |
| — | Gad | — | — | Gad[15] | — | Gad | — |
| — | Nathan | — | — | Nathan[15] | — | Nathan | — |
| — | Shemaiah | — | — | Shemaiah[15] | — | Shemiah | — |
| — | — | — | — | Hanani[15] | — | Hanani | — |
| — | Jehu | — | — | Jehu[15] | — | Jehu | — |
| — | Jahaziel/Chaziel (debated) | — | — | Jahaziel | — | Jahaziel | — |
| — | Eliezer (debated) | — | — | Eliezer | — | Eliezer | — |
| — | — | — | — | Ahiyah | — | — | — |
| — | Iddo | — | — | Iddo[15] | — | Iddo | — |
| — | — | — | — | Micaiah[15] | — | Micaiah | — |
| — | — | — | — | Obadiah[15] | — | Obadiah | — |
| — | Oded | — | — | Oded[15] | — | Oded | — |
| — | Azariah | — | — | Azariah | — | Azariah | — |
| — | Ezra/Esdras | — | Uzair[8][23] | — | — | — | — |
| — | Nehemiah | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | Jahaziel | — |
| — | Osee | — | — | Hosea[15] | — | Horsea | — |
| — | — | — | — | Huldah[15] | — | Huldah | — |
| — | — | — | — | Amos[15] | — | Amos | — |
| — | Micheas | — | — | Micah[15] | — | Micah | — |
| — | — | — | — | Amoz | — | — | — |
| Élyás[9] | Elijah/Elias | el-Khudar[n 1] | Ilyas[8] | Elijah[15] | — | Ellijah | — |
| — | Elisha | — | al-Yasa | Elisha[15] | — | Elisha | — |
| Yúnus (Jonas)[24] | Jonah/Jonas | — | Yunus[8] | Jonah[15] | — | Jonah | — |
| Búdá (Buddha)[25] | — | — | Buddha (Only Ahmadiyya)[26] | — | — | — | — |
| Íshiya[9] | Isaiah/Isaias | — | Ishaʻyā'[8] | Isaiah[15] | — | Isaiah | — |
| Ermíya[9] | Jeremiah/Jeremias | — | Irmiyā[8] | Jeremiah[15] | — | Jeremiah | — |
| — | Zephaniah/Sophonias | — | — | Zephaniah[15] | — | Zephaniah | — |
| — | Nahum | — | — | Nahum | — | Nahum | — |
| — | Habakkuk/Habacuc | — | Ḥabaqūq | Habakkuk[15] | — | Habakkuk | — |
| Za'l Kifl[9] | Ezekiel/Ezechiel | — | Dhul-Kifl[8] | Ezekiel[15] | — | Ezekiel | — |
| — | Uriah | — | — | Uriah[15] | — | Uriah | — |
| — | Baruch ben Neriah | — | — | Baruch ben Neriah | — | Baruch ben Neriah | — |
| — | Neriah | — | — | Neriah | — | Neriah | — |
| — | Seraiah | — | — | Seraiah | — | Seraiah | — |
| — | Haggai/Aggeus | — | — | Haggai[15] | — | Haggai | — |
| Zechariah[27] | Zechariah/Zacharias (debated) | — | — | Zechariah (Zekaryah)[15] | — | Zechariah | — |
| — | Malachi/Malachias | — | — | Malachi[15] | — | Malachi | — |
| — | Esther | — | — | Esther[15] | — | — | — |
| Yu'íl[9] | Joel | — | — | Joel[15] | — | Joel | — |
| Danyál[9] | Daniel | — | Daniyal[8][28] | — | — | Daniel | — |
| — | — | al-Ya'fūrī | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Lehi (Book of Mormon prophet)
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Nephi, son of Lehi
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Jacob (Book of Mormon prophet)
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Enos (Book of Mormon prophet)
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Jarom
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Omni (Book of Mormon record keeper)
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Amaron
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Chemish
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Abinadom
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Amaleki
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Neum (Book of Mormon)[29]
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Zenos
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Zenock
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | King Benjamin
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | King Mosiah II[30]
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Ammon (Book of Mormon missionary)
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Abinadi
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Alma the Elder
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Alma the Younger
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Aaron
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Omner
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Himni
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Ammon (Book of Mormon explorer)
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Amulek
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Zeezrom
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Helaman[31]
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Shiblon[32]
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Corianton
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Helaman II
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Nephi, son of Helaman
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Lehi, son of Helaman
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Zechariah (the Priest)[33] | — | Zakariya[8] | — | — | Zechariah | — |
| — | Anna | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Agabus | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Agur | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Samuel the Lamanite
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Lachoneus the Chief Judge[34]
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Pythagoras (Fīṯāḡūras) | — | — | — | — | — |
| Confucius | — | — | Confucius
(Only Ahmadiyya) |
— | — | — | — |
| — | — | Parmenides (Bārminīdes) | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Empedocles (ʾAmbadūqlīs) | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Alexander (al-ʾIskandar) |
