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Esposito

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Esposito (Italian pronunciation: [eˈspɔːzito]) is an Italian surname. It ranks fourth among the most widespread surnames in Italy.[1] It is mostly numerous in the Campania region, most specifically, in the Naples area.[2][3] but it has presence even in the rest of Italy.

Etymology and history

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Etymologically, this surname is thought to derive from Latin expositus (Italian esposto, Old Italian or dialect esposito), which is the past participle of the Latin verb exponere ("to place outside", "to expose") and literally means "placed outside", "exposed".[4] In accordance with the original Latin form, the name is correctly pronounced stressing the antepenultimate syllable (i.e. [eˈspɔːzito]); however, it is common among English-speakers to mispronounce it as /ˌɛspəˈzt/ ESP-ə-ZEE-toh, placing the stress on the penultimate.

Italian tradition claims that the surname was given to foundlings who were abandoned or placed for adoption and handed over to an orphanage (an Ospizio degli esposti in Italian, literally a "home or hospice of the exposed").[5] They were called espositi because they would be abandoned and "exposed" in a public place. Some orphanages maintained a so-called Ruota degli esposti (English: "Wheel of the exposed") where abandoned children could be placed. In the 19th century, laws were introduced forbidding the practice of giving surnames that reflected a child's origins.

A crude meaning is bastard or out of wedlock child.

As a surname, Esposito has produced, or is related to, a number of variants throughout modern Italy, such as D'Esposito, Degli Esposti, Esposti, Esposto, Sposito, etc. Other variants are also found in the Spanish-speaking world, for example Expósito.

Notable people

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References

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  1. ^ "I 100 cognomi più diffusi in Italia" (in Italian). Cognomix. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  2. ^ "ESPOSITO Surname Meaning and Family History". Archived from the original on 2009-02-12. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
  3. ^ "Esposito" (in Italian). Gens. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  4. ^ Ottorino Pianigiani, Vocabolario etimologico della lingua italiana, di Ottorino Pianigiani, Roma-Milano, Società editrice Dante Alighieri di Albrighi, Segati e c., 1907
  5. ^ "Trasformazione dell'Ospizio degli Esposti-Revamp of the Ospizio degli Esposti" (in Italian). Biblioteca Salaborsa. Retrieved 27 April 2010.