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List of Columbia University people in politics, military and law

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This is a partially sorted list of notable persons who have had ties to Columbia University.

This partial list does not include all of the numerous Columbia alumni and faculty who have served as the heads of foreign governments, in the U.S. Presidential Cabinet, the U.S. Executive branch of government, the Federal Courts, or as U.S. Senators, U.S. Congresspersons, Governors, diplomats, mayors (or other notable local officials), or as prominent members of the legal profession or the military.

Presidents

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Cabinet Secretaries

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Attorneys General

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William Barr

Cabinet-level officers

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Madeleine Albright
Alan Greenspan

Directors of Central Intelligence

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William J. Donovan

White House Counsel

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Samuel Rosenman

Members of the Federal Reserve System

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Arthur F. Burns

Other presidential advisors

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Pat Buchanan
Zbigniew Brzezinski
Ulysses S. Grant Jr.
George Stephanopoulos
Isidor Isaac Rabi

Commissioners and agency heads, sub-cabinet members

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Solicitors general

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Judges

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Benjamin N. Cardozo
William O. Douglas
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Neil Gorsuch
Charles Evans Hughes
John Jay
Joseph McKenna
Harlan F. Stone
Egbert Benson
José A. Cabranes
Julius Marshuetz Mayer
Constance Baker Motley
Edmund Louis Palmieri

