George Phipps, 2nd Marquess of Normanby

The Most Honourable
The Marquess of Normanby
GCB GCMG PC
The Most Honourable The Marquess of Normanby GCB GCMG PC
	A drawing of Lord Normanby made in 1871.
32nd Governor of Nova Scotia
	In office; 15 February 1858 – 17 September 1863
Monarch	Victoria
Preceded by	Sir John Le Marchant
Succeeded by	Charles Hastings Doyle
3rd Governor of Queensland
	In office; 12 August 1871 – 12 November 1874
Monarch	Victoria
Preceded by	Sir Samuel Blackall
Succeeded by	William Cairns
7th Governor of New Zealand
	In office; 3 December 1874 – 21 February 1879
Monarch	Victoria
Premier	Julius Vogel; Daniel Pollen; Harry Atkinson; George Grey;
Preceded by	Sir James Fergusson
Succeeded by	Sir Hercules Robinson
6th Governor of Victoria
	In office; 29 April 1879 – 18 April 1884
Monarch	Victoria
Preceded by	Sir George Bowen
Succeeded by	Sir Henry Loch
Personal details
Born	23 July 1819; London, England
Died	3 April 1890 (aged 70); Brighton, Sussex, England
Political party	Liberal Party
Spouse	Laura Russell (m. 1844; died 1885)
Children	Lady Constance Phipps; Lady Laura Hampton-Lewis; Constantine Phipps, 3rd Marquess of Normanby; Lord William Phipps; Katherine Egerton, Countess of Ellesmere; Lord Henry Phipps; Lord Hervey Phipps;

George Augustus Constantine Phipps, 2nd Marquess of Normanby GCB GCMG PC (23 July 1819 – 3 April 1890),^[1] styled Viscount Normanby between 1831 and 1838 and Earl of Mulgrave between 1838 and 1863, was a British Liberal politician and colonial governor of Nova Scotia, Queensland, New Zealand and Victoria.

Early life

Normanby was born in London, the eldest son of Constantine Phipps, 1st Marquess of Normanby and his wife the Hon Maria Liddell, daughter of Thomas Liddell, 1st Baron Ravensworth. He gained the courtesy title Viscount Normanby when his father succeeded to the Earldom of Mulgrave in 1831. When his father was created Marquess of Normanby in 1838, he became known by the courtesy title Earl of Mulgrave.^[2]

Military service

Normanby entered the Coldstream Guards as an ensign and became a lieutenant in 1838.^[1]

Political and administrative career

Normanby was returned to parliament for Scarborough in 1847, a seat he held until 1851 and again between 1852 and 1857. He was appointed Comptroller of the Household by Lord John Russell in 1851. When Lord Aberdeen became prime minister in early 1852, he became Treasurer of the Household, a post he held until 1858 the last three years under the premiership of Lord Palmerston. In the latter year he was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia, which he remained until 1863. Whilst he served as Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia, he and his wife had the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII) and his brother Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, as their guests at Government House.^{[citation needed]}

In 1863 Normanby succeeded his father in the marquessate and took his seat in the House of Lords.^{[citation needed]}

Normanby returned to the government in 1868 when he was appointed a Lord-in-waiting by William Ewart Gladstone. The following year he was promoted to Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms. From 1871 to 1874, he was Governor of Queensland.^[3] He was then Governor of New Zealand from 1874 to 1879 and Governor of Victoria from 1879 to 1884.^{[citation needed]}

Marriage and children

Lord Normanby married Laura Russell, daughter of Captain Robert Russell RN, in 1844. The couple had seven children.^[4]^{[page needed]}

Lady Laura Elizabeth Minnie Phipps (3 June 1845 – 12 October 1934); married John Vivian Hampton-Lewis (1835–1890) on 2 June 1868.
Constantine Charles Henry Phipps, 3rd Marquess of Normanby (29 August 1846 – 25 August 1932); married Gertrude Stansfeld Forster on 30 December 1903 and had issue.
Lord William Brook Phipps (13 August 1847 – 19 February 1880); married Constance Emma Keyser (d. 1932) on 31 March 1875 and had issue.
Lady Katherine Louisa Phipps (31 January 1850 – 23 September 1926); married Francis Egerton, 3rd Earl of Ellesmere, and had issue.^[5]
Lord Henry George Russell Phipps (26 January 1851 – 27 November 1905); married Norma Caroline Georgina Leith-Hay on 17 January 1878 and had issue.
Lady Constance Mary Phipps (1852 - 31 October 1883)
Lord Hervey Lepell Phipps (6 May 1854 – 21 April 1887); unmarried.

