Benjamin ben Judah
Benjamin ben Judah of Rome (c. 1290-1335), a member of the prominent Bozecco family, was a Biblical exegete, grammarian, and philosopher. He was the disciple of Joab ben Benjamin ben Solomon. Although his activity lay in the fields of exegesis and grammar, Dov Yarden argues that the poet Immanuel of Rome represents him as an accomplished scientist and philosopher.[1]
Works
[edit]- A commentary on Chronicles and Proverbs, still extant in manuscript (Codex de Rossi, 3081, 691, 7283; Paris, 2143; Oxford, 2212, 3641, 7143), in which he endeavors to avoid all haggadic explanations, condemning them and adhering to the literal interpretation based upon grammar and lexicography (he frequently quotes Ibn Ganaḥ, Ibn Ezra, and Ḳimḥi, who served him as models). Heinrich Berger published the commentary to Proverbs, based on the Munich manuscript, in Pressburg, 1901 (on Otzar).[2]
- A commentary on Kings which is preserved starting 1 Kings 7:15 (Codex Angelica 1, Parma 2728 f. 37-50).[3]
- Glosses to the greater part of the Bible (compare Berliner, in "Hebr. Bibl." 14:69).
- Mavo Qaẓar le-Torat ha-Higgui, an introduction to Hebrew pronunciation which was published as an introduction to Moses Ḳimḥi's Sefer ha-Dikdukim.
- Mavo, a grammatical work first published as an introduction to Moses Kimhi's Mahalakh (found 140 years earlier in manuscript as an introduction to Abraham ibn Ezra's Tzachot and Moz'nayim) enjoyed great success and was often reprinted. A commentary on the same work was not attributed, leading to the misimpression that it was also written by Benjamin b. Judah until it was claimed by Elia Levita, who, not knowing the true origin of the introduction, accused Benjamin b. Judah (dead 170 years) of having stolen the commentary for profit.
- Mavo haDikduk, a revised version and extensive summation of the former book, published by S. Loewinger in 1931.
- Heinrich Berger attributed a commentary on Ezra–Nehemiah to him in 1895,[4] but this attribution had already been disproven by H. J. Matthews in 1882.[5]
- Various piyyutim.[6]
- H.J. Matthews suggests that comments to Nevi'im and Ketuvim in the name of זא"ב are to be attributed to Benjamin b. Judah or one of his students. These comments are in his efficient, grammatical style and skip over the sections (Chronicles, Proverbs, 1 Kings 1:1-7:14) on which b. Judah has known commentaries.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ Machberot Immanuel XII:Yarden says (pg. 35, 229) that "Judah" is Judah ben Moses Romano and "Benjamin" is "Benjamin Bozecco, Judah Romano's elderly friend".
הָיָה יְהוּדָה גּוּר אַרְיֵה בְּאַחַת מִן הֶעָרִים
וְאִתּוֹ לְחֶבְרָתוֹ אֶחָד מִבְּנֵי הַשּׂרִים
וְלוֹ יָד וָשֵׁם בְּכָל אַרְבָּעָה וְעֶשְׂרִים
בִּנְיָמִין שְׁמוֹ בַּעַל מִדּוֹת נִכְבָּדוֹת
וְלוֹ בְּכָל חָכְמָה עֶשֶׂר יָדוֹת
הוּא הָיָה אֲבִי כָּל חָכְמֵי הַמִּסְפָּר וְהַתִּשְׁבֹּרֶת
וְרִאשׁוֹן לְמִקְרָא וּלְמָסֹרֶת
וּלְמַעֲלוֹתָיו וּלְחָכְמוֹתָיו אֵין מִסְפָּר
וְאִישׁ לֹא יִרְאֵהוּ בְעֵינָיו לֹא יַאֲמִין כִּי יְסֻפָּר - ^ ברומה.), בנימין בן יהודה (ממשפחת הענוים; מהענוים, בנימין בן יהודה (1901). פירוש על ספר משלי (in Hebrew). דפוס אדולף אלקלעי.
- ^ "פרוש נביאים לרי"ד". www.nli.org.il. Retrieved 2022-08-18. The Parma manuscript contains the commentary of Isaiah di Trani through 1 Kings 7:14, where it apparently cut off. The copyist then writes, "Until here I copied from the commentary of Isaiah; [what follows is a] completion from the commentary of Benjamin b. Judah:" which may imply it is an extract from an originally full-length commentary. The Angelica manuscript, by contrast, writes "Completion of the commentary, on which Isaiah did not comment; I undertook to complete it; I am Benjamin b. Judah." Glosses to di Trani's commentary to 1 Kings 1:1-7:14 are found in the name of זא"ב, v.i.
- ^ פרוש על עזרא ונחמיה (in Hebrew). צבי הירש איטצקאווסקי. 1895.
- ^ Anecdota Oxoniensia: Semitic series. Clarendon Press. 1882.
- ^ "Bozecco (Bozecchi), Benjamin ben Judah". Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2022-08-18.
- ^ Matthews, Henry Johanan (1877). "בנימין זאב יטרף". Israelitische letterbode IV. M. Roest.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: 1901 Jewish Encyclopedia