Supreme Court Justices

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U.S. federal judges

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  • Lynn Adelman – (LL.B. 1965), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin[13]
  • Ann Aldrich – (B.A. 1948), judge, U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio[13]
  • Roy Altman – (B.A. 2004), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida[13]
  • Harry B. Anderson – (LL.B. 1904), judge, U.S. District Court for the Western District of Tennessee[13]
  • Harold Baker – (attended college), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Illinois; chief judge, U.S. District Court for the Central District of Illinois; judge, Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court; judge, Alien Terrorist Removal Court[13]
  • Maryanne Trump Barry – (M.A. 1962), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit[13]
  • Benjamin Beaton – (J.D. 2009), judge, U.S. District Court for the Western District of Kentucky[13]
  • Egbert Benson – (B.A. 1765), chief judge, U.S. Circuit Court for the Second Circuit[13]
  • Joseph F. Bianco – (J.D. 1991), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • Stephanos Bibas – (B.A. 1989), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit[13]
  • Samuel Blatchford – (B.A. 1837), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit; associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States[13]
  • Victor Allen Bolden – (B.A. 1986), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Connecticut[13]
  • William Bondy – (B.A. 1890, M.A. 1891, Ph.D. 1892, LL.B. 1893), chief judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Richard F. Boulware – (J.D. 2002), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Nevada[13]
  • Hugh H. Bownes – (B.A. 1941, LL.B. 1948), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Hampshire; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit[13]
  • Vincent L. Briccetti – (B.A. 1976), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Charles L. Brieant – (B.A. 1947, LL.B. 1949), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Anita B. Brody – (J.D. 1958), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania[13]
  • Gary R. Brown – (B.A. 1985), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • Frederick van Pelt Bryan – (B.A. 1925, LL.B. 1928), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Naomi Reice Buchwald – (LL.B. 1968), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Mortimer W. Byers – (LL.B. 1898), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • José A. Cabranes – (B.A. 1961), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Connecticut; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[13]
  • Robert L. Carter – (LL.M. 1941), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Claire C. Cecchi – (B.A. 1986), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey[13]
  • Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum – (B.A. 1950, LL.B. 1953), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Thomas Chatfield – (LL.B. 1896), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • John H. Chun – (B.A. 1991), judge, U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington[13]
  • U. W. Clemon – (J.D. 1968), judge, U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Alabama[13]
  • LeBaron Bradford Colt – (LL.B. 1870), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Rhode Island; judge, U.S. Circuit Courts for the First Circuit; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit[13]
  • Kenneth Conboy – (M.A. 1980), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Denise Cote – (M.A. 1969, J.D. 1975), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Joseph Cross – (attended law school), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey[13]
  • Oscar Hirsh Davis – (LL.B. 1937), judge, Court of Claims; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit[13]
  • Archie Owen Dawson – (B.A. 1921, LL.B. 1923), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Dickinson R. Debevoise – (LL.B. 1951), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey[13]
  • Paul S. Diamond – (B.A. 1974), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania[13]
  • James Edward Doyle – (LL.B. 1940), judge, U.S. District Court for the Western District of Wisconsin[13]
  • Kyle Duncan – (LL.M. 2004), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit[13]
  • Samantha D. Elliott – (J.D. 2006), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Hampshire[13]
  • James Alger Fee – (LL.B. 1914), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Oregon; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit[13]
  • Wilfred Feinberg – (B.A. 1940, LL.B. 1946), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[13]
  • Marvin E. Frankel – (LL.B. 1948), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Daniel Mortimer Friedman – (B.A. 1937, LL.B. 1940), chief judge, Court of Claims; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit[13]
  • Lee Parsons Gagliardi – (LL.B. 1947), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Nicholas Garaufis – (B.A. 1969, J.D. 1974), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • Paul G. Gardephe – (J.D. 1982), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Leonard I. Garth – (B.A. 1942), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit[13]
  • Nancy Gertner – (B.A. 1967), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts[13]
  • Ruth Bader Ginsburg – (LL.B. 1959), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit; associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States[13]
  • Gerard Louis Goettel – (J.D. 1955), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Neil Gorsuch – (B.A. 1988), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit; associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States[13]
  • Nathaniel M. Gorton – (LL.B. 1966), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts[13]
  • Joseph A. Greenaway Jr. – (B.A. 1978), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit[13]
  • Jennifer Choe-Groves – (LL.M. 1998), judge, U.S. Court of International Trade[13]
  • Diane Gujarati – (B.A. 1990), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • Murray Gurfein – (B.A. 1926), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[13]
  • John Patrick Hartigan – (M.A. 1913, LL.B. 1913), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Rhode Island; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit[13]
  • Richard Hartshorne – (LL.B. 1912), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey[13]
  • Alexander Harvey II – (LL.B. 1950), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland[13]
  • Paul R. Hays – (B.A. 1924, M.A. 1927, LL.B. 1933), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[13]
  • Alvin Hellerstein – (B.A. 1954, J.D. 1956), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • William Bernard Herlands – (LL.B. 1928), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Ogden Hoffman Jr. – (B.A. 1840), judge, U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California; judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California; judge, U.S. District Court for the District of California; judge, U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California[13]
  • George Chandler Holt – (LL.B. 1869), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Alexander Holtzoff – (B.A. 1908, M.A. 1909, LL.B. 1911), associate justice, District Court of the U.S. for the District of Columbia[13]
  • Richard J. Holwell – (J.D. 1970), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Denise Page Hood – (J.D. 1977), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan[13]
  • Beryl A. Howell – (J.D. 1983), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia[13]
  • Denis Reagan Hurley – (M.B.A. 1962), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • Sandra Segal Ikuta – (M.S. 1978), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit[13]