Honours

Normanby received the following honours:^[6]

Privy Councillor (PC), 1851.
Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG), 1874.
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (GCMG), 1877.
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB), 1885.

Death

Lady Normanby died in London in January 1885, aged 69. Lord Normanby died at Brighton, Sussex in April 1890, aged 70. He was succeeded in the marquessate and other titles by his eldest son, Constantine.^[7]^{[full citation needed]}

Arms

Coat of arms of George Phipps, Marquess of Normanby^[8]
	Crest A lion's jamb erased, sable, holding a trefoil slipped, argent. Escutcheon Quarterly: 1st and 4th, sable, a trefoil slipped within an orle of eight mullets, argent, Phipps; 2nd, paly of six, argent and azure, a bend, gules, Annesley; 3rd, the arms of King James II within a border compony, ermine and azure. Supporters Dexter, a unicorn, ermine, armed, unguled, crined, and tufted, or, and gorged with a chaplet of roses; sinister, a goat, ermine, armed and unguled, azure, gorged as the dexter. Motto Virtute quies (Rest in virtue) Other versions Full achievements:

References

^ ^a ^b Mennell, Philip (1892). "Normanby, The Most Noble George Augustus Constantine Phipps" . The Dictionary of Australasian Biography. London: Hutchinson & Co. p. 346 – via Wikisource.
^ Bolton, G. C., "second Marquess of Normanby (1819–1890)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, archived from the original on 20 January 2021, retrieved 18 January 2024
^ "Former Governors of Queensland". Government House Queensland. Archived from the original on 25 October 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
^ Mosley, Charles, editor. Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes. Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003
^ Morgan, Henry James, ed. (1903). Types of Canadian Women and of Women who are or have been Connected with Canada. Toronto: Williams Briggs. p. 256.
^ Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Volume XI (1881-1890), Phipps, George Augustus Constantine, 3rd Earl of Mulgrave and 2nd Marquess of Normanby
^ "Marquess of Normanby obituary". The London Gazette. 1890.
^ Debrett's peerage, baronetage, knightage, and companionage. London, Oldhams Press. 1876. p. 355, NORMANBY, MARQUESS OF. (Phipps.). Retrieved 17 June 2022. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

Directory of Royal Genealogical Data, Brian Tompsett, as of 1 March 2003; [1] Archived 7 February 2003 at the Wayback Machine
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Normanby, Constantine Henry Phipps, 1st Marquess of" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 748–749.
Bolton, G.C. (1974). "Normanby, second Marquess of (1819–1890)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 5.
Burroughs, Peter (1982). "Phipps George Augustus Constantine, Earl of Mulgrave, Marquess of Normanby". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. XI (1881–1890) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.

External links

Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by George Phipps, 2nd Marquess of Normanby

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Sir Frederick Trench Sir John Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone, Bt	Member of Parliament for Scarborough 1847–1851 With: Sir John Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone, Bt	Succeeded by Sir John Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone, Bt George Frederick Young
Preceded by Sir John Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone, Bt George Frederick Young	Member of Parliament for Scarborough 1852–1857 With: Sir John Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone, Bt	Succeeded by Sir John Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone, Bt John Dent
Political offices
Preceded by William Lascelles	Comptroller of the Household 1851–1852	Succeeded by Hon. George Weld-Forester
Preceded by Lord Claud Hamilton	Treasurer of the Household 1853–1858	Succeeded by Lord Claud Hamilton
Preceded by New government	Lord-in-waiting 1868–1869	Succeeded by The Lord Wrottesley
Preceded by The Lord Foley	Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms 1869–1871	Succeeded by The Earl Cowper
Government offices
Preceded by Sir John Le Marchant	Governor of Nova Scotia 1858–1863	Succeeded by Charles Hastings Doyle
Preceded by Colonel Sir Samuel Blackall	Governor of Queensland 1871–1874	Succeeded by William Cairns
Preceded by Sir James Fergusson	Governor of New Zealand 1874–1879	Succeeded by Sir Hercules Robinson
Preceded by Sir George Bowen	Governor of Victoria 1879–1884	Succeeded by Sir Henry Loch
Peerage of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Constantine Henry Phipps	Marquess of Normanby 1863–1890	Succeeded by Constantine Charles Henry Phipps

[Mennell-1] Mennell, Philip (1892). "Normanby, The Most Noble George Augustus Constantine Phipps" . The Dictionary of Australasian Biography. London: Hutchinson & Co. p. 346 – via Wikisource.

