Kuy language

Kuy
Kuy
Kui, Kuay, Cuoi
กูย, កួយ, ກູຢ
Native to	Thailand, Laos, Cambodia
Native speakers	ca. 450,000 (2005–2006)
Language family	Austroasiatic Katuic West Katuic Kuy; ; ;
Writing system	Thai, Khmer, Lao; (depends on countries they live)
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Either:; kdt – Kuy (Kuay); nyl – Nyeu (Yoe)
Glottolog	kuys1235
ELP	Nyeu

This article contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script.

Kuy, also known as Kui, Suay or Kuay (Thai: ภาษากูย; Khmer: ភាសាកួយ), is a Katuic language, part of the larger Austroasiatic family spoken by the Kuy people of Southeast Asia.

Kuy is one of the Katuic languages within the Austroasiatic family. It is spoken in Isan, Thailand by about 300,000 people, in Salavan, Savannakhet and Sekong Provinces of Laos by about 64,000; and in Preah Vihear, Stung Treng and Kampong Thom Provinces of northern Cambodia by 15,500 people.

Names

Spelling variants and varieties include the following (Sidwell 2005:11).

Kui
Kuy
Kuay
Koay
Souei. The term "Souei" is also applied to other groups, such as a Pearic community in Cambodia.
Yeu
Nanhang
Kouy. A textbook in French is published for this variant (Parlons Kouy).

Dialects

Van der haak & Woykos (1987-1988) identified two major Kui varieties in Surin and Sisaket provinces of eastern Thailand, Kuuy and Kuay. Van der haak & Woykos also identified the following divergent Kui varieties in Sisaket Province, Thailand.^[2]

Kui Nhə: Sisaket District (10 villages), Phraibung District (5 villages), Rasisalai District (4 villages). About 8,000 people.
Kui Nthaw (Kui M'ai): Rasisalai District (5 villages), Uthumphornphisai District (9 villages). All villages mixed with Lao/Isaan.
Kui Preu Yai: Prue Yai Subdistrict, Khukhan District.

Mann & Markowski (2005) reported the following four Kuy dialects spoken in north-central Cambodia.

Ntua
Ntra: includes the subdialects of Auk and Wa
Mla: 567 speakers in the single village of Krala Peas, Choam Ksan District, Preah Vihear Province
"Thmei"

A variety of Kui/Kuy called Nyeu (ɲə) is spoken in the villages of Ban Phon Kho, Ban Khamin, Ban Nonkat, Ban Phon Palat, and Ban Prasat Nyeu in Sisaket Province, Thailand.^[3] The Nyeu of Ban Phon Kho claim that their ancestors had migrated from Muang Khong, Amphoe Rasisalai, Sisaket Province.

In Buriram Province, Kuy is spoken in the 4 districts of Nong Ki, Prakhon Chai, Lam Plai Mat, and Nong Hong (Sa-ing Sangmeen 1992:14).^[4] Within Nong Ki District, Kuy villages are located in the southern part of Yoei Prasat (เย้ยปราสาท) Subdistrict and in the western part of Mueang Phai (เมืองไผ่) Subdistrict (Sa-ing Sangmeen 1992:16).

Phonology

The following is the phonology of the Kui (Surin) language:^[5]

Consonants

		Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive/ Affricate	voiceless	p	t	tɕ	k	ʔ
	aspirated	pʰ	tʰ	tɕʰ	kʰ
	voiced	b	d	dʑ
Nasal		m	n	ɲ	ŋ
Fricative		f	s			h
Liquid	rhotic		r
Liquid	lateral		l
Glide		w		j

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i iː	ɯ ɯː	u uː
Close-mid	e eː	ɤ ɤː	o oː
Open-mid	ɛ ɛː	ʌ ʌː	ɔ ɔː
Open		a aː	ɑ ɑː

Vowel sounds may also be distinguished using breathy voice:

Breathy vowels
	Front	Central	Back
Close	i̤ i̤ː	ɯ̤ ɯ̤ː	ṳ ṳː
Close-mid	e̤ e̤ː	ɤ̤ ɤ̤ː	o̤ o̤ː
Open-mid	ɛ̤ ɛ̤ː	ʌ̤ ʌ̤ː	ɔ̤ ɔ̤ː
Open		a̤ a̤ː	ɑ̤ ɑ̤ː

Locations

The following list of Kuy village locations in Sisaket Province is from Van der haak & Woykos (1987-1988:129). Asterisks (placed before village names) denote ethnically mixed villages, in which ethnic Kuy reside with ethnic Lao or Khmer.

