Corbeil-Essonnes

Corbeil-Essonnes
Commune
The town Hall of Corbeil-Essonnes
Coat of arms
Location (in red) within Paris inner and outer suburbs
Location of Corbeil-Essonnes
Corbeil-Essonnes Corbeil-Essonnes
Coordinates: 48°36′50″N 2°28′55″E
Country	France
Region	Île-de-France
Department	Essonne
Arrondissement	Évry
Canton	Corbeil-Essonnes
Intercommunality	CA Grand Paris Sud Seine-Essonne-Sénart
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Bruno Piriou
Area 1	11.01 km2 (4.25 sq mi)
Population  (2021)	52,683
• Density	4,800/km2 (12,000/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	91174 /
Elevation	32–92 m (105–302 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Corbeil-Essonnes (French: [kɔʁbɛj ɛsɔn] ) on the River Seine is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 28.3 km (17.6 mi) from the center of Paris.

Although neighboring Évry is the official seat of the Arrondissement of Évry, the sub-prefecture building and administration are located inside the commune of Corbeil-Essonnes.

History

Traces of human presence in the area date to the Palaeolithic and Neolithic ages; later it was a Gallo-Roman settlement on the main road from Paris to Sens. The name Corbeil is derived from the Latin Corbulium, from the Gaulish cor beel, meaning "holy house". Since the time of Aymon, comte de Corbeil (died 957), to the 12th century it was the chief town of a powerful county, which passed to Mauger, son of Richard I of Normandy.

William de Corbeil (died 1136) became archbishop of Canterbury, but nothing is known for certain about his parentage. The Gothic church was built in the tenth century and rebuilt in the fifteenth century. Before the expulsion of the Jews Corbeil had a flourishing Jewish community, which numbered thirteenth-century scholars Isaac ben Joseph of Corbeil and Perez ben Elijah. Peter of Corbeil (died 1222) was the teacher of Lotario de' Conti, who became pope as Innocent III.

Representatives of the king of France signed two treaties of Corbeil in the town, the Treaty of Corbeil (1258) between France and Aragon and the Treaty of Corbeil (1326) between France and Scotland.

Corbeil was besieged by the Duke of Burgundy in 1418. The Protestants of France attacked it in 1562 amidst the religious war called the First Civil War. In 1590 General Alessandro Farnese, who had come to the assistance of the Catholics in France, fought at Corbeil.

The composer Camille Saint-Saëns lived in Corbeil for some years of his youth.

The commune of Corbeil-Essonnes was created on 10 August 1951 by the merger of the commune of Corbeil with the commune of Essonnes. The commune town hall (mairie) is located in Corbeil.

Inhabitants of Corbeil-Essonnes are known as Corbeil-Essonnois.

Population

The population data given in the table and graph below for 1946 and earlier refer to the former commune of Corbeil.

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1793 3,000 —     1800 3,347 +1.58% 1806 3,230 −0.59% 1821 3,481 +0.50% 1831 3,708 +0.63% 1836 3,690 −0.10% 1841 4,455 +3.84% 1846 4,409 −0.21% 1851 4,725 +1.39% 1856 5,030 +1.26% 1861 5,221 +0.75% 1866 5,541 +1.20% 1872 6,016 +1.38% 1876 6,392 +1.53% 1881 6,719 +1.00% 1886 7,541 +2.34% 1891 8,184 +1.65% 1896 9,182 +2.33%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1901 9,632 +0.96% 1906 9,902 +0.55% 1911 10,746 +1.65% 1921 10,937 +0.18% 1926 11,230 +0.53% 1931 11,524 +0.52% 1936 11,180 −0.60% 1946 10,976 −0.18% 1954 22,891 +9.62% 1962 26,805 +1.99% 1968 32,192 +3.10% 1975 38,859 +2.73% 1982 37,846 −0.38% 1990 40,345 +0.80% 1999 39,378 −0.27% 2007 41,308 +0.60% 2012 46,017 +2.18% 2017 51,292 +2.19%
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017)

Economy

In the 19th century, Corbeil-Essonnes was a centre of the flour-milling industry. Essonnes also had notable papermills.

Today, X-Fab France SAS is headquartered here and operates a semiconductor fabrication plant. The 55 hectares (0.21 sq mi) site includes 25000 square meters of cleanrooms and a design center. The fab had been founded by IBM in 1964. In 1999 it was transferred into a joint venture between IBM and Infineon, operating under the name Altis Semiconductor^(fr). In 2010 it was sold to Yazid Sabeg for one symbolic Euro. X-Fab acquired the assets of insolvent Altis in 2016.

Safran Aircraft Engines has a plant in Corbeil.

Transport

Corbeil-Essonnes is served by Corbeil-Essonnes station which is an interchange station on Paris RER line D. Corbeil-Essonnes is also served by Essonnes-Robinson station and by Moulin-Galant station on Paris RER line D.

The town is crossed by the EuroVelo 3 track.

Education

There are about 40 schools in Corbeil-Essonnes.

Junior high schools:

• Collège Chantemerle
• Collège La Nacelle
• Collège Louise Michel
• Collège Saint-Spire
• Collège Sédar Senghor

Senior high schools/Sixth-form colleges:

• Lycée Robert Doisneau
• Lycée polyvalent Saint Léon

Notable people

• Nigel Atangana, footballer
• Jean-Sylvain Babin, footballer
• Dylan Bahamboula, footballer
• Demba Diagouraga, footballer
• Claude Dauphin, actor
• Damien Mozika, footballer
• Félicien Rops (1833-1898) Belgian artist and illustrator
• Hadi Sacko, footballer
• PNL, French rappers
• MMZ, French rappers
• William de Corbeil, medieval Archbishop of Canterbury
• Walid Regragui, French-Moroccan football coach
• Breakbot, French musician, DJ and music producer

Twin towns

• Alzira, Spain, since 1991
• Belinho e Mar (Esposende), Portugal, since 2000
• Bishopbriggs, Scotland, since 1989
• Sindelfingen, Germany, since 1961

See also

• Communes of the Essonne department

External links

• Official website (in French)
• website MJC of Corbeil-Essonnes (in French)
• Base Mérimée: Search for heritage in the commune, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
• Land use (IAURIF) (in English)
• Mayors of Essonne Association (in French)