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Catterick Garrison

Coordinates: 54°22′39″N 1°43′19″W / 54.3774°N 1.7220°W / 54.3774; -1.7220
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Catterick Garrison
Single Living Accommodation (SLA) blocks at Catterick.
Badge of Catterick Garrison
Catterick Garrison is located in North Yorkshire
Catterick Garrison
Catterick Garrison
Location within North Yorkshire
Population13,000 
OS grid referenceSE 180 980
Civil parish
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townCATTERICK GARRISON
Postcode districtDL9
Dialling code01748
PoliceNorth Yorkshire
FireNorth Yorkshire
AmbulanceYorkshire
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Yorkshire
54°22′39″N 1°43′19″W / 54.3774°N 1.7220°W / 54.3774; -1.7220

Catterick Garrison is a major garrison and military town 3 miles (5 km) south of Richmond, North Yorkshire, England. It is the largest British Army garrison in the world, with a population of around 13,000 in 2017 and covering over 2,400 acres (about 10 km2).[1][2]

History

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At the beginning of August 1907 Robert Baden-Powell, Inspector-General of Cavalry, held his experimental camp for boys on Brownsea Island. In October 1907, he was appointed to command the Northumbrian Division of the newly formed Territorial Army. His headquarters were in Richmond Castle,[3] which was too small to hold the garrison, so he chose as a replacement the site for the Catterick military town.[4] The following year saw the founding of the Scouting movement.[5][6]

On 12 August 1914, the order was issued for the construction of the camp, following the outbreak of the First World War. The original intention was for Catterick to be a temporary camp to accommodate two complete divisions with around 40,000 men in 2,000 huts.[7]

One Mk V 12-inch railway howitzer (foreground) and two Mk III 12-inch railway howitzers at Catterick in 1940

The base was originally named Richmond Camp but was changed to Catterick Camp in 1915, and later modified to Catterick Garrison in 1973. After serving as a prisoner of war camp at the end of the First World War, the idea to make Catterick a permanent military barracks was first suggested after the partitioning of Ireland in 1921, to replace The Curragh. The required land was purchased and building plans were put forward in 1923. Construction was undertaken by John Laing & Son,[8] and by the mid-1930s most of the camp's facilities were complete. During the Second World War the camp was once again used to house prisoners of war.[9]

RAF Catterick closed in 1994 and was transferred to the British Army to become Marne Barracks which falls under the command of Catterick Garrison.[10]

In 2018, to celebrate the centenary of the Armistice and the end of the First World War, four stone monuments, including a steam locomotive and a likeness of Lord Baden Powell, were erected on the town's central roundabout.[11]

Governance

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Between 1974 and 2023 it was in the Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire, within the Central Richmondshire electoral division of North Yorkshire County Council and divided between the Hipswell and Scotton wards of Richmondshire District Council.[12]

The town is divided between two civil parishes, the southern part of the town, south of a small stream known as Leadmill Gill, is in the civil parish of Scotton, the northern part forms the greater part of the civil parish of Hipswell. Each parish has its own parish council.[13]

Catterick Garrison was within the Richmond (Yorks) parliamentary constituency, following the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was abolished. Subject to moderate boundary changes, it was reformed as Richmond and Northallerton, first contested at the 2024 general election.[14] These seats have been represented since 2015 by Conservative Rishi Sunak.[15]

Geography

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Catterick Garrison is located on the A6136 road, connecting Richmond with the A1(M) at Catterick Village, 4.7 miles (7.6 km) to the east. Nearby are the suburban settlements of Scotton 1.6 miles (2.6 km) south and Hipswell 0.7 miles (1.1 km) to the east, as well as Colburn, 1.9 miles (3.1 km) to the east.[16]

Foxglove Covert, a local nature reserve, was the first of its kind in North Yorkshire and the first to be located on Ministry of Defence (MoD) land in the UK. It covers 100 acres of moorland edge, and was opened in 1992. In 2001 it was declared a Site of Local Nature Conservation Importance (SLNCI).[17]

