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Mayor of Seattle

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Mayor of Seattle
Incumbent
Bruce Harrell
since January 1, 2022
Government of Seattle
StyleThe Honorable
Term length4 years
Inaugural holderHenry A. Atkins
FormationDecember 2, 1869
WebsiteOfficial website

The Mayor of Seattle is the head of the executive branch of the city government of Seattle, Washington. The mayor is authorized by the city charter to enforce laws enacted by the Seattle City Council, as well as direct subordinate officers in city departments.[1][2] (The Seattle City Council, the legislative branch of city government, is led by the council president.)

The mayor serves a four-year term, without term limits, and is chosen in citywide, two-round elections between nonpartisan candidates.

Since the appointment of Henry A. Atkins in 1869, 56 individuals have held the office of mayor. The city elected Bertha Knight Landes, the first female mayor of a major U.S. city, in 1926.[3] Several mayors have served non-consecutive terms, while others have resigned or faced recall elections.[4][5] Charles Royer holds the record for longest mayoral tenure in the city's history, serving three full terms from 1978 to 1990.[6]

Bruce Harrell took office as mayor on January 1, 2022, becoming the first Asian-American and second African-American mayor in Seattle's History.[7]

History

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Seattle was initially incorporated as a town on January 14, 1865, by the Washington Territorial Legislature, governed by a board of trustees. Charles C. Terry served as president of the board of trustees,[8] which remained unchanged until the town's disincorporation on January 28, 1867.[2] The town of Seattle was incorporated a second time on December 2, 1869, with a new city charter that established the position of mayor. Henry A. Atkins was appointed the first mayor of Seattle by the Territorial Legislature, and was elected to the office on July 11, 1870.[9][10]

A new city charter, the Freeholders Charter, was adopted in 1890 and extended the mayor's term in office from one year to two years, but barred consecutive terms.[11][12] The charter also moved elections to the first Monday in March and required the mayor to be at least 30 years of age and live within the city for two years.[11][13]

A new city charter that was approved by the city's voters in 1946 lengthened the term of office for mayors from two years to four years, starting with the 1948 elections.[11][14] In 1969 the age and residence requirements were removed from the charter.[15]

Duties and powers

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The mayor is the head of the executive branch of Seattle's municipal government, charged with the appointment and management of 25 department and commission heads that work directly for the mayor.[16] In the event of an absence of the mayor, the president of the Seattle City Council assumes the duties of the position as mayor pro tem until their return, but a notification is not necessary under the city charter.[17]

Elections and succession

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The mayor is elected in a citywide election held every four years, composed of two stages: a primary election in August and a general election between the top two candidates in November. Elections are officially non-partisan.[18]

If the office of mayor becomes vacant, the president of the city council becomes mayor for a five-day period to immediately fill the position. If the president of the city council declines to remain mayor, the city council is authorized to vote to appoint a councilmember to the role of mayor. The councilmember appointed to the position under both scenarios will forfeit their position on the city council until the next election.[19][20][21] A mayor-elect can also take office earlier than the official inauguration date (January 1), upon certification of the election results and a decision by the city council to replace the appointed mayor.

A two-thirds majority vote of the city council can remove the mayor from office for a willful violation of duty or an offense involving moral turpitude.[22][23]

