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Global Initiative on Psychiatry

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Global Initiative on Psychiatry
Formation20 October 1980; 43 years ago (1980-10-20)
FounderGérard Bles
TypeNon-profit
NGO
HeadquartersLorentzweg 45 B 1221 EE, Hilversum, Netherlands
Fieldspsychiatry
1986–present Chief Executive
Robert van Voren, Ph.D.
Subsidiaries
  • Working Group on the Internment of Dissenters in Mental Hospitals;
  • Committee of French Psychiatrists Against the Use of Psychiatry for Political Purposes;
  • German Association Against the Political Abuse of Psychiatry;
  • International Podrabinek Fund;
  • Swiss Association Against Psychiatric Abuse for Political Purposes
Websitewww.gip-global.org

Global Initiative on Psychiatry (GIP) is an international foundation for mental health reform which took part in the campaign against the political abuse of psychiatry in the USSR.[1] The organization is of NGO type.[2]

Headquartered in Hilversum, GIP has regional centers in Tbilisi, Sofia, and Vilnius, and a country office in Dushanbe.[3]

GIP is a main contributor to improving psychiatric care in countries of the former Soviet Union as well as Central and Eastern Europe.[4] It has expanded its focus and as of 2010 is including projects in Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean.[3]

GIP also focuses on the political abuse of psychiatry throughout the world[5] and human rights monitoring.[6]

History

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20 December 1980 saw the formation in Paris of the International Association on the Political Use of Psychiatry (IAPUP) whose first secretary was Dr Gérard Bles of France.[7] Since the Congress in Honolulu in 1978, he has inspired the movement against the use of psychiatry for political ends.[8] The organization campaigned against the political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union[9] by leading efforts within national and international psychiatric organizations to eradicate this systematic abuse.[10] The IAPUP had no connection with any political group nor with antipsychiatry.[11] The organization brought together and coordinated independent groups dedicated to the struggle against political abuse of psychiatry and composed of psychiatrists and human rights activists from Canada, France, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and West Germany.[11] During its first two decades IAPUP, investigated the accusations of oppressive exploitation in a number of countries such as Argentina, Bulgaria, Chile, Czechoslovakia, Cuba, Eastern Germany, Hungary, Romania, South Africa, the Netherlands, and Yugoslavia.[citation needed] The publication of the IAPUP was Information Bulletin.[12] The IAPUP included the following participating committees:[12]

  1. Working Group on the Internment of Dissenters in Mental Hospitals;
  2. Committee of French Psychiatrists Against the Use of Psychiatry for Political Purposes;
  3. German Association Against the Political Abuse of Psychiatry;
  4. International Podrabinek Fund;
  5. Swiss Association Against Psychiatric Abuse for Political Purposes.

In 1986, Robert van Voren became General Secretary of the IAPUP.[13] After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the financing of the IAPUP headed by Robert van Voren ceased until it adopted program of broad compromises and, correspondingly, the opposite name of The International Association for the Abolition and Prevention of Political Psychiatry, or Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry.[14] In 2005, the organization was renamed Global Initiative on Psychiatry (GIP).[15] From 1995 to 2000, Chair of the Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry was James Birley.[16]

Leadership

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The board is composed of professionals from some twenty countries.[17] Chief Executive of the Global Initiative on Psychiatry is Robert van Voren,[18] a Honorary Fellow of the British Royal College of Psychiatrists and Honorary Member of the Ukrainian Psychiatric Association.[19] In 2005, he was knighted by Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands for his work as a human rights activist.[19] He is a professor of Soviet and post-Soviet Studies in the Ilia State University in Tbilisi (Georgia) and in the Vytautas Magnus University in Kaunas (Lithuania).[20]

Approach

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The Global Initiative on Psychiatry uses a local approach to helping the mentally ill in underprivileged countries around the world. In Robert van Voren's words, their idea is that "mental health services should be locally empowered, locally adapted, community based, user oriented, and focused on keeping people with mental illness in society, instead of taking them out."[21] The organization has been involved in deinstitutionalizing mental health services for children in post-Communist countries.[22] The GIP dedicates itself to promoting the necessary reforms to implement "humane, ethical, and effective mental health care throughout the world."[23] Reports by the Global Initiative on Psychiatry are often comprehensive and consider the treatment options.[24] The organization has campaigned with substantial success against poor mental health practices abroad, especially in China and the former communist states.[25] Robert van Voren's contribution to reform of forensic psychiatry in states of the former Soviet Union is widely recognized.[26]

References

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  1. ^ Donskis 2009, p. 314; Leygraf 2010; Narayan 2013
  2. ^ Pallot, Piacentini & Moran 2012, p. 234.
  3. ^ a b GIP 2015.
  4. ^ GIP 2015; Voren 2006
  5. ^ Tobin 2013; Voren 2010b
  6. ^ Voren 2009, p. xii.
  7. ^ Bloch & Reddaway 1985, p. 273.
  8. ^ Besse 2006.
  9. ^ Birley 2000.
  10. ^ Mossialos, Murthy & McDaid 2003.
  11. ^ a b Matas 1989.
  12. ^ a b Wiseberg & Sirett 1982, p. 119.
  13. ^ Voren 2010a, p. 111.
  14. ^ Savenko 2009.
  15. ^ Tobin 2013; Voren 2010b
  16. ^ Birley 2004.
  17. ^ Adler, Mueller & Ayat 1993.
  18. ^ Leygraf 2010; Targum, Chaban & Mykhnyak 2013
  19. ^ a b Donskis 2009, p. 314.
  20. ^ Voren 2013; Clark 2014
  21. ^ Levin 2013.
  22. ^ McLeigh & Sianko 2011.
  23. ^ Banerjee 2012.
  24. ^ Buckingham, Schrage & Cournos 2013.
  25. ^ Richmond 2013.
  26. ^ Gordon 2006.

Sources

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Further reading

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