Commerce

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The town has two centres for shopping, a small shopping parade (on Catterick Road between Byng Road and Vicarage Road) and the town centre. The town centre developed around Richmond Road from the 2000s. Richmondshire Walk and a supermarket were opended in 2000 on the west side of Richmond Road[18] near village shops on east side of the road. From 2013 to 2015, the centre was expanded with the Princes Gate development, on MoD-owned land north of Richmondshire Walk, with new retail outlets, a cinema, 60-bedroom hotel as well as places for eating and drinking.[19][20]

Transport

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There is no longer a railway station at the garrison. Catterick Camp railway station was a terminus station on the Eryholme-Richmond branch line until its closure in 1964; the closest mainline railway stations are now at Northallerton and Darlington; they are equidistant, at 15.9 miles (25.6 km) south-east and north-east respectively. Regular bus services to Richmond and Darlington are operated by Arriva North East; the closest airport is Teesside International Airport, 21.3 miles (34.3 km) north-east.[21]

Education

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Primary education is provided by Carnagill Community Primary School, built in 1966,[22] Wavell School,[23] Le Cateau Community Primary School[24] and Cambrai Primary School, a free school opened in 2019 on the complex formerly housing a campus of Darlington College.[25] Pupils then receive secondary education at Risedale School.[26] Alternatively, children may also attend school at Richmond School and Sixth Form College.[27]

Religion

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The town has three existing churches, St. Joan of Arc is a Roman Catholic memorial church built in 1930 and situated within the Diocese of Middlesbrough, but owing to its position is governed by the Bishopric of the Forces.[28] on the same road is St Aidan's Garrison Church,[29] and The Garrison Memorial Church of St Martin and St Oswald.[30]

Garrison Cemetery

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Catterick Garrison Cemetery, on the north side of St John's Churchyard in Hipswell, was opened by the War Office in 1930 to serve the camp. Among its graves are those of 42 Commonwealth service personnel of the Second World War and some Polish servicemen.[31]

Previously soldiers from the camp and military hospital were buried in St John's Churchyard, which now contains the war graves of 64 Commonwealth service personnel of the First World War and two of the Second World War.[32]

Community and culture

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Sport

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The town's football club, Catterick Garrison Football Centre, was founded in 2006, and the senior team play in the Wensleydale Creamery League, an affiliate league of the North Riding County Football Association. The Catterick Crusaders rugby league team play in the North East Division of the Rugby League Conference, originally known as the Northallerton Stallions, they adopted their current name after relocation in 2012.[33]

Media

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The town was formerly home to Garrison FM until 2013, when the Ministry of Defence merged Garrison FM's contract with that of overseas forces' station BFBS, who took over local broadcasting for the garrison area. The Catterick Garrison Military WAGS Choir, formed in 2010 was the basis for the BBC programme The Choir: Military Wives and the 2019 film Military Wives (film), which also has scenes filmed in the garrison itself.[34][35]

Leisure facilities

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Catterick Leisure Centre is a purpose-built complex opposite the retail park, opened in July 2009; it offers a broad spectrum of leisure and fitness facilities including a swimming pool and a gym, as well as an adjoining public library.[36][37]

Catterick Garrison once had one of Yorkshire's largest cinemas, the Ritz Cinema, which opened on 21 December 1940 and had over 1000 seats. It closed on 2 July 1977 after declining usage; today, the site is used as a health and beauty salon.[38] The town would gain a seven screen cinema in 2015 as part of the Princes Gate retail complex.[39]

Public services

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The town has a leisure centre and its primary healthcare provider is the Harewood Medical general practice managed by South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.[40] The Duchess of Kent Hospital was a military hospital opened on 6 October 1976 and closed its major surgery and hospital wings in 1999, it was still used as a medical facility until 2015, when services were relocated to RAF Leeming.[41][42] However, an upgraded and brand new facility, known as the Catterick Integrated Care Campus is expected to open in 2026. Groundwork on the £55 million facility, a joint venture between the NHS and the Ministry of Defence, began in January 2024.[43][44][45]