List of mayors

[edit]
# Photo Mayor Took office[18] Left office[18] Election results and notes[24]
1   Henry A. Atkins December 2, 1869 July 31, 1871 Appointed on December 2, 1869. Elected July 11, 1870.[10]
2   John T. Jordan July 31, 1871 July 29, 1872 Elected July 10, 1871.[25]
3   Corliss P. Stone July 29, 1872 February 23, 1873 Elected July 8, 1872.[26] Left office on February 23, 1873, due to alleged embezzlement of funds.[27]
    John T. Jordan April 5, 1873 June 5, 1873 Appointed to fill position until special election.[27]
4   Moses R. Maddocks June 5, 1873 August 3, 1873 Won special election on June 5, 1873, to serve the rest of Stone's regular term.[27]
5   John Collins August 3, 1873 August 2, 1874 Elected on July 14, 1873.[28]
6   Henry Yesler August 2, 1874 August 2, 1875 Elected July 13, 1874.[29]
7   Bailey Gatzert August 2, 1875 July 31, 1876 Elected August 2, 1875.[30]
8   Gideon A. Weed July 31, 1876 July 29, 1878 Elected July 10, 1876,[31] and re-elected July 9, 1877.[32]
9   Beriah Brown July 29, 1878 August 3, 1879 Elected July 8, 1878.[33]
10   Orange Jacobs August 3, 1879 August 2, 1880 Elected July 14, 1879.[34]
11   Leonard P. Smith August 2, 1880 July 31, 1882 Elected July 12, 1880.[35]
12   Henry G. Struve July 31, 1882 August 3, 1884 Elected July 10, 1882,[36] and re-elected on July 9, 1883.[37]
13   John Leary August 3, 1884 August 3, 1885 Elected July 14, 1884.[38]
    Henry Yesler August 3, 1885 August 2, 1886 Elected July 13, 1885, to a non-consecutive second term.[39]
14   William H. Shoudy August 2, 1886 August 1, 1887 Elected July 12, 1886.[40]
15   Thomas T. Minor August 1, 1887 July 30, 1888 Elected July 11, 1887.[41]
16   Robert Moran July 30, 1888 August 3, 1890 Elected July 9, 1888,[42] and re-elected July 8, 1889.[43]
17   Harry White August 3, 1890 December 9, 1891 Elected July 14, 1890, to an abbreviated term under 1890 charter.[18] Resigned on November 30, 1891.[44]
18   George W. Hall December 9, 1891 March 31, 1892 Appointed.[45]
19   James T. Ronald March 31, 1892 March 19, 1894 Elected March 8, 1892.[46]
20   Byron Phelps March 19, 1894 March 16, 1896 Elected March 12, 1894.[47]
21   Frank D. Black March 16, 1896 April 6, 1896 Elected March 9, 1896. Resigned after three weeks in office.[48]
22   W. D. Wood April 6, 1896 July 1897 Appointed to fill unexpired term. Resigned in July 1897 to participate in the Klondike Gold Rush.[49]
23   Thomas J. Humes November 19, 1897 March 21, 1904 Elected by City Council to fill unexpired term.[50]
24   Richard A. Ballinger March 21, 1904 March 19, 1906 Elected March 8, 1904.[51]
25   William Hickman Moore March 19, 1906 March 16, 1908 Elected March 6, 1906.[52]
26   John Miller March 16, 1908 March 21, 1910 Elected March 3, 1908.[53]
27   Hiram C. Gill March 21, 1910 February 11, 1911 Elected March 8, 1910. Recalled in special election held February 9, 1911.[54]
28   George W. Dilling February 11, 1911 March 18, 1912 Elected February 7, 1911.[55]
29   George F. Cotterill March 18, 1912 March 16, 1914 Elected March 5, 1912.[56]
    Hiram C. Gill March 16, 1914 March 18, 1918 Elected March 3, 1914.[57]
30   Ole Hanson March 18, 1918 August 28, 1919 Elected March 5, 1918. Resigned August 28, 1919, to move to California.[58]
31   C. B. Fitzgerald August 28, 1919 March 14, 1920 Appointed to fill unexpired term.[59]