[2] Bolton, G. C., "second Marquess of Normanby (1819–1890)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, archived from the original on 20 January 2021, retrieved 18 January 2024

[3] "Former Governors of Queensland". Government House Queensland. Archived from the original on 25 October 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2024.

[4] Mosley, Charles, editor. Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes. Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003

[5] Morgan, Henry James, ed. (1903). Types of Canadian Women and of Women who are or have been Connected with Canada. Toronto: Williams Briggs. p. 256.

[6] Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Volume XI (1881-1890), Phipps, George Augustus Constantine, 3rd Earl of Mulgrave and 2nd Marquess of Normanby

[7] "Marquess of Normanby obituary". The London Gazette. 1890.

[8] Debrett's peerage, baronetage, knightage, and companionage. London, Oldhams Press. 1876. p. 355, NORMANBY, MARQUESS OF. (Phipps.). Retrieved 17 June 2022. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

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v t e Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia
List of lieutenant governors of Nova Scotia
Governors at Annapolis Royal (1710–1749)	Vetch Hobby Caulfeild Nicholson Caulfeild Vetch Caulfeild Philipps Doucett Armstrong Cosby Mascarene
Governors at Halifax (1749–1786)	Cornwallis Hopson Lawrence Ellis Belcher Wilmot W. Campbell Green Francklin Legge Francklin Arbuthnot Hughes Hamond Parr Fanning
Lieutenant-governors of Cape Breton Island (1784–1820)	Desbarres Macarmick Mathews Ogilvie Murray Despard Nepean Swayne Ainslie
Lieutenant-governors of Nova Scotia before responsible government (1786–1848)	Parr Bulkeley Wentworth Prévost (Croke) Sherbrooke Smyth Dalhousie Kempt Jeffrey Maitland Jeffrey C. Campbell Falkland Dickson Harvey
Lieutenant-governors between responsible government and Confederation (1848–1867)	Harvey Bazalgette Le Marchant Phipps Doyle MacDonnell Doyle Williams
Post-Confederation (1867–present)	Williams Doyle Howe Archibald Richey McLelan Daly Jones D. Fraser McGregor MacKeen M. Grant Douglas Tory Stanfield Covert Irwin Mathers Kendall McCurdy A. Fraser Plow MacKeen Oland Gosse Shaffner Abraham Crouse Kinley Freeman Francis J. Grant LeBlanc
Lieutenant-governors who served in the absence of governors are listed in parentheses. Acting administrators are listed in italics.

v t e Governors of Queensland
Before Federation	Bowen Blackall Marquess of Normanby Cairns Kennedy Musgrave Norman Baron Lamington
After Federation	Chermside Baron Chelmsford MacGregor Goold-Adams Nathan Goodwin Wilson Lavarack Abel Smith Mansfield Hannah Ramsay Campbell Forde Arnison Bryce Wensley de Jersey Young

v t e Governors of Victoria
Before Federation	Hotham Barkly Darling Viscount Canterbury Bowen Marquess of Normanby Loch Earl of Hopetoun Baron Brassey Clarke
After Federation	Talbot Gibson-Carmichael Fuller Stanley Earl of Stradbroke Baron Somers Baron Huntingfield Dugan Brooks Delacombe Winneke Murray McCaughey McGarvie Gobbo Landy de Kretser Chernov Dessau Gardner

v t e Governors and governors-general of New Zealand
Governors	Hobson FitzRoy Grey Browne Bowen J. Fergusson Normanby Robinson Hamilton-Gordon Jervois Onslow Glasgow Ranfurly Plunket Islington Liverpool
Governors-general	Liverpool Jellicoe C. Fergusson Bledisloe Galway Newall Freyberg Norrie Cobham B. Fergusson Porritt Blundell Holyoake Beattie Reeves Tizard Hardie Boys Cartwright Satyanand Mateparae Reddy Kiro
Related lists	Official secretaries to the governor-general Spouses of governors-general Armorial

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Other	Te Papa (New Zealand)