Timeline of Plovdiv

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

Prior to 20th century

342 BCE – Philip II of Macedon conquered the Thracian settlement Pulpudeva and renamed it "Philippopolis."^[1]
2nd C. CE – Roman theatre built by Emperor Trajan.^[1]
250/251 CE – Battle of Philippopolis; town sacked by Goths.^[1]
340's – Christian church council held in Philippopolis.
836 – Town becomes part of the First Bulgarian Empire under Khan Malamir.^[1]
971 – John I Tzimiskes captures Philippopolis in his campaign against Sviatoslav I.
1205 –Philippopolis surrenders to Kaloyan of Bulgaria.^[2]^[3]
1208 – June: Battle of Philippopolis (1208).
1262 – Byzantines under Michael VIII retook the city.
1323 – Tatar forces attempted unsuccessful siege.^[4]^[3]
1344 – Anna of Savoy ceded the city to Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria.
1363 – City taken by Turkish forces under Lala Şahin Pasha.^[5]
1364 – Ottomans in power; town renamed "Filibe".^[1]
1420's – Great Mosque built.^[6]
1440's – Imaret Mosque [bg] built.^[6]
1818 – Earthquake.^[3]
1832 – Church of St Constantine and Helena rebuilt.^[1]
1835 – St. Nicholas church, Plovdiv [bg] rebuilt.
1836 – St. Petka Church school established.^[1]
1844 – Church of the Holy Mother of God, Plovdiv rebuilt.
1846 – Fire.^[3]
1847 – Textile factory in operation.^[7]
1856 – St. Marina church [bg] rebuilt.
1861 – Cathedral of St Louis built.
1870 - Plovdiv Central railway station opened.
1875 – Greek Zariphios School established.^[8]
1878
- Battle of Philippopolis (1878).^[3]
- City becomes capital of Eastern Roumelia per the Congress of Berlin.^[1]
- Danov publisher in business.
- Tomasian tobacco manufacturer in business (approximate date).^[9]
1879 – Naroden Glas newspaper in publication.^(bg)^{[citation needed]}
1881 – International Theatre Luxembourg opens.^[8]
1882 – Plovdiv Regional Archaeological Museum [bg] opens.^[10]
1885
- "Bloodless revolution at Philippopolis."^[11]
- Еко де Балкан (1885) [bg] newspaper published.
1886 – November: "State of siege at Philippopolis on account of brigandage and Russian agency."^[11]
1891 – City master plan approved.^[8]
1892
- August: "First Bulgarian exhibition" opens.^[11]
- Exhibition Park laid out.^[3]
- Plovdiv Synagogue built.^[12]
1893
- "Socialist organization" founded by Dimiter Blagoev.^[1]
- Population: 41,068.^[13]

20th century

1906
- Anti-Greek unrest.^[8]
- Population: 45,572.^[3]
1908 – Plovdiv Central railway station built.
1909 – Pathé cinema opens.^[8]
1910 – Population: 47,981.^[14]
1912 – Amer Gaazi Dzami (mosque) demolished.^[8]
1917 – Plovdiv Regional Ethnographic Museum established.
1921 – FC Maritsa Plovdiv (football club) formed.
1926 – Todor Diev Stadium opens.
1928 – April: 1928 Chirpan–Plovdiv earthquakes.^[8]
1932 – Тодор Александров (1932) [bg] newspaper begins publication.
1934
- Annual Plovdiv Fair begins.^[1]
- Population: 99,883.
1938 - Plovdiv Regional Ethnographic Museum new location.
1940 – 1940 Bulgaria tobacco strike [bg].
1945
- Plovdiv Medical University founded.
- Plovdiv Philharmonic Orchestra established.
1947 – FC Spartak Plovdiv (football club) and Detska Kitka Choir [1] formed.
1950 – Plovdiv Stadium built.
1951 – Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum established.
1953
- 1953 Plovdiv strike [bg].
- Opera house established.^[15]
1955 – Trolleybus begins operating.
1956 – Population: 161,836.
1957 – Alyosha Monument, Plovdiv erected.
1960 – Plovdiv Regional Museum of Natural History [bg] founded.
1961 – Hristo Botev Stadium (Plovdiv) opens.
1964
- Academy of Music, Dance and Fine Arts (Plovdiv) [bg] established.
- Population: 203,800.^[16]
1965 – Plovdiv Airport new terminal opens.
1972 – Plovdiv University "Paisii Hilendarski" active.^[17]
1981 – Expo 81 held in city.
1985 – Population: 342,131.
1987 – Administrative Plovdiv okrug (province) created.^[18]
1991
- Maritsa newspaper begins publication.^[19]
- Museum of Aviation, Plovdiv [bg] founded.
1993 – Population: 345,205 (estimate).^[20]
1999 – Ivan Chomakov becomes mayor.