32   Hugh M. Caldwell March 14, 1920 June 5, 1922 Elected March 2, 1920.[60]
33   Edwin J. Brown June 5, 1922 June 7, 1926 Elected May 2, 1922,[61] and re-elected March 4, 1924.[62]
34   Bertha Knight Landes June 7, 1926 June 4, 1928 Elected March 9, 1926. First female mayor.[63]
35   Frank E. Edwards June 4, 1928 July 14, 1931 Elected March 6, 1928,[64] and re-elected March 4, 1930.[65] Recalled in special election held July 13, 1931.[66]
36   Robert H. Harlin July 14, 1931 June 4, 1932 Appointed to finish unexpired term.[66]
37   John F. Dore June 4, 1932 June 4, 1934 Elected March 8, 1932.[67]
38   Charles L. Smith June 4, 1934 June 1, 1936 Elected March 6, 1934.[68]
    John F. Dore June 1, 1936 April 13, 1938 Elected March 3, 1936.[69] Relieved of office on April 13, 1938, due to sickness. Died on April 18, 1938.[70]
    James Scavotto April 13, 1938 April 27, 1938 Appointed to fill position until city council decision.[citation needed]
39   Arthur B. Langlie April 27, 1938 January 11, 1941 Elected March 8, 1938.[71] Appointed as mayor-elect due to relieving (and death) of Mayor Dore. Re-elected May 5, 1940. Resigned January 11, 1941, to become Governor of Washington.[72]
40   John E. Carroll January 27, 1941 March 27, 1941 Appointed until special election.[73]
41   Earl Millikin March 27, 1941 June 1, 1942 Elected March 4, 1941, to finish unexpired term.[74]
42   William F. Devin June 1, 1942 June 1, 1952 Elected March 3, 1942.[75] Re-elected on March 7, 1944,[76] March 5, 1946,[11] and March 2, 1948.
43   Allan Pomeroy June 1, 1952 June 4, 1956 Elected March 4, 1952.[77]
44   Gordon Clinton June 4, 1956 April 6, 1964 Elected March 6, 1956,[78] and re-elected March 8, 1960.[79]
45   James d'Orma Braman April 6, 1964 March 23, 1969 Elected March 10, 1964. Resigned to accept appointment as Assistant Secretary of Urban Systems and Environment in the U.S. Department of Transportation.[80]
46   Floyd C. Miller March 23, 1969 December 1, 1969
47   Wesley C. Uhlman December 1, 1969 January 1, 1978 Elected November 4, 1969,[81] and re-elected November 6, 1973.[82] Survived recall attempt on July 1, 1975.[83]
48   Charles Royer January 1, 1978 January 1, 1990 Elected November 8, 1977.[84] Re-elected on November 3, 1981,[85] and November 5, 1985.[86]
49   Norm Rice January 1, 1990 January 1, 1998 Elected November 7, 1989,[87] and re-elected November 2, 1993.[88] First African-American mayor.[87]
50   Paul Schell January 1, 1998 January 1, 2002 Elected November 4, 1997.[89]
51   Greg Nickels January 1, 2002 January 1, 2010 Elected November 6, 2001,[90] and re-elected November 8, 2005.[91]
52   Michael McGinn January 1, 2010 January 1, 2014 Elected November 3, 2009.[92]
53   Ed Murray January 1, 2014 September 13, 2017 Elected November 5, 2013. Resigned due to sexual abuse allegations.[93] First gay mayor.
54   Bruce Harrell September 13, 2017 September 18, 2017 Appointed through position as City Council President to finish unexpired term,[94] declined to accept appointment and therefore a replacement was selected by City Council.[95] First Asian-American mayor and second African-American mayor.
55   Tim Burgess September 18, 2017 November 28, 2017 Appointed by Seattle City Council to finish unexpired term.[96]
56   Jenny Durkan November 28, 2017 January 1, 2022 Elected November 7, 2017.
57   Bruce Harrell January 1, 2022 Incumbent Elected November 2, 2021.