Dhu al-Qarnayn (debated) | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Aristotle (ʾArisṭūṭālīs) | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Plato (ʾAflāṭūn) | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Socrates (Suqrāṭ) | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Mary (debated) | — | Maryam (debated)[35][36] | — | — | — | — |
| Yúna[37] | John (the Baptist)[38] | el-Khudar[n 1] | Yahya ibn Zakariyya[8] | — | Yuhana Maṣbana | John (the Baptist) | — |
| Jesus Christ[39] | Jesus Christ | Isā ibn Yusuf and Maryam (Jesus, son of Joseph and Mary)[40][41] | Isa ibn Maryam (Jesus, son of Mary) [8] | — | — | Jesus of Nazareth | — |
| — | — | Luke the Evangelist (Lūqā) | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Matthew the Apostle (Mattā) | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Mark the Apostle (Marqus) | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | John of Patmos (except Syriac Orthodox Church) | — | — | — | — | John of Patmos | — |
| — | Judas Barsabbas | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Barnabas | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Simeon Niger | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Lucius of Cyrene | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Manahen | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Silas | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Philip the Evangelist | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Plotinus (ʾAflūṭīn) | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Democrates | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Marqah (Mårqe)[6] |
| — | Gidgiddoni[42]
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Nephi the Disciple
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Timothy, son of Nephi
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Nephi, son of Nephi the Disciple
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Jonas, the son of Nephi
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Mathoni[43]
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Mathonihah[44]
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Kumen[45]
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Kumenonhi[46]
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Jeremiah
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Shemnon[47]
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Jonas
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Zedekiah
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Isaiah
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Amos, son of Nephi
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Amos, son of Amos
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Ammaron
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Mormon (Book of Mormon prophet)
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Moroni (Book of Mormon prophet)
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Mahonri Moriancumer[48][49][50]
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Ether (Book of Mormon prophet)
(only Mormonism) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| Muhammad[13][51] | — | Muhammad | Muhammad[8] | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Salman al-Farsi | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Ali | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | al-Hākim | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Hamza | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Muḥammad ibn Wahb al-Qurashī | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Abū'l-Khayr Salama ibn Abd al-Wahhab al-Samurri | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Ismāʿīl ibn Muḥammad at-Tamīmī | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Bahāʾ al-Dīn | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | Ad-Darazi | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Joseph Smith (only Mormonism) | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Deganawida[52] (Native American Baháʼís) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Báb[53] | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Bahá'u'lláh[54] | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | Ellen G. White (only Seventh-day Adventistism) | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | Marcus Garvey | — |
| — | — | — | Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (only Ahmadiyya)[55] | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | Haile Selassie I | — |
| — | — | — | Noble Drew Ali (only Moorish Scientists)[56] | — | — | — | — |
| — | Felix Manalo
(only Iglesia ni Cristo) |
— | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | Vernon Carrington (Prophet Gad) | — |
| — | — | — | Elijah Muhammad (only Nation of Islam)[57] | — | — | — | — |
See also
- Books of the Bible
- List of burial places of Abrahamic figures
- List of founders of religious traditions
- People of the Book
List of Prophets
- Prophets in Judaism
- Prophets of Christianity
- Prophets and messengers in Islam
- Prophets in the Baháʼí Faith
Notes
- ^ a b c Druze entitle at least four prophets as el-Khudar ("the green one") in the belief that they all represented a reincarnating prophet. These prophets, in order, were Elijah, John the Baptist, Saint George, and Sidna Abu Ibrahim.