Kui Nhə

Mueang District เมือง
- Tambon Phonkho โพนค้อ: Phonkho โพนค้อ, Nong, Yanang, Klang, Non
- Tambon Thum ทุ่ม: Khamin
Phayu District พยุห์
- Tambon Phayu พยุห์: *Nongthum
- Tambon Phromsawat พรหมสวัสดิ์: Samrong, Khothaw
- Tambon Nongphek โนนเพ็ก: *Khokphek โคกเพ็ก
Phraibung District ไพรบึง
- Tambon Prasatyae ปราสาทเยอ: Prasatyaenua ปราสาทเยอเหนือ, Prasatyaetai ปราสาทเยอใต้, Khawaw, Phonpalat, Cangun
Rasisalai District ราษีไศล
- Tambon Mueangkhong เมืองคง: Yai ใหญ่
Sila Lat District ศิลาลาด
- Tambon Kung กุง: Kung กุง, Muangkaw เมืองเก่า, *Chok

Kui Nthaw/M'ai

All Kui Nthaw/M'ai live in mixed villages.

Rasisalai District ราษีไศล
- Tambon Nong Ing หนองอึ่ง: *Tongton, *Huai Yai ห้วยใหญ่, *Dnmuang, *Kokeow, *Hang
Uthumphornphisai District อุทุมพรพิสัย
- Tambon Khaem แขม: *Phanong, *Sangthong, *Sawai, *Nongphae, *Phae
Pho Si Suwan District โพธิ์ศรีสุวรรณ
- Tambon Naengma หนองม้า: *Nongma หนองม้า, *Songhong, *Songleng, *Nongphae

Kuay Prue Yai

Khukhan District ขุขันธ์
- Tambon Prueyai ปรือใหญ่: Preu Yai, Makham, Pruekhan, and village no.12

Notes

^ Kuy (Kuay) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Nyeu (Yoe) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^ Van der haak, F. and Woykos, B. (1987-1988). "Kui dialect survey in Surin and Sisaket", in The Mon-Khmer Studies Journal, vol. 16-17, pp. 109–142. http://sealang.net/sala/archives/pdf8/vanderhaak1987-1988kui.pdf
^ Taweeporn Suwannaraj. 1980. The phonology of the Nyeu language. MA thesis, Mahidol University.
^ Sa-ing Sangmeen. 1992. The Kooy language of Tambon Yoeyprasat, Amphoe Nongki, Burirum. M.A. dissertation. Nakhon Pathom: Silpakorn University.
^ Yantreesingh, Pailin (1980). The phonology of the Kuay language of Suphanburi with comparison to the Kuy language of Surin. Nakhon Pathom: University.

References

Mann, N., & Markowski, L. (2004). A rapid appraisal survey of Kuy dialects spoken in Cambodia. Chiang Mai: Dept. of Linguistics, Graduate School, Payap University.
Mann, N., & Markowski, L. (2005). A rapid appraisal survey of Kuy dialects spoken in Cambodia. SIL International.
Sidwell, Paul. (2005). The Katuic languages: classification, reconstruction and comparative lexicon Archived 2020-12-04 at the Wayback Machine. LINCOM studies in Asian linguistics, 58. Muenchen: Lincom Europa. ISBN 3-89586-802-7

[e18-1] Kuy (Kuay) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Nyeu (Yoe) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)

[2] Van der haak, F. and Woykos, B. (1987-1988). "Kui dialect survey in Surin and Sisaket", in The Mon-Khmer Studies Journal, vol. 16-17, pp. 109–142. http://sealang.net/sala/archives/pdf8/vanderhaak1987-1988kui.pdf

[3] Taweeporn Suwannaraj. 1980. The phonology of the Nyeu language. MA thesis, Mahidol University.

[4] Sa-ing Sangmeen. 1992. The Kooy language of Tambon Yoeyprasat, Amphoe Nongki, Burirum. M.A. dissertation. Nakhon Pathom: Silpakorn University.

[5] Yantreesingh, Pailin (1980). The phonology of the Kuay language of Suphanburi with comparison to the Kuy language of Surin. Nakhon Pathom: University.

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