The local ambulances are run by the Yorkshire Ambulance Service, the town is also in the catchment area of the Great North Air Ambulance. North Yorkshire Police and the Royal Military Police have stations located on a shared complex while North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue provide firefighting services mainly from Colburn Fire Station (between the town and Colburn).[46]

Based units

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The parade ground at Helles Barracks

The garrison consists of many different groups of buildings spread over a wide area and includes a number of barracks, most of which are named after historical British Army battles, many of which took place in Northern France during the First World War. The current units based within Catterick Garrison include:

HQ School of Infantry, Infantry Training Centre

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Main article: Infantry Training Centre (British Army)

The Infantry Training Centre conducts infantry training combining Phase 1 and 2 of the Combat Infantryman's Course. Junior soldiers destined for the infantry continue to receive Phase 1 training at the Army Foundation College in Harrogate. ITC Catterick is the major user of the Warcop Training Area.[64][65]

ITC Catterick is also home to the Army School of Ceremonial ('ASC'), where recruits learn to take part in the massed bands of the British Army. In 2016–17, the ASC moved from their former school (an old stately home) to modern facilities.[66]

See also

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References

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Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ "CATTERICK GARRISON". City Population. 7 June 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
  2. ^ "D&S column: making sure facilities match Catterick Garrison's future growth". Rishi Sunak. 7 April 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
  3. ^ "Catterick Garrison – About Us". British Army. Archived from the original on 24 February 2013. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
  4. ^ Reported as "a Yorkshire division" in The Times, 29 October 1907, p.6; the Dictionary of National Biography lists it as the Northumbrian Division, which encompassed units from the North and East Ridings of Yorkshire, as well as Northumbria proper.
  5. ^ Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys: A Handbook for Instruction in Good Citizenship. London: H. Cox. ISBN 978-0-486-45719-2.
  6. ^ "Scouting Founded". Order of the Arrow, Boy Scouts of America. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
  7. ^ "Catterick Garrison's Early History". Archived from the original on 28 June 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  8. ^ Ritchie 1997, p. 57.
  9. ^ "Every prisoner of war camp in the UK mapped and listed". The Guardian. 8 November 2010. Retrieved 5 April 2014.
  10. ^ March, Peter R. (1998). Brace by Wire to Fly by Wire. RAF Fairford, Gloucestershire, England: Royal Air Force Benevolent Fund Enterprises. p. 162. ISBN 1-899808-06-X.
  11. ^ "History made with unveiling of Catterick Garrison war memorial". The Northern Echo. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  12. ^ "OpenData support | OS Tools & Support".
  13. ^ "Hipswell Parish Council". Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  14. ^ "The 2023 Review of Parliamentary Constituency Boundaries in England – Volume one: Report – Yorkshire and the Humber". Boundary Commission for England. Retrieved 5 August 2023.
  15. ^ Puri, Anjali (10 August 2015). "UK Cabinet member Rishi Sunak on being British, Indian & Hindu at same time". Business Standard. Archived from the original on 26 July 2019. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
  16. ^ "Hello and Welcome". The Churches of Hipswell Parish. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  17. ^ "Foxglove Covert". Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  18. ^ "Supermarket opens to military fanfare". The Northern Echo. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  19. ^ "Catterick Town Centre Plans". Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  20. ^ "£25m Catterick shopping complex nearing completion". The Northern Echo. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  21. ^ "Airport's £1.3m revamp approved". BBC News. bbc.co.uk. 6 December 2006. Retrieved 10 March 2007.
  22. ^ "Carnagill School". Archived from the original on 28 June 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  23. ^ "Wavell School". Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  24. ^ "Le Cateau School". Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  25. ^ Willis, Joe (26 November 2018). "New Catterick Garrison primary school holds open event". Richmondshire Today. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  26. ^ "Admission arrangements for the Northallerton area". Secondary school admissions. North Yorkshire County Council. Archived from the original on 16 November 2016. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
  27. ^ "Richmond School and Sixth Form College". Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  28. ^ "St. Joan of Arc, Catterick Garrison". Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  29. ^ "St. Aidan's register". National Archives.