- ^ The Baháʼí Manifestation of God known as 'David' is not the same individual as King David - as is the case with the other religions listed here. This David, according to Báb, lived before Moses.
References
- ^ "ENOCH - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
- ^ In Judaism and Islam the classification of some people as prophets includes those who are not explicitly called so in the Hebrew Bible or Quran. Judaism also uses religious texts other than the Hebrew Bible to define prophets. Moreover, Orthodox rabbis use different criteria for classifying someone as a prophet, e.g. Enoch is not considered a prophet in Judaism. The New Testament may call someone a prophet even though they are not so classified in the Hebrew Bible; for example, Abel, Daniel, and Enoch are described in the New Testament as prophets.
- ^ Smith, Peter (2000). "Adam". A Concise Encyclopedia of the Baháʼí Faith. London: Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1-78074-480-3. OCLC 890982216. Retrieved 2021-06-26 – via Google Books.
- ^ ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (2014) [1908]. Some Answered Questions (newly revised. ed.). Haifa, Israel: Baháʼí World Centre. ISBN 978-0-87743-374-3.
- ^ Noegel & Wheeler 2010, p. 15.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Prophets
- ^ Brown, Keven (1997). McLean, Jack (ed.). "Hermes Trismegistus and Apollonius of Tyana in the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh". Studies in the Bábí and Baháʼí Religions. Revisioning the Sacred: New Perspectives on a Bahá'í Theology. 8. Los Angeles: Kalimat Press: 153–187. ISBN 0-933770-96-0 – via Bahá'í Library Online.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Noegel & Wheeler 2010, pp. 365–6.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p May, Dann J (December 1993). "Web Published". The Baháʼí Principle of Religious Unity and the Challenge of Radical Pluralism (Thesis). University of North Texas, Denton, Texas. p. 102. Retrieved 2010-01-02.
- ^ Smith, Peter (2000). "Manifestations of God". A Concise Encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith. Oxford: Oneworld Publications. p. 231. ISBN 1-85168-184-1.
- ^ Esslemont, J. E. (1980). Bahá'u'lláh and the New Era. Wilmette, Illinois, USA: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. p. 2. ISBN 0-87743-160-4.
- ^ Lecture Sialkot Pages 33-34
- ^ a b c d Momen, Moojan (1995). Baha'u'llah's Prophetology: Archetypal patterns in the lives of the founders of the world religions. Baháʼí Studies Review, 5.1.
- ^ "Zoroastrianism".
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq Noegel & Wheeler 2010, p. 366.
- ^ Stokes, Jim. The Story of Joseph in the Babi and Baha'i Faiths in World Order, 29:2, pp. 25-42, 1997-98 Winter.
- ^ Babylonian Talmud, Sotah 12
- ^ Dunbar, Hooper C. (1998). A Companion to the Study of the Kitáb-i-Íqán. Oxford, United Kingdom: George Ronald. p. 112. ISBN 0-85398-430-1.
- ^ Noegel & Wheeler 2010, p. 178. "Joshua is not mentioned by name in the Quaran, but the exegetes ... see him as the prophetic successor to Moses."
- ^ "15. The Ethos of Prophet Khidr". 8 June 2015.
- ^ Research Department of the Universal House of Justice. The Sabaeans and African-based Religions in the Americas, in Lights of Irfan, 13, pp. 415-420. Wilmette, IL: Haj Mehdi Armand Colloquium, 2012.
- ^ a b c d e Babylonian Talmud, Baba Bathra 15
- ^ Noegel & Wheeler 2010, p. 116. "Muslim exegesis on Q 9:30 explains that Ezra was one of the Israelite prophets coming between Solomon and John the Baptist."
- ^ 'Abdu'l-Bahá. Tablet about Jonah and the Whale.
- ^ Buddhism and the Baháʼí Faith
- ^ "Buddha and Jesus". 2000-02-16.
- ^ Cynthia C. Shawamreh (December 1998). "Comparison of the Suriy-i-Haykal and the Prophecies of Zechariah". Wilmette Institute.
- ^ Noegel & Wheeler 2010, p. 75. "Daniel is not mentioned by name in the Quran, nor are any passages identified by Muslim exegetes as relating to him, but there are accounts of his prophethood in later Muslim literature."