References

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  1. ^ "Charter of the City of Seattle, Article V: Executive Department". Seattle City Clerk. November 5, 2013. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  2. ^ a b "Mayors of the City of Seattle". Seattle Municipal Archives. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  3. ^ Seattle City Council Members, 1869-Present Chronological Listing, Seattle City Archives. Accessed online 19 July 2008.
  4. ^ Michel, Riley (September 12, 2017). "When did other Seattle mayors leave office?". KIRO 7 News. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  5. ^ Berger, Knute (May 10, 2013). "Seattle mayor's office: Hard to hold on to". Crosscut.com. Retrieved September 19, 2017.
  6. ^ Anderson, Ross (September 16, 2001). "City's 50 mayors range from leaders to losers". The Seattle Times. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  7. ^ "Bruce Harrell officially becomes Seattle's new mayor". FOX 13 Seattle. January 1, 2022. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
  8. ^ Suffia, David (November 30, 1969). "City Charter 100 Years Old Tuesday". The Seattle Times. p. 94.
  9. ^ Conover, C. T. (August 21, 1960). "Just Cogitating: Town of Seattle Was Incorporated Late in 1864". The Seattle Times. p. 5.
  10. ^ McDonald, Robert T. (March 12, 1944). "Seattle's Mayors". The Seattle Times. p. 35.
  11. ^ Charter of The City of Seattle, Commonly Known as The Freeholders' Charter. Seattle: The Northwestern Printing Company. October 1, 1890. p. 31. OCLC 38579564. Retrieved September 13, 2017 – via Google Books.
  12. ^ "Seven Seattleites Seek Mayoralty" (February 24, 1948). Associated Press via The Oregonian, p. 9.
  13. ^ "Online Information Resources - CityClerk | seattle.gov".
  14. ^ "Office of the Mayor" (PDF). City of Seattle Adopted Budget. City of Seattle. December 2003. p. 559. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  15. ^ Kroman, David (February 13, 2020). "Who is the mayor supposed to tell when she leaves town? Seattle shooting raises question". Crosscut.com. Retrieved February 24, 2020.
  16. ^ a b c d Seattle Municipal Archives. List of Mayors (1869–1890; 1890–1948; 1948–present). Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  17. ^ "Charter of the City of Seattle. Article XIX, Sec. 6". City of Seattle. November 5, 2013. Retrieved September 19, 2017.
  18. ^ Norimine, Hayat (September 12, 2017). "So Murray Is Resigning—What's Next for the City?". Seattle Met. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  19. ^ Groover, Heidi (September 13, 2017). "Bruce Harrell Is Now the Mayor of Seattle". The Stranger. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  20. ^ Norimine, Hayat (July 17, 2017). "The Charter Challenge in Removing Murray". Seattle Met. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  21. ^ "The Charter of the City of Seattle, Article V Section 10". Municode. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
  22. ^ "Historical Election Results". Seattle Municipal Archives. Retrieved September 19, 2017.
  23. ^ David Wilma and Cassandra Tate, Voters elect John T. Jordan as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 10, 1871, HistoryLink, November 8, 2000, expanded August 31, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  24. ^ David Wilma and Cassandra Tate, Voters elect Corliss P. Stone as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 8, 1872, HistoryLink, November 30, 2000, greatly expanded August 31, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  25. ^ a b c Note: John T. Jordan appointed as acting mayor (due to Stone's alleged embezzlement and departure to San Francisco February 23, 1873) until a special election could be arranged. Moses R. Maddocks was elected to fill the final two months of Stone's term: Greg Lange and Cassandra Tate, Seattle Mayor Corliss P. Stone embezzles $15,000 and runs on February 23, 1873, HistoryLink, November 4, 1998, expanded August 31, 2004. Accessed online 2009-11-26.
    Maddocks took office June 5, 1873: Seattle Mayors, City of Seattle. Accessed online 2009-11-26.
  26. ^ David Wilma and Cassandra Tate, Voters elect John Collins as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 14, 1873, HistoryLink, November 8, 2000, greatly expanded August 31, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  27. ^ David Wilma and Cassandra Tate, Voters elect Henry Yesler as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 13, 1874, HistoryLink, December 16, 2000, greatly expanded August 31, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  28. ^ Lee Micklin, Jewish mayor of Seattle Bailey Gatzert is elected on August 2, 1875, HistoryLink, October 30, 1998. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  29. ^ David Wilma and Cassandra Tate, Voters elect Gideon A. Weed as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 10, 1876, HistoryLink, January 1, 2000, greatly expanded August 31, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  30. ^ David Wilma and Cassandra Tate, Voters re-elect Gideon A. Weed as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 9, 1877, HistoryLink, November 8, 2000, greatly expanded August 31, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  31. ^ Cassandra Tate, Voters elect People's Ticket candidate Beriah Brown as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 8, 1878, HistoryLink, November 29, 2000, greatly expanded August 31, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  32. ^ Cassandra Tate, Voters elect Orange Jacobs as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 14, 1879, HistoryLink, November 8, 2000, greatly expanded August 31, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  33. ^ HistoryLink Staff, Voters elect Republican Leonard P. Smith as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 12, 