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In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Maratovna and the family name is Kabaeva.

Alina Kabaeva
Алина Кабаева
Kabaeva in 2005
Personal information
Full nameAlina Maratovna Kabaeva
Country represented Russia
Born (1983-05-12) 12 May 1983 (age 41)
Tashkent, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union
(now Tashkent, Uzbekistan)
ResidenceMoscow, Russia
Height166 cm (5 ft 5 in)
Weight50 kg (110 lb)
DisciplineRhythmic gymnastics
Years on national team1996–2007
ClubMGFSO Dynamo
Head coach(es)Irina Viner
Assistant coach(es)Vera Shatalina
ChoreographerVeronica Shatkova
Eponymous skillsBackscale pivots
Retired2007
Medal record
Rhythmic gymnastics
Representing  Russia
Event 1st 2nd 3rd
Olympic Games 1 0 1
World Championships 9 3 2
European Championships 15 3 3
European Team Championships 3 0 0
World Cup Final 5 1 0
Grand Prix Final 4 1 1
Goodwill Games 4 1 0
Total 41 9 7
Olympic Games
Gold medal – first place 2004 Athens All-around
Bronze medal – third place 2000 Sydney All-around
World Championships
Gold medal – first place 1999 Osaka All-around
Gold medal – first place 1999 Osaka Team
Gold medal – first place 1999 Osaka Ball
Gold medal – first place 1999 Osaka Ribbon
Gold medal – first place 2003 Budapest All-around
Gold medal – first place 2003 Budapest Team
Gold medal – first place 2003 Budapest Ball
Gold medal – first place 2003 Budapest Ribbon
Gold medal – first place 2007 Patras Team
Silver medal – second place 1999 Osaka Rope
Silver medal – second place 1999 Osaka Hoop
Silver medal – second place 2003 Budapest Hoop
Bronze medal – third place 2003 Budapest Clubs
Bronze medal – third place 2007 Patras Ribbon
Disqualified 2001 Madrid All-around
Disqualified 2001 Madrid Rope
Disqualified 2001 Madrid Ball
Disqualified 2001 Madrid Hoop
Disqualified 2001 Madrid Clubs
Disqualified 2001 Madrid Team
European Championships
Gold medal – first place 1998 Porto All-around
Gold medal – first place 1999 Budapest All-around
Gold medal – first place 1999 Budapest Hoop
Gold medal – first place 2000 Zaragoza All-around
Gold medal – first place 2000 Zaragoza Team
Gold medal – first place 2000 Zaragoza Hoop
Gold medal – first place 2000 Zaragoza Ball
Gold medal – first place 2000 Zaragoza Ribbon
Gold medal – first place 2001 Geneva Hoop
Gold medal – first place 2001 Geneva Ball
Gold medal – first place 2001 Geneva Clubs
Gold medal – first place 2002 Granada All-around
Gold medal – first place 2002 Granada Team
Gold medal – first place 2004 Kyiv All-around
Gold medal – first place 2004 Kyiv Team
Silver medal – second place 1999 Budapest Ribbon
Silver medal – second place 2001 Geneva Rope
Silver medal – second place 2006 Moscow All-around
Bronze medal – third place 1998 Porto Team
Bronze medal – third place 1999 Budapest Rope
Bronze medal – third place 2000 Zaragoza Rope
European Team Championships
Gold medal – first place 1999 Patras Team
Gold medal – first place 2001 Riesa Team
Gold medal – first place 2003 Moscow Team
World Cup Final
Gold medal – first place 2000 Glasgow Rope
Gold medal – first place 2000 Glasgow Ball
Gold medal – first place 2000 Glasgow Ribbon
Gold medal – first place 2004 Moscow Hoop
Gold medal – first place 2004 Moscow Ribbon
Silver medal – second place 2000 Glasgow Hoop
Grand Prix Final
Gold medal – first place 1998 Linz All-around
Gold medal – first place 1999 Korneuburg Hoop
Gold medal – first place 1999 Korneuburg Ball
Gold medal – first place 1999 Korneuburg Ribbon
Gold medal – first place 2001 Deventer All-around
Gold medal – first place 2001 Deventer Hoop
Gold medal – first place 2001 Deventer Ball
Silver medal – second place 1999 Korneuburg All-around
Silver medal – second place 2001 Deventer Rope
Bronze medal – third place 2000 Deventer Ribbon
Goodwill Games
Gold medal – first place 1998 New York All-around
Gold medal – first place 1998 New York Clubs
Gold medal – first place 1998 New York Ribbon
Gold medal – first place 1998 New York Hoop
Silver medal – second place 1998 New York Rope
Disqualified 2001 Brisbane All-around
Disqualified 2001 Brisbane Ball
Disqualified 2001 Brisbane Clubs
Disqualified 2001 Brisbane Rope
Disqualified 2001 Brisbane Hoop
Member of the State Duma for Nizhnekamsk
In office
12 February 2007 – 15 September 2014
Personal details
Political partyUnited Russia

