Bradynobaenidae

Bradynobaenidae
	Apterogyna female, Namibia
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Superfamily:	Tiphioidea
Family:	Bradynobaenidae
Genera
	See text

The Bradynobaenidae are a family of wasps similar to the Mutillidae, differing most visibly in the presence, in females, of a suture separating the pronotum from the mesonotum. These species are often found in arid regions.

Taxonomy

Recent classifications (beginning in 2008) remove two of the constituent subfamilies, both from the New World, to a separate family Chyphotidae, thus restricting true bradynobaenids to the Old World.^[1]^[2]

The retained genera are classified as follows:

Subfamily Apterogyninae

Apterogyna Latreille, 1809
Gynecaptera Skorikov, 1935
Macroocula Panfilov, 1954^[3]
Micatagla Argaman, 1994 (at least 54 living species per Gadallah, et al., 2019)

Subfamily Bradynobaeninae

Bradynobaenus Spinola, 1851

Genera placed in Chyphotidae

Five genera were transferred to Chyphotidae and are no longer considered members of Bradynobaenidae:^[4]

Chyphotes Blake, 1886
Eotilla Schuster, 1949
Prototilla Schuster, 1949
Typhoctes Ashmead, 1899
Typhoctoides Brothers, 1974

References

^ Pilgrim, E.; von Dohlen, C.; Pitts, J. (2008). "Molecular phylogenetics of Vespoidea indicate paraphyly of the superfamily and novel relationships of its component families and subfamilies". Zoologica Scripta. 37 (5): 539–560. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00340.x. S2CID 85905070.
^ Johnson, B.R.; et al. (2013). "Phylogenomics Resolves Evolutionary Relationships among Ants, Bees, and Wasps". Current Biology. 23 (20): 2058–2062. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.08.050. PMID 24094856.
^ Soliman, Ahmed M.; Gadallah, Neveen S.; Al Dhafer, Hathal Mohammed (2018). "An illustrated key to the Saudi Arabian species of the genus Macroocula Panfilov, 1954, with the description of a new species and the previously unknown female of M. andreai Pagliano". ZooKeys (742): 35–56. doi:10.3897/zookeys.742.22854. PMC 5904544. PMID 29670430. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
^ Torréns, Javier; Fidalgo, Patricio; Roig-Alsina, Arturo; Brothers, Dennis J (2014). "Review of the genus Eotilla Schuster, 1949 (Hymenoptera: Bradynobaenidae: Typhoctinae: Eotillini) and description of new species from Argentina". Zootaxa. 3878 (1): 1–18. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3878.1.1. hdl:11336/29726.

External links

"Bradynobaenidae". Tree of Life Web Project. March 19, 2004. Retrieved October 8, 2010.

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[Pilgrim2008-1] Pilgrim, E.; von Dohlen, C.; Pitts, J. (2008). "Molecular phylogenetics of Vespoidea indicate paraphyly of the superfamily and novel relationships of its component families and subfamilies". Zoologica Scripta. 37 (5): 539–560. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00340.x. S2CID 85905070.

[Johnson2013-2] Johnson, B.R.; et al. (2013). "Phylogenomics Resolves Evolutionary Relationships among Ants, Bees, and Wasps". Current Biology. 23 (20): 2058–2062. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.08.050. PMID 24094856.

[3] Soliman, Ahmed M.; Gadallah, Neveen S.; Al Dhafer, Hathal Mohammed (2018). "An illustrated key to the Saudi Arabian species of the genus Macroocula Panfilov, 1954, with the description of a new species and the previously unknown female of M. andreai Pagliano". ZooKeys (742): 35–56. doi:10.3897/zookeys.742.22854. PMC 5904544. PMID 29670430. Retrieved 3 April 2018.

[Torréns2014-4] Torréns, Javier; Fidalgo, Patricio; Roig-Alsina, Arturo; Brothers, Dennis J (2014). "Review of the genus Eotilla Schuster, 1949 (Hymenoptera: Bradynobaenidae: Typhoctinae: Eotillini) and description of new species from Argentina". Zootaxa. 3878 (1): 1–18. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3878.1.1. hdl:11336/29726.

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