Grahi inscription
Grahi inscription is an inscription found in Chaiya, southern Thailand, written in Old Khmer language with Old Sumatran script, and dated to 1183 CE.[1][2] This inscription is written on the pedestal of a bronze Buddha statue, that is stored at Wat Hua Wiang temple.[2] The name Grahi, called Kia-lo-hi in Chinese record Zhu Fan Zhi, is considered to be the old name of Chaiya.[3] The city was part of Tambralinga, once a border polity between Srivijaya and Khmer kingdoms in the Malay Peninsula.[1][3]
Text
[edit]The transliteration of the inscription according to Cœdès is as follows:[2][4]
- 11006 (sic)[2] çaka thoḥ nakṣatra ta tapaḥ sakti kamrateṅ añ Mahārāja çrīmat Trailokyarājamaulibhūṣanabarmmadeba pi ket
- jyeṣṭha noḥ buddhabāra Mahāsenāpati Galānai ta cāṃ sruk Grahi ārādhanā ta mrateṅ çrī Ñāno thve pra
- timā neḥ daṃṅon mān saṃrit bhāra mvay tul bir ta jā byāy mās tap tanliṅ ti ṣthāpanā jā prati
- mā mahājana phoṅ ta mān sarddhā ‘anumodanā pūjā ṇamaskāra nu neḥ leṅ sa -- pān sarvvajñatā
- — ha ta jā --
Translation
[edit]The approximate translation of the inscription is as follows:[1][4]
- In the year of Saka 1105 (1183 CE),[2] on the orders of Kamraten An Maharaja Srimat Trailokyaraja Maulibhusanavarmadeva, on the third day of the rising month of Jyestha, Wednesday, Mahasenapati Galanai [Talanai], who governs the land of Grahi, invited Mraten Sri Nano to create this statue. The weight of samrit is 1 bhara 2 tula and the value of gold is 10 tamlin. This statue has been erected so that all the faithful can enjoy, venerate, and adore it here .... obtain the omniscience ..
See also
[edit]- Chaiya District in southern Thailand
- Dharmasraya kingdom
- Mauli dynasty
- Srivijaya kingdom
- Tambralinga kingdom
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Muljana, Slamet (2006). Sriwijaya. Yogyakarta: LKiS Pelangi Aksara. pp. 279–284. ISBN 9789798451621. 9798451627, 9789798451621.
- ^ a b c d e de Casparis, J.G. (1967). "The Date of The Grahi Buddha" (PDF). Journal of the Siam Society. 55 (1). London.
- ^ a b Braginsky, Vladimir (2014-03-18). Classical Civilizations of South-East Asia. Routledge. pp. 86–98. ISBN 9781136848797.
- ^ a b Cœdès, George (1918). "Le Royaume de Çrīvijaya". Bulletin de l'École Française d'Extrême-Orient. 18 (1): 1–36. doi:10.3406/befeo.1918.5894.