Alina Maratovna Kabaeva or Kabayeva[1] (Russian: Алина Маратовна Кабаева, pronounced [ɐˈlʲinə mɐˈratəvnə kɐˈbajɪvə]; Tatar: Әлинә Марат кызы Кабаева; born 12 May 1983) is a Russian politician, media manager and retired individual rhythmic gymnast, who has been designated Honoured Master of Sports by the Russian government.[2][3][4][5]

Kabaeva is one of the most decorated gymnasts in rhythmic gymnastic history, with 2 Olympic medals, 14 World Championship medals, and 21 European Championship medals. She is reportedly the longtime partner of Russian president Vladimir Putin.[6][7]

From 2007 to 2014, Kabaeva was a State Duma deputy from United Russia. In September 2014, Kabaeva became the chairwoman of the board of directors of the National Media Group [ru].

Early life and family

Kabaeva was born on 12 May 1983 in Tashkent, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union,[2] the daughter of Lyubov Kabaeva and Marat Kabayev, a professional football player.[8] Her father is a Muslim Tatar[9] and her mother is Russian.[8] Her younger sister, Leysan Kabaeva, is the general director of a real estate agency and in 2016 was appointed as a judge of the Almetyevsk City Court in Tatarstan by Russian president Vladimir Putin.[10] Due to Marat's career, the family often travelled to different places in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Russia.[8]

Rhythmic gymnastics career

Early career

Kabaeva started rhythmic gymnastics at age three, with coach Margarita Samuilovna.[11] In 1993, she represented Kazakhstan at an international competition in Japan.[12][13][14]

In her early teens, Kabaeva moved to Moscow, where her mother took her to the Russian head coach, Irina Viner.[15]

1996–1999

Kabaeva at the 1999 European Championships

Kabaeva stayed with Viner, and made her international debut representing Russia in 1996. The 15-year-old Kabaeva won the 1998 European Championships in Portugal. At the time, she was the youngest member of the Russian squad, competing alongside internationally recognized teammates Amina Zaripova and Yana Batyrshina as well as Irina Tchachina. Kabaeva then became the 1999 European Champion in Hungary, and won the 1999 World Title in Osaka, Japan. Kabaeva went on to win a total of 5 All-Around titles at the European Championships.

At the 2000 Sydney Olympics, in Australia, Kabaeva was expected to claim Gold in All-Around; however, due to an error in an otherwise exceptional performance—she dropped her hoop, and ran to retrieve it outside of the competition area—Kabaeva won the bronze medal, with the final score of 39.466 (Rope 9.925, Hoop 9.641, Ball 9.950, Ribbon 9.950). Belarus's Yulia Raskina took the silver medal, while fellow Russian teammate, Yulia Barsukova, won the Olympic gold medal.[16][17][18]

2001–2004

(L–R) Alina Kabaeva (bronze), Yulia Barsukova (gold) and Yulia Raskina (silver) at 2000 Olympic Games podium

At the 2001 World Championships in Madrid, Spain, Kabaeva won the gold medal for the Ball, Clubs, Hoop, Rope, the Individual All-Around, and the Team competitions. At the 2001 Goodwill Games in Brisbane, Australia, Kabaeva won the gold medal for the Ball, Clubs, and Rope competitions, and the Silver in the Individual All-Around, and Hoop. However, Kabaeva and her teammate, Irina Tchachina, tested positive to a banned diuretic (furosemide), and were stripped of their medals.[19]