  • Dora Irizarry – (J.D. 1979), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • Kenneth M. Karas – (J.D. 1991), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Lawrence K. Karlton – (J.D. 1958), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of California[13]
  • Gary Stephen Katzmann – (B.A. 1973), judge, U.S. Court of International Trade[13]
  • Robert Katzmann – (B.A. 1973), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[13]
  • Claire R. Kelly – (B.A. 1987), judge, U.S. Court of International Trade[13]
  • Emile Henry Lacombe – (B.A. 1863, LL.B. 1865), judge, U.S. Circuit Courts for the Second Circuit; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[13]
  • Barbara Lagoa – (J.D. 1992), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit[13]
  • Peter K. Leisure – (attended law school), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • F. Dickinson Letts – (attended), associate justice, Supreme Court of the District of Columbia[13]
  • Ira Lloyd Letts – (LL.B. 1917), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Rhode Island[13]
  • Harold Leventhal – (B.A. 1934, LL.B. 1936), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit[13]
  • Mary Johnson Lowe – (LL.M. 1955), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Gerard E. Lynch – (B.A. 1972, J.D. 1975), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[13]
  • Frank J. Magill – (M.A. 1953), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit[13]
  • J. Daniel Mahoney – (LL.B. 1955), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[13]
  • Nancy L. Maldonado – (J.D. 2001), judge, U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois[13]
  • Martin Thomas Manton – (LL.B. 1901), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • John S. Martin Jr. – (LL.B. 1961), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Howard Matz – (B.A. 1965), judge, U.S. District Court for the Central District of California[13]
  • Julius Marshuetz Mayer – (LL.B. 1886), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[13]
  • Carl E. McGowan – (LL.B. 1936), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit[13]
  • Joseph McKenna – (attended law school), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit; associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States[14]
  • Lawrence M. McKenna – (LL.B. 1959), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Charles F. McLaughlin – (LL.B. 1910), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia[13]
  • Hugh Dean McLellan – (LL.B. 1901), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts[13]
  • Harold Medina – (LL.B. 1912), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[13]
  • Charles Miller Metzner – (B.A. 1931, LL.B. 1933), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York; judge, Temporary Emergency Court of Appeals[13]
  • Jack Miller – (J.D. 1946), associate judge, U.S. Court of Customs and Patent Appeals; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit[13]
  • Alfred Egidio Modarelli – (B.A. 1920, M.A. 1922, LL.M. 1922), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey[13]
  • Leonard P. Moore – (LL.B. 1922), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[13]
  • Constance Baker Motley – (LL.B. 1946), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Michael Mukasey – (B.A. 1963), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • William Daniel Murray – (attended), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Montana[13]
  • Pauline Newman – (M.A. 1948), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit[13]
  • Eugene Nickerson – (LL.B. 1943), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • Maryellen Noreika – (M.A. 1990), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware[13]
  • Ambrose O'Connell – (LL.B. 1910), associate judge, U.S. Court of Customs and Patent Appeals[13]
  • James Carriger Paine – (B.S. 1947), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida[13]
  • Edmund Louis Palmieri – (B.A. 1926, LL.B. 1929), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Robert P. Patterson Jr. – (LL.B. 1950), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Myrna Pérez – (J.D. 2003), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[13]
  • S. Jay Plager – (LL.M. 1961), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit[13]
  • Milton Pollack – (B.A. 1927, J.D. 1929), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Timothy M. Reif – (J.D. 1985), judge, U.S. Court of International Trade[13]
  • Walter Herbert Rice – (J.D. 1962, M.B.A. 1962), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Ohio[13]
  • Giles Rich – (LL.B. 1929), associate judge, U.S. Court of Customs and Patent Appeals; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit[13]
  • Simon H. Rifkind – (LL.B. 1925), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Richard W. Roberts – (J.D. 1978), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia[13]
  • George Rosling – (B.A. 1920), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • Veronica S. Rossman – (B.A. 1993), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit[13]
  • Robert D. Sack – (LL.B. 1963), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit[13]
  • Shira Scheindlin – (M.A. 1969), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York; magistrate, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • Richard Seeborg – (J.D. 1981), judge, U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California[13]
  • Charles Proctor Sifton – (LL.B. 1961), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • William Francis Smith – (Ph.G. 1922), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey; judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit[13]
  • Leo T. Sorokin – (J.D. 1991), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts[13]
  • James Marshall Sprouse – (LL.B. 1949), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit[13]
  • John Foster Symes – (LL.B. 1903), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Colorado[13]
  • Anna Diggs Taylor – (B.A. 1954), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan[13]
  • Analisa Torres – (J.D. 1984), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • David G. Trager – (B.A. 1959), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • Robert Troup – (B.A. 1774), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New York[13]
  • Harold R. Tyler Jr. – (LL.B. 1949), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • William P. Van Ness – (B.A. 1797), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New York; judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Van Vechten Veeder – judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • Richard Wilde Walker – (attended law school), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit[13]
  • Lawrence Walsh – (B.A. 1932, LL.B. 1935), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Jack B. Weinstein – (LL.B. 1948), chief judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]
  • George Emery Weller – (LL.B. 1889), associate justice, U.S. Customs Court; member, Board of General Appraisers[13]
  • Lawrence Aloysius Whipple – (B.S. 1933), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey[13]
  • Helene White – (B.A. 1975), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit[13]
  • Jerre Stockton Williams – (J.D. 1941), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit[13]
  • Karen J. Williams – (B.A. 1972), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit[13]
  • Francis A. Winslow – (LL.B. 1889), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Peter Woodbury – (attended law school), judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit[13]
  • John M. Woolsey – (LL.B. 1901), judge, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York[13]
  • Reynier Jacob Wortendyke Jr. – (LL.B. 1922), judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey[13]
  • Joseph Carmine Zavatt – (B.A. 1922, LL.B. 1924), judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York[13]