  30. ^ GENUKI. "Genuki: St. Martin and St. Oswald's Garrison Memorial Church, Catterick Garrison, Yorkshire (North Riding)". www.genuki.org.uk. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  31. ^ CWGC Cemetery Report Catterick Garrison Cemetery.
  32. ^ CWGC Cemetery Report Hipswell Churchyard.
  33. ^ "Catterick Crusaders raising money for Rhinos Challenge tour kit". 2 November 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  34. ^ "D&S column: congratulations to the Catterick Military WAGS Choir". Rishi Sunak. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  35. ^ "Military Wives". Screen Yorkshire. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  36. ^ "Catterick Leisure Centre". Archived from the original on 4 September 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  37. ^ "Catterick Library". Archived from the original on 16 August 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  38. ^ "Ritz Cinema". Archived from the original on 28 June 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  39. ^ "Excitement as new seven-screen cinema opens". The Northern Echo. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  40. ^ NHS. "Overview - Harewood Medical Practice - NHS". www.nhs.uk. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  41. ^ "Memorandum submitted to the Defence Committee by the Ministry of Defence responding to the Committee's Questions on the Defence Medical Services". Hansard. Retrieved 7 December 2019.
  42. ^ "Health services to be relocated after MoD moves to close Catterick Garrison hospital". The Northern Echo. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  43. ^ "Catterick Integrated Care Campus". northyorkshireccg.nhs.uk. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  44. ^ "Catterick health centre plan set to be approved". BBC News. 4 October 2022. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  45. ^ Gouldsborough, Patrick (29 December 2023). "Work due to start on £55m health campus". Darlington & Stockton Times. No. 52–2023. p. 2. ISSN 2516-5348.
  46. ^ "Colburn Fire Station". Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  47. ^ Sables, Tom (27 November 2020). "Is Your Military Base Closing? Read The Full List Of Sites Shutting". Forces Network. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
  48. ^ British Army Newsletter | Summer 2020 | Issue 5 | In Front.
  49. ^ a b "Information on the Army 2020 refine exercise" (PDF). Parliament Publishing Services. 10 March 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
  50. ^ King, Hannah (24 November 2020). "1 YORKS Returns Home To Yorkshire". Forces Network. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
  51. ^ "Google Earth". earth.google.com. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
  52. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Written Question for the Ministry of Defence regarding Army basing and personnel". Parliamentary Replies. 22 November 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  53. ^ "9th/12th Charitable Association Website". Delhispearman.org.uk. 5 July 2012. Archived from the original on 5 May 2013. Retrieved 13 March 2013.
  54. ^ "British Army Music". www.army.mod.uk. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
  55. ^ "FMAM | Forthcoming Events". Friends of The Museum of Army Music. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
  56. ^ Fallon, Michael (15 December 2016). "Strategic Defence and Security Review – Army: Written statement – HCWS367". Hansard. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  57. ^ King, Hannah (3 December 2020). "4 SCOTS Return to Work in Catterick after Afghanistan Deployment". Forces News. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  58. ^ "Military Sites (Wales) (Hansard, 2 July 2002)". api.parliament.uk. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
  59. ^ "Catterick Garrison". Army Garrisons. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
  60. ^ "North Yorkshire's Gurkhas unveil memorial to fallen comrades". www.army.mod.uk. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  61. ^ "Transforming A 'Super Garrison': Construction At Catterick". Forces Network. 23 December 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
  62. ^ "Google Earth". earth.google.com. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
  63. ^ Army Policy & Secretariat, FOI(A) Request relating to current AECs (7 December 2020). whatdotheyknow.com. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
  64. ^ Ministry of Defence - Defence Estate and Environment, What we do(website accessed: 26 August 2010)
  65. ^ North Pennines Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (website accessed: 26 August 2010)
  66. ^ "Army School of Ceremonial". The Tricorn. 2018. p. 96. Retrieved 23 December 2020.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Cole, Howard N. (1972). The Story of Catterick Camp 1915–1972. Headquarters Catterick Garrison.
  • Ritchie, Berry (1997). The Good Builder: The John Laing Story. James & James.
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