21st century

2005 – "Night of museums" begins.
2007 – Slavcho Atanasov becomes mayor.
2011 – Ivan Totev [bg] becomes mayor.
2013 – Population: 341,041.
2014 – February: Anti-Muslim unrest.^[21]
2019 – European Capital of Culture

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Mihailov 1986.
^ John Van Antwerp Fine Jr. (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-08260-5.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Britannica 1910.
^ István Vásáry (2005). Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-44408-8.
^ Donald M. Nicol (1993). The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261-1453. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43991-6.
^ ^a ^b Andrew Petersen (1996). "Bulgaria". Dictionary of Islamic Architecture. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-61366-3.
^ Bloom 2009.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Kiossev 2006.
^ Mary C. Neuburger (2012). Balkan Smoke: Tobacco and the Making of Modern Bulgaria. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-6550-5.
^ "Музеи" [Museums]. Plovdiv.bg (in Bulgarian). Plovdiv Municipality. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
^ ^a ^b ^c Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Roumelia, Turkey", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776
^ Jewish Encyclopedia 1907.
^ Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1899). "Turkey: Tributary States: Bulgaria". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590550.
^ "Bulgaria". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via HathiTrust.
^ Jim Samson (2013). Music in the Balkans. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-25038-3.
^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966.
^ Walter Rüegg, ed. (2011). "Universities founded in Europe between 1945 and 1995". Universities Since 1945. History of the University in Europe. Vol. 4. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-49425-0.
^ Raymond Detrez (2015). Historical Dictionary of Bulgaria (3rd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4422-4180-0.
^ "Bulgaria". Europa World Year Book 2003. Europa Publications. 10 July 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-227-5.
^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1995 Demographic Yearbook. New York: United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division. 1997. pp. 262–321.
^ Bulgarian police detain 120 after mosque attack, Reuters, 14 February 2014

This article incorporates information from the Bulgarian Wikipedia and German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

"Philippopolis", Handbook for Travellers in Turkey (3rd ed.), London: J. Murray, 1854, OCLC 2145740
"Filibe", Bradshaw's Hand-Book to the Turkish Empire, vol. 1: Turkey in Europe, London: W.J. Adams, c. 1872
"Philippopel", Türkei, Rumänien, Serbien, Bulgarien [Turkey, Romania, Serbia, Bulgaria], Meyers Reisebücher (in German) (6th ed.), Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut, 1902, hdl:2027/njp.32101064637836
"Philippopolis", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 9, New York, 1907, hdl:2027/osu.32435029752862{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
"Philippopolis" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 400.
British Admiralty, Naval Intelligence Division (1920), "Gazetteer of Towns: Philippopolis", Handbook of Bulgaria, London: His Majesty's Stationery Office
Dimiter Mihailov & Pancho Smolenov (1986). "Plovdiv". Bulgaria: a Guide. Translated by E. Yanev & R. Yossifova. Sofia: Collet's, Sofia Press – via Internet Archive. (fulltext)
Alexander Kiossev [in Bulgarian] (2006). "Plovdiv". In Marcel Cornis-Pope; John Neubauer (eds.). History of the Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe. John Benjamins. pp. 124–144. ISBN 978-90-272-9340-4.
Jonathan Bloom; Sheila Blair, eds. (2009). "Plovdiv". Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-530991-1.

External links

Items related to Plovdiv, various dates, via Europeana.
Items related to Plovdiv, various dates, via Digital Public Library of America.

[FOOTNOTEMihailov1986-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Mihailov 1986.

[fine1994-2] John Van Antwerp Fine Jr. (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-08260-5.

[FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Britannica 1910.

[Vásáry2005-4] István Vásáry (2005). Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-44408-8.

[Nicol1993-5] Donald M. Nicol (1993). The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261-1453. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43991-6.

[Petersen1996-6] Andrew Petersen (1996). "Bulgaria". Dictionary of Islamic Architecture. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-61366-3.

[FOOTNOTEBloom2009-7] Bloom 2009.

[FOOTNOTEKiossev2006-8] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Kiossev 2006.

[Neuburger2012-9] Mary C. Neuburger (2012). Balkan Smoke: Tobacco and the Making of Modern Bulgaria. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-6550-5.

[museums-10] "Музеи" [Museums]. Plovdiv.bg (in Bulgarian). Plovdiv Municipality. Retrieved 30 November 2015.

[haydn1910-11] Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Roumelia, Turkey", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776

[FOOTNOTEJewish_Encyclopedia1907-12] Jewish Encyclopedia 1907.

[13] Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1899). "Turkey: Tributary States: Bulgaria". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590550.

[14] "Bulgaria". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via HathiTrust.

[Samson2013-15] Jim Samson (2013). Music in the Balkans. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-25038-3.

[16] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966.

[Ruegg2011-17] Walter Rüegg, ed. (2011). "Universities founded in Europe between 1945 and 1995". Universities Since 1945. History of the University in Europe. Vol. 4. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-49425-0.

[Detrez2015-18] Raymond Detrez (2015). Historical Dictionary of Bulgaria (3rd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4422-4180-0.

[europa2003-19] "Bulgaria". Europa World Year Book 2003. Europa Publications. 10 July 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-227-5.

[20] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1995 Demographic Yearbook. New York: United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division. 1997. pp. 262–321.

[21] Bulgarian police detain 120 after mosque attack, Reuters, 14 February 2014

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