Mohammad Reza Aref
Mohammad Reza Aref (Persian: محمدرضا عارف, born 19 December 1951) is an Iranian engineer, academic and reformist politician who is the eighth and current first vice president of Iran since 2024, under President Masoud Pezeshkian.[3][4] He is also currently member of the Expediency Discernment Council since 2002.
He was the parliamentary leader of reformists' Hope fraction in the Iranian Parliament, representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr. Aref has also been heading the Reformists' Supreme Council for Policymaking since its establishment in 2015.[5]
He was the second first vice president from 2001 to 2005 under Mohammad Khatami.[6] He previously served as Minister Information and Communications Technology and head of Management and Planning Organization in Khatami's first cabinet. He was a member of Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution until 2021. He is also an electrical engineer and a professor at University of Tehran and Sharif University of Technology. He was a candidate in the 2013 presidential election but withdrew his candidacy in order to give the reformist camp a better chance to win.[7][8]
Early life and education
[edit]Aref was born on 19 December 1951 in Yazd.[9][10][11] His father, Mirza Ahmad Aref, was a famous businessman.
He received a bachelor's degree in electronics engineering from the University of Tehran, and a master's degree and a PhD in electrical and communication engineering from Stanford University in 1975, 1976 and 1980, respectively.[9] His PhD thesis was on the information theory of networks, supervised by Thomas M. Cover.[12] He introduced and analyzed deterministic relay networks which is later termed as Aref Networks.[13] During his education at Tehran University, he led many protests and was arrested by SAVAK prior to the Iranian Revolution.
Career
[edit]During his political career, Aref has held important positions in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Following the Islamic Revolution, he began his political career. His first major political post was in 1981 when he became vice president of communication company. He later became acting president of the company in 1983 and became deputy minister of science on the following year. Aref was a faculty member of Isfahan University of Technology until 1994.
Aref, who was a professor at University of Tehran, was elected as its chancellor in 1994.[9] He began his career with creating Faculty of Social Sciences and also Institute of Geophysics. After his appointment as minister of technology, Aref was resigned as chancellor of the Tehran University in 1997.[9]
After Mohammad Khatami was elected as President of Iran, he nominated Aref as the minister of post, telegraph, and telephone that was later renamed to minister of communications and information technology. He became the first head of management and planning organization in 2000 after resigned as Minister of Communication.
Khatami was reelected in 2001 and his former vice president Hassan Habibi resigned immediately after the election. After Habibi's resignation, he appointed Aref as his First Vice President.[11] He served in this post until September 2005 and was succeeded by Parviz Dawoodi after the election of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Then, he served as a professor in the department of electrical engineering at Sharif University of Technology, offering courses on cryptography, coding theory, estimation theory and Information Theory. He is currently one of the members of the Expediency Discernment Council that is an advisory unit for Iran's Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei.[11]
He was nominated for parliamentary election of 2008 as the reformist front's first in the list but he withdrew to protest the rejection of some candidates by the Guardian Council.[14] In June 2013, Aref announced that he together with other reformist figures was planning to launch a national party, namely Hope of Iran.[15] On the other hand, Iran's president-elect Hassan Rouhani stated that Aref will be one of his cabinet members.[16] However, Aref rejected Rouhani's invite for a political post (Vice Presidency or Ministry of Science) to focus on his party's establishment. He also announced his interest in becoming one of Rouhani's advisers in politics and human rights.
2013 presidential election
[edit]
Aref was one of the potential candidates for the presidential elections held in June 2013.[11] He said that he would not stand if Khatami ran but after Khatami declined, Aref announced that he would run in the election. He registered on 11 May 2013 and was confirmed by the Guardian Council. His major goals were lowering the unemployment rate and resolving high inflation. He pledged an extra 1 million jobs annually, which would include 200 thousand jobs from tourism development. He also added that if elected, his administration would bolster Iran's international relations and would find a "political solution" to closing the "[nuclear] dossier once and for all". Aref said he would remain "committed to the law" throughout the election process, promising to implement an economic plan to propel the country out of inflation and to achieve development and progress.[17] Aref censured the foreign policy of the Ahmadinejad's administration, vowing to improve Iran's diplomatic ties with other countries if elected president. He added that the next administration can have friendly ties with the world and improve the conditions in the country through such relations. Aref also said he would pursue and implement plans to further the presence and participation of the youth in various arenas of the country.[citation needed] Vowing to tackle unemployment, Aref said he aimed all-out development in various political, cultural, economical and social fields.