- ^ churchofjesuschrist.org: "Book of Mormon Pronunciation Guide" (retrieved 2012-02-25), IPA-ified from «nē´um»
- ^ Mosiah 8:13-17
- ^ Mosiah 1:2
- ^ Alma 63:1-2, Book of Mormon
- ^ Православный церковный календарь. Имена святых, упоминаемые в месяцеслове. Имена мужские. З — Захария (Праведный) (in Russian)
- ^ 3 Nephi 3:16-19, Book of Mormon
- ^ Farooq, Mohammad Omar. "Imam Ibn Hazm: On Prophethood of Women". Archived from the original on 2005-03-12.
- ^ Ibrahim, Mohammed Zayki (2015). "Ibn Ḥazm's theory of prophecy of women: Literalism, logic, and perfection". Intellectual Discourse. 23 (1). IIUM Press: 76–77. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.831.1259. eISSN 2289-5639. ISSN 0128-4878.
- ^ McLean, Jack (2013). John the Baptist and Baha'i Prophetic Categories: An Atypical Paradigm.
- ^ Православный церковный календарь. Имена святых, упоминаемые в месяцеслове. Имена мужские. И — Иоанн (Пророк, Предтеча и Креститель Господень) (in Russian)
- ^ Stockman, Robert. Jesus Christ in the Bahá'í Writings, in Baháʼí Studies Review, 2:1, Association for Baha'i Studies English-Speaking Europe, London, 1992.
- ^ Hitti, Philip K. (1928). The Origins of the Druze People and Religion: With Extracts from Their Sacred Writings. Library of Alexandria. p. 37. ISBN 9781465546623.
- ^ Dana, Nissim (2008). The Druze in the Middle East: Their Faith, Leadership, Identity and Status. Michigan University press. p. 17. ISBN 9781903900369.
- ^ 3 Nephi 3:18-19, Book of Mormon
- ^ churchofjesuschrist.org: "Book of Mormon Pronunciation Guide" (retrieved 2012-02-25), IPA-ified from «ma-thō´nī»
- ^ churchofjesuschrist.org: "Book of Mormon Pronunciation Guide" (retrieved 2012-02-25), IPA-ified from «măth-ō-nī´hä»
- ^ "Book of Mormon Pronunciation Guide" (retrieved 2012-02-25), IPA-ified from «kū´mun»
- ^ churchofjesuschrist.org: "Book of Mormon Pronunciation Guide" (retrieved 2012-02-25), IPA-ified from «kū´ma-nän´hī»
- ^ churchofjesuschrist.org: "Book of Mormon Pronunciation Guide" (retrieved 2012-02-25), IPA-ified from «shĕm´nän»
- ^ "The Jaredites," The Juvenile Instructor, [1 May 1892], p. 282 n.
- ^ Chapter 48, Book of Mormon Student Manual, Religion 121 and 122, 1996
- ^ "Understanding the Scriptures", "Ether 2 The Jaredites Build Barges", Book of Mormon Seminary Student Study Guide, [2000]
- ^ Momen, Moojan (2000). Islam and the Baháʼí Faith. Oxford, UK: George Ronald. ISBN 0-85398-446-8.
- ^ Buck, Christopher; Addison Donald. Messengers of God in North America, Revisited: An Exegesis of 'Abdu'l-Bahá's Tablet to Amír Khán, in Online Journal of Bahá'í Studies, 1, pp. 180–270, Association for Baha'i Studies of New Zealand, 2007.
- ^ Martin, Douglas. The Mission of the Báb: Retrospective 1844-1994, in Bahá'í World, Vol. 23 (1994–1995).
- ^ Hatcher, W.S.; Martin, J.D. (2002). The Baháʼí Faith: The Emerging Global Religion. New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 0-06-065441-4.
- ^ Simon Ross Valentine (2008). Islam and the Ahmadiyya Jama'at: History, Belief, Practice. Columbia University Press. p. 134. ISBN 978-1-85065-916-7.
- ^ Paghdiwala, Tasneem (2007-11-15). "The Aging of the Moors". Chicago Reader. Retrieved 2017-09-17.
- ^ African American Religious Leaders – Jim Haskins, Kathleen Benson. 2008. p. 76.
Bibliography
- Noegel, Scott; Wheeler, Brannon (2010). The A to Z of Prophets in Islam and Judaism. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9781461718956.