U.S. non-federal judges

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Edgar M. Cullen
Robert R. Livingston
Lawrence Collins, Baron Collins of Mapesbury
Xue Hanqin

Foreign judges

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U.S. Senators

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Hamilton Fish
Mike Gravel
Claiborne Pell
See also: Notable alumni of Columbia Law School (Legislative branch) and Columbia College of Columbia University (United States Political figures) for additional listing of more than 40 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

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Shirley Chisholm
John Delaney
Hamilton Fish II
Judd Gregg
Abram Hewitt
George R. Lunn
Peter Meijer
Beto O'Rourke
Adam Clayton Powell Jr.
John Randolph of Roanoke
Henry Jarvis Raymond
James I. Roosevelt
J. Mayhew Wainwright

Governors

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U.S. Diplomats

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See also: Notable alumni of Columbia Law School (Diplomats), Columbia College of Columbia University (United States Diplomatic figures), School of International and Public Affairs for separate listing of more than 40 diplomats

Non-U.S. Attorneys General

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Non-U.S. Ministers, diplomats and prominent political figures

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{{columns-list|colwidth=20em|

Military

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Attorneys

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See also: Notable alumni of Columbia Law School (Miscellaneous U.S. government; Non-U.S. government; State government; and Private legal practice) for separate listing of more than 120 attorneys in U.S. government service, non-U.S. government service, state government, and private practice

City government

[edit]
See also: Notable alumni of Columbia College of Columbia University (United States Political figures) and Columbia Law School (City government) for additional listing of more than 25 mayors

Mayors of New York City

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Other mayors

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Commentators

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Candidates

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Spies (or alleged)

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Whittaker Chambers

Other

[edit]
Chelsea Clinton
Robert Moses
Pixley ka Isaka Seme

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Cooper was awarded an Honorary Testimonial degree in 1842 for his completion of the "Literary and Scientific Course", offered from 1837 to 1843; he graduated at the top of his class. He was later conferred an honorary master's degree by Columbia in 1845.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Medal of Freedom: Georgetown's Second Goes to Madeleine Albright Archived December 16, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Georgetown University. April 26, 2012. Retrieved May 29, 2012.
  2. ^ "Columbia | SIPA Center on Global Energy Policy | Avril Haines". www.energypolicy.columbia.edu. Retrieved July 13, 2021.
  3. ^ "Joseph F. Finnegan, Ex-Director Of U.S. Mediation Service, Dies; Lawyer Held Federal Post From 1955 to 1961, Then Headed State Board". The New York Times. February 13, 1964. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
  4. ^ "List of Directors | U.S. Department of Labor". www.dol.gov. Retrieved July 10, 2021.
  5. ^ "President Obama Announces More Key Administration Posts". whitehouse.gov. March 17, 2011. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
  6. ^ "Press Release: Thomasina Rogers Sworn In as 11th Chairman of the Review Commission". OSHRC. May 14, 2009. Archived from the original on February 15, 2013.
  7. ^ "News Release: Thomasina Rogers Appointed Chairman of the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission". OSHRC. May 27, 1999. Archived from the original on February 15, 2013.
  8. ^ "Commissioners". Federal Trade Commission. June 7, 2013. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
  9. ^ The Thirteenth International World Wide Web Conference Archived October 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, New York. May 17–22, 2004. Retrieved March 3, 2012.
  10. ^ "Ambassador Karan K. Bhatia, Deputy United States Trade Representative". georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
  11. ^ "Karan K. Bhatia". www.nndb.com. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
  12. ^ a b "Presidents Roosevelt Awarded Law Degrees Posthumously | Columbia Law School". Archived from the original on July 5, 2016. Retrieved December 18, 2012.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb Biographical Directory of Federal Judges. Federal Judicial Center.
  14. ^ a b c Hall, Timothy L. (2001). Supreme Court Justices: A Biographical Dictionary. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4381-0817-9.
  15. ^ "Columbia Law School : Lord Justice Lawrence A. Collins '65, LL.M. Appointed to U.K. Supreme Court". Archived from the original on January 9, 2013.
  16. ^ Aquino Appoints Government Peace Panel Chairman Leonen as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, Embassy of the Philippines. Washington, D.C. November 21, 2012. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
  17. ^ "GW Law Professor Sean D. Murphy to be Nominated for U.N. International Law Commission | News Releases | Media Room | Explore | The George Washington University ..."
  18. ^ "Sean D. Murphy". Opinio Juris. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
  19. ^ Nyamwembe, Denis (August 20, 2022). "The Seven Judges of Supreme Court of Kenya". Jambo News. Retrieved August 20, 2022.
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