"By implementing the subsidy reform plan I will put bread on the tables. I have come to eradicate inflation and create one million job opportunities every year",[citation needed]
Aref also said he is a reformist and reform means safeguarding the ideals of the Islamic Revolution, accountability and encouraging popular participation.[citation needed] He also called for investigation of alleged fraud in the 2009 election and trial of effects in Death of Neda Agha Soltan and other deaths in the protests.
Aref announced his decision to drop out of the election in a statement issued late on 11 June, in which he said the decision was made after he received suggestions from former President Mohammad Khatami, who advised to stand aside.[18][19] He also called on the Iranian people to vote en masse in the upcoming presidential election to create a political epic and maintain the dignity of the Islamic Republic of Iran.[20]
2016 legislative election
[edit]On 4 November 2014, Aref announced he would run for Parliament of Iran in the 2016 election from Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr district. He officially ran for the seat on 22 December 2015. He was also named as the Pervasive Coalition of Reformists' head list.
He was elected to the Parliament with 1,608,926 votes which was the highest in the election. All other 29 Reformists candidates also run to the parliament, the first time since 1980 that all candidates are run from same party in Tehran district.
Personal life
[edit]Aref married Hamideh Moravvej Farshi in 1976.[21] Hamideh has a PhD in dermatology and also works at the ministry of science. They have three sons.
In 2017, his son Hamid Reza said in an interview "I'm proud that [my] capabilities come from 'good genes'...", which sparked controversy.[22]
References
[edit]- ^ "A look at Iranian newspaper front pages". Iran Front Page. 26 October 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
- ^ Buchta, Wilfried (2000), Who rules Iran?: the structure of power in the Islamic Republic, Washington DC: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, The Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, p. 180, ISBN 0-944029-39-6
- ^ "Pezeshkian names Aref as first vice president". Tehran Times. 28 July 2024. Retrieved 28 July 2024.
- ^ "Mohammad Reza Aref appointed as 1st VP". president.ir. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
- ^ "Iranian Reformists and February Parliamentary Elections", Iranian Diplomacy, 13 November 2015, retrieved 24 April 2017
- ^ Political posts of Mohammad-Reza Aref Archived 14 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Aref withdrew from the election".
- ^ "Iran's Mohammad Reza Aref quits presidential race". BBC News. 11 June 2013. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
- ^ a b c d "Biographies of Eight Qualified Candidates for Iran Presidential Election". Iran Review. 22 May 2013. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
- ^ Dr Aref Maslehat
- ^ a b c d "Mohammad Reza Aref". Iran Election Watch. Archived from the original on 4 February 2013. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
- ^ "Information flow in relay networks".
- ^ Ratnakar, N.; Kramer, G. (2006), "The multicast capacity of deterministic relay networks with no interference", IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 52 (6): 2425–2432, doi:10.1109/TIT.2006.874431, S2CID 14022387
- ^ Bozorgmehr, Najmeh (7 February 2008). "Khatami calls Iran poll disqualifications a 'disaster'". Financial Times. Tehran. Retrieved 21 June 2013.
- ^ "Iranian Reformist Candidate, President-Elect Explore Forming New Party". Payvand. Radio Zamaneh. 29 June 2013. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
- ^ "Who Might Serve in Rowhani's Cabinet?". Iran's View. 22 June 2013. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
- ^ Al Jazeera, Candidates profile
- ^ Pedram, Ali M. (12 June 2013). "Iran: Khatami returns to front-line politics". Asharq Alawsat. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
- ^ Iran’s Aref Quits Presidency Race to Focus Reform Vote on Rohani Bloomberg
- ^ عارف فقط انصراف داد
- ^ Who will be next First Lady? Archived 6 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Golnaz Esfandiari (5 September 2017), "Firestorm in Iran As Politician's Son Credits 'Good Genes' For His Success", Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, retrieved 5 September 2017
External links
[edit]
- Official website
(in English)
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- 1951 births
- Living people
- Stanford University School of Engineering alumni
- University of Tehran alumni
- Iranian electrical engineers
- First vice presidents of Iran
- Government ministers of Iran
- Iranian Vice Ministers
- Academic staff of Sharif University of Technology
- Academic staff of the University of Tehran
- Chancellors of the University of Tehran
- People from Yazd
- Members of the Expediency Discernment Council
- Candidates for President of Iran
- Members of the 10th Islamic Consultative Assembly
- Heads of reformist fractions in Islamic Consultative Assembly
- Islamic Iran Participation Front politicians
- Members of the Reformists' Supreme Council for Policymaking
- Iranian campaign managers
- Academy of Sciences of Iran members