Viner, the Russian head coach, who also served as the Vice President of the FIG Rhythmic Gymnastics Technical Committee at the time, said her gymnasts had been taking a food supplement called "Hyper", that contained mild diuretics, which, according to Viner, the gymnasts were taking for premenstrual syndrome. When the supply ran out shortly before the Goodwill Games, the team physiotherapist restocked at a local pharmacy. According to Viner, the supplement sold there was fake and contained furosemide. The Committee requested that the Goodwill Games Organizing Committee nullify Kabaeva and Tchachina's results. The FIG also nullified their results from the World Championships in Madrid, causing Ukraine's Tamara Yerofeeva to be declared the 2001 world champion.[19] Kabaeva was not allowed to participate in competitions from August 2001 to August 2002. Her first international competition after the ban was the 2002 European Championships, where she took first place in the individual all-around.

Kabaeva gained the 2003 World Title in Budapest, Hungary.[20] Kabaeva won the All-Around Gold Medal at the 2003 World Championships, as well as the event final in Ribbon and Ball ahead of Anna Bessonova from Ukraine.

In 2004, Kabaeva won the All-Around Gold at the 2004 European Championships in Kyiv, Ukraine. At the 2004 Athens Olympics, Greece, Kabaeva won the gold medal in the Individual All-Around for Rhythmic Gymnastics, with a score of 108.400 (Hoop 26.800, Ball 27.350, Clubs 27.150, Ribbon 27.100), the Silver Medal went to her teammate, Irina Tchachina.[21][18]

2005–2007

President Vladimir Putin presented Kabaeva with the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", IV degree, in 2005

In October 2004, Kabaeva announced her retirement from the sport.[22] However, in June 2005, the Russian Head Coach Irina Viner announced a possible comeback.[23] Kabaeva resumed her sport career at an Italy-Russia friendly competition in Genoa, on 10 September 2005.[24] On 5 March 2006, Kabaeva won the Gazprom Moscow Grand Prix, with fellow Russians Vera Sessina and Olga Kapranova, taking the Second and Third places.[25] Kabaeva won the silver medal in All-Around at the 2006 European Championships, behind teammate, Sessina.

At the 2007 European Championships in Baku, Azerbaijan; Kabaeva, Sessina, and Kapranova were chosen to represent Russia. However, on the eve of the competition, Kabaeva withdrew due to an injury. Viner selected rising upcoming gymnast Evgenia Kanaeva from Russia's National Team as the replacement.[26] Kabaeva finished fourth in all-around qualifications at the 2007 World Championships but did not advance into the finals due to the two per country rule, with Vera Sessina and Olga Kapranova placing ahead of her.[27] Kabaeva did qualify for the ribbon final where she won a bronze medal behind Sessina and Ukraine's Anna Bessonova.[28]

2008 Beijing Olympics

The plans for Kabaeva's participation in the 2008 Olympics[29][30][31] were repeatedly announced, but this did not happen.

Doping scandal

In 2001, Kabaeva and Irina Chashchina were convicted of using furosemide, as a result of which both were disqualified for two years. The athletes were stripped of all the awards of the 2001 Goodwill Games and World Cup. From August 2001 to August 2002, these gymnasts were not allowed to take part in any competitions. The second year of disqualification was given conditionally; that is, they were allowed to compete in official tournaments, but the strictest control was established over them.[32]

Contributions to rhythmic gymnastics

Kabaeva revolutionized rhythmic gymnastics as one of the few gymnasts to have performed new skills and elements, including the back split pivot with hand help (also known as "The Kabaeva"), the ring position with a slow full turn, and the backscale pivot that she first performed.[33]

Rhythmic gymnastic achievements

Detailed Olympic results

Kabaeva at the 2001 World Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships
Year Competition Description Location Music[35] Apparatus Score-Final Score-Qualifying
2004 Olympics Athens All-around 108.400 105.875
Sphynx by Giampiero Ponte Ribbon 27.100 26.100
Syrtaki by D. Moutsis Ball 27.350 27.250
Carmen's entrance and Habanera
by Georges Bizet 		Hoop 26.800 26.050
Sphynx (Club Mix) by Giampiero Ponte, Moran Clubs 27.150 26.475
Year Competition Description Location Music Apparatus Score-Final Score-Qualifying
2000 Olympics Sydney All-around 39.466 39.691
Dilorom / Yor Yor
by Yulduz Usmanova and Shahzod 		Ribbon 9.950 9.925
Felicia by Luis Bravo Ball 9.950 9.925
Les Toreadors by Georges Bizet Hoop 9.651 9.925
Tsyganochka Rope 9.925 9.916

