Berar sultanate
Sultanate of Berar वऱ्हाड | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1490–1572 | |||||||||
 .svg){kind=small} Berar sultanate with neighbouring polities, circa 1525.[1] | |||||||||
| Capital | Ellichpur | ||||||||
| Common languages | |||||||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| Sultan | |||||||||
• 1490 – 1504 | Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk (first) | ||||||||
• 1568 – 1572 | Tufail Khan (last) | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
| 1490 | |||||||||
• Conquered by Ahmednagar Sultanate | 1572 | ||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
| 29,340 km2 (11,330 sq mi) | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | India | ||||||||
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Berar". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. | |||||||||
The Berar sultanate was an early modern Indian kingdom in the Deccan, ruled by the Imad Shahi dynasty.[2] It was one of the Deccan sultanates, and was established in 1490 following the disintegration of the Bahmani Sultanate by Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk.[3] It was annexed by the Ahmadnagar Sultanate in 1572 following an invasion.
History
[edit]On the establishment of the Bahmani Sultanate in the Deccan in 1347, Berar was constituted one of the five provinces into which their kingdom was divided, being governed by a tarafdar, with a separate army. The perils of this system became apparent when the province was divided (1478 or 1479) into two separate provinces, named after their capitals Gawil and Mahur.[citation needed]
In 1490, Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk, who had been appointed governor of Berar by Mahmud Gawan after assisting him in his campaigns,[4] proclaimed his independence amidst the civil unrest in the Bahmani Sultanate and founded the Imad Shahi dynasty of Berar.[5] He proceeded to annex Mahur to his new kingdom and had its capital at Ellichpur.[citation needed] Imad-ul-Mulk was by birth a Kanarese Hindu, but had been captured as a boy in one of the expeditions against the Vijayanagara Empire and brought up as a Muslim.[5] Gavilgad and Narnala were also fortified by him.[4]
Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk died in 1504 and his successor, Aladdin Imad Shah resisted the aggression of Ahmadnagar with the help from Bahadur Shah, sultan of Gujarat.[6] The next ruler, Darya, ascended the throne in 1530 and tried to align with Bijapur to prevent aggression from Ahmadnagar, but was unsuccessful.[4] In 1568, Burhan Imad Shah, who had succeeded his father six years prior, was deposed by his minister Tufail Khan, and assumed rule of the Sultanate. This gave a pretext for the intervention of Murtaza Nizam Shah of Ahmadnagar, who invaded Berar, imprisoned and put to death Tufail Khan, his son Shams-ul-Mulk, and the former-king Burhan, and proceeded to annex Berar into his own dominions of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate in 1572.[7][4]
List of rulers
[edit].jpg)
The sultans of Berar belonged to the Imad Shahi dynasty:
- Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk: 1490 – 1504
- Aladdin Imad Shah: 1504 – 1529
- Darya Imad Shah: 1529 – 1562.
- Burhan Imad Shah: 1562 – 1568[8]
- Tufail Khan (usurper): 1568 – 1572[9]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 39, 147. ISBN 0226742210.
- ^ John Cadwgan Powell-Price (1955). A History of India. T. Nelson. p. 200.
- ^ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 117–119. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
- ^ a b c d Mitchell & Zebrowski 1999, p. 11.
- ^ a b Majumdar 1974, p. 463.
- ^ Majumdar 1974, pp. 463–464.
- ^ Majumdar 1974, pp. 465–466.
- ^ Mitchell & Zebrowski 1999, p. 275.
- ^ Robert Sewell. Lists of inscriptions, and sketch of the dynasties of southern India (The New Cambridge History of India Vol. I:7), Printed by E. Keys at the Government Press, 1884, , p.166
Sources
[edit]- Majumdar, R.C. (1974). "The Five Sultanates of the Deccan". The Mughul Empire. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
- Mitchell, George; Zebrowski, Mark (1999). Architecture and Art of the Deccan Sultanates (The New Cambridge History of India Vol. I:7). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56321-6.