1880, HistoryLink, November 29, 2000, corrected August 30, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  34. ^ Cassandra Tate, Voters elect Henry G. Struve as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 10, 1882, HistoryLink, November 29, 2000, substantially expanded September 2, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  35. ^ Cassandra Tate, Voters re-elect Henry G. Struve as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 9, 1883, HistoryLink, November 29, 2000, greatly expanded on September 1, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  36. ^ Cassandra Tate, Voters elect businessman John Leary as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 14, 1884, HistoryLink, September 2, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  37. ^ Cassandra Tate, Voters elect Henry Yesler to a second term as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 13, 1885, HistoryLink, September 16, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  38. ^ Cassandra Tate, Voters elect Peoples Party candidate William H. Shoudy as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 12, 1886, HistoryLink, September 9, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  39. ^ Kit Oldham, Voters elect Dr. Thomas T. Minor as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 11, 1887, HistoryLink, August 13, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  40. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect businessman Robert Moran as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 9, 1888, HistoryLink. Date unclear: site erroneously says "January 01, 1900". Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  41. ^ Cassandra Tate, Voters re-elect businessman Robert Moran as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 8, 1889, HistoryLink, September 23, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  42. ^ Cassandra Tate, Voters elect Harry White as mayor of the City of Seattle on July 14, 1890, HistoryLink, September 22, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  43. ^ Cassandra Tate, City Council appoints George W. Hall as mayor of City of Seattle on December 9, 1891, HistoryLink, September 23, 2004. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  44. ^ Dave Wilma, Voters elect James T. Ronald as Mayor of the City of Seattle on March 8, 1892, HistoryLink, November 16, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  45. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Byron Phelps as Mayor of the City of Seattle on March 12, 1894, HistoryLink, November 16, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  46. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Frank D. Black as Mayor of the City of Seattle on March 9, 1896, HistoryLink, November 16, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  47. ^ David Wilma, City Council appoints William D. Wood as Mayor of the City of Seattle on April 6, 1896, HistoryLink, November 16, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  48. ^ David Wilma, City Council appoints Thomas J. Humes as Mayor of the City of Seattle on November 19, 1897, HistoryLink, November 16, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  49. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Richard A. Ballinger as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 8, 1904, HistoryLinks, November 29, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  50. ^ Dave Wilma, Voters elect William Hickman Moore as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 6, 1906, HistoryLink, November 29, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  51. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect John F. Miller as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 3, 1908, HistoryLink, November 29, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  52. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Hiram C. Gill as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 8, 1910, HistoryLink, November 27, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  53. ^ Wilma, David. "Voters recall Seattle Mayor Hiram Gill from office on February 7, 1911". HistoryLink. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  54. ^ Dave Wilma, Voters elect George F. Cotterill as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 5, 1912, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  55. ^ Dave Wilma, Voters elect Hiram C. Gill as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 3, 1914, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  56. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Ole Hanson as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 5, 1918, HistoryLink, November 16, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  57. ^ David Wilma, Seattle City Council appoints C. B. Fitzgerald as mayor on August 28, 1919, HistoryLink, November 16, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  58. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Hugh M. Caldwell as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 2, 1920, HistoryLink, November 29, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  59. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Edwin J. Brown as mayor of the City of Seattle on May 2, 1922, HistoryLink, November 29, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  60. ^ David Wilma, Voters re-elect Edwin J. Brown as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 4, 1924, HistoryLink, November 29, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  61. ^ Alan J. Stein, Bertha Landes is elected mayor of Seattle on March 9, 1926, HistoryLink, March 1, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  62. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Frank E. Edwards as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 6, 1928, HistoryLink, November 29, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  63. ^ David Wilma, Voters re-elect Frank E. Edwards as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 4, 1930, HistoryLink, November 29, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  64. ^ a b David Wilma, Voters recall Mayor Frank Edwards from office for firing City Light Superintendent J. D. Ross on July 13, 1931, HistoryLink, September 9, 2001. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  65. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect John F. Dore as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 8, 1932, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  66. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Charles L. Smith as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 6, 1934, HistoryLink, November 27, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  67. ^ David Wilma, Voters return John F. Dore as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 3, 1936, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  68. ^ Wilma, David (October 7, 2000). "Dore, John Francis (1881-1938)". HistoryLink. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  69. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Arthur B. Langlie as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 8, 1938, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  70. ^ David Wilma, Voters re-elect Arthur B. Langlie as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 5, 1940, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  71. ^ David Wilma, City Council appoints John E. Carroll as mayor of the City of Seattle on January 27, 1941, HistoryLink, November 27, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  72. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Earl Millikin as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 4, 1941, HistoryLink, November 27, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  73. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect William F. Devin as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 3, 1942, HistoryLink, November 16, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  74. ^ David Wilma, Voters re-elect William F. Devin as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 7, 1944, HistoryLink, November 16, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  75. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Allan Pomeroy as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 4, 1952, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  76. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Gordon S. Clinton as mayor of the city of Seattle on March 6, 1956, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  77. ^ David Wilma, Voters re-elect Gordon S. Clinton as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 8, 1960, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  78. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect James d'Orma Braman as mayor of the City of Seattle on March 10, 1964, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  79. ^ Alan J. Stein, Voters elect Wes Uhlman as Seattle Mayor on November 4, 1969, HistoryLink, June 9, 1999. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  80. ^ David Wilma, http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2830, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  81. ^ David Wilma, Mayor Wes Uhlman survives recall attempt on July 1, 1975, HistoryLink, October 3, 2001. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  82. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Charles Royer as mayor of the city of Seattle on November 8, 1977, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  83. ^ David Wilma, Voters re-elect Charles Royer as mayor of the City of Seattle on November 3, 1981, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  84. ^ David Wilma, Voters re-elect Charles Royer as mayor of the city of Seattle on November 5, 1985, HistoryLink, November 19, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  85. ^ a b Walt Crowley, Rice wins election as Seattle's first African American mayor on November 7, 1989, HistoryLink, January 1, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  86. ^ Mary T. Henry, Rice, Norman B. (b.1943), HistoryLink, September 17, 2007]
  87. ^ David Wilma, Voters elect Paul Schell as mayor of the City of Seattle on November 4, 1997, HistoryLink, November 16, 2000. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  88. ^ Walt Crowley, Seattle voters elect Greg Nickels mayor on November 6, 2001, HistoryLink, January 1, 2002. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  89. ^ Kit Oldham, Voters ban indoor smoking, require performance audits, reject dueling malpractice initiatives, and pull the plug on the monorail on November 8, 2005, HistoryLink, February 8, 2006. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  90. ^ Emily Heffter and Jonathan Martin, McGinn next Seattle mayor; Mallahan concedes as vote gap widens Archived August 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, Seattle Times, November 9, 2009. Accessed online November 26, 2009.
  91. ^ Jim Brunner, Daniel Beekman and Lewis Kamb, Seattle Mayor Ed Murray resigns after fifth child sex-abuse allegation, Seattle Times, September 12, 2017. Accessed online September 13, 2017.
  92. ^ Beekman, Daniel (September 13, 2017). "City Council President Bruce Harrell becomes Seattle's 54th mayor; Ed Murray steps down". The Seattle Times. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  93. ^ Travis Pittman, Seattle City Council to vote for acting mayor, King 5 News. September 18, 2017
  94. ^ DeMay, Daniel (September 18, 2017). "Seattle council picks Burgess as new interim mayor". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved September 18, 2017.
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