Routine music information

Post-retirement

Kabaeva was among the six Russian athlete torch bearers who carried the Olympic flame through Fisht Stadium during the Opening Ceremony of the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics. Her selection as a torch bearer generated controversy in the international media because of her alleged close relationship with President Vladimir Putin.[36][37]

In 2015, Kabaeva was an honorary guest at the 2015 World Championships in Stuttgart, Germany. In 2017, she became the official FIG Rhythmic Gymnastics Ambassador at the 2017 World Championships in Pesaro, Italy.[38]

Political and media careers

Since 2005, Kabaeva has been a member of the Public Chamber of Russia.[39] Since February 2008, she has been chairwoman of the Public Council of the National Media Group [ru], the media group that controls Izvestia, Channel One and REN TV.[40]

Between 2007 and 2014, Kabaeva was a Member of the Russian Parliament, the State Duma, representing Nizhnekamsk as a member of the United Russia party. In her capacity as a Member of Parliament, she voted for a number of controversial laws that were speedily adopted in 2012 and 2013, including the Anti-Magnitsky bill banning inter-country adoption (of Russian orphans) by families in the United States, as well as the Russian gay propaganda law making the distribution of "propaganda of non-traditional sexual relationships" among minors a punishable offense, the extrajudicial ban on access to websites which may host materials violating copyright laws, and the reorganization of the Academy of Sciences.[41][42][43]

In September 2014, Kabaeva resigned from the Duma and accepted the position of chair of the board of directors of the National Media Group, the largest Russian media conglomerate.[44] She has faced criticism for her lack of experience and high salary when appointed to political and media posts.[1][45]

Other ventures

In 2001, Kabaeva appeared in the Japanese movie, Red Shadow, performing a gymnastics routine.[46]

In January 2011, Kabaeva appeared on the cover of Vogue Russia.[47][48] In the same month, she launched her singing career, taking to the stage for the first time.[49]

Sanctions

Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, sanctions were imposed on numerous Russian political and business leaders. In April 2022, the United States Department of the Treasury prepared sanctions against Kabaeva, however the United States government withheld the sanctions for fear of escalating tensions between Russia and the United States due to her alleged relationship with Putin.[50] The Office of Foreign Assets Control added Kabaeva to the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List on 3 August 2022, which results in her assets being frozen and U.S. persons being prohibited from dealing with her.[51]

On 13 May 2022, Kabaeva and her grandmother Anna Zatseplina were sanctioned by the United Kingdom.[52][53][54] On 27 May, Canada imposed sanctions on Kabaeva.[55] On 3 June, she was sanctioned by the European Union.[56][57] On 1 July, she was sanctioned by Australia.[58]

Personal life

President Vladimir Putin and Kabaeva at the 2001 Russian Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships

In April 2008, the Moskovsky Korrespondent reported that Kabaeva was engaged to Russian president Vladimir Putin.[59] The story was denied and the newspaper was shut down.[60] In the following years, the status of Kabaeva and Putin's relationship became a topic of speculation, including allegations that they have multiple children together.[36]

In July 2013, Kabaeva said that she did not have children.[61][62] In March 2015, she was reported to have given birth to a daughter at the VIP hospital of Saint Ann in Ticino, Switzerland.[63][64] In 2019, she reportedly gave birth to twin sons at the Kulakov maternity clinic in Moscow.[65][66] However, the Swiss newspaper SonntagsZeitung reported in 2022 that a Swiss gynecologist of Russian origin assisted at both births, stating that the first in 2015 was of a boy and the second in 2019 of another boy, and that both were Putin's sons.[67]

According to United States and European security officials, Kabaeva has spent long periods of time in Switzerland since 2015, at residences in Lugano and Cologny.[50]

Honours

References

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  70. ^ "Кабаева открыла спорткомплекс, построенный на благотворительные средства в Южной Осетии". Interfax Russia (in Russian). 13 October 2015. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
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