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Jennifer Martiny

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Jennifer Bellanca Hughes Martiny
Alma materUniversity of California, San Diego
Stanford University
Scientific career
InstitutionsUniversity of California, Irvine
Technical University of Denmark
Stanford University
ThesisFrom populations to ecosystems studies on the distribution, importance, and loss of biodiversity (1999)
WebsiteMartiny Lab

Jennifer B. H. Martiny is an American ecologist who is a professor at the University of California, Irvine. Her research considers microbial diversity in marine and terrestrial ecosystems. In 2020 she was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Early life and education

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Martiny was an undergraduate studied at the University of California, San Diego.[1][2] It was here that she first became interested in ecology. During a study abroad programme in Costa Rica, Martiny started working on tropical ecology.[1] After graduating with her bachelor's degree, Martiny studied the diversity of birds and butterflies with Gretchen Daily.[2] She joined Stanford University as a graduate student, where she was introduced to microbes.[3] Her doctoral research considered the distribution and loss of biodiversity.[4] Martiny stayed at Stanford as a postdoctoral fellow, where she started working on the microorganisms.

Research and career

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Martiny studies microbial ecosystems, both on earth and at sea.[1] She focusses on the mechanisms that regulate microbial diversity, and how this diversity impacts the function of ecosystems. In particular, Martiny studies ocean viruses.[1] She started her independent scientific career at Brown University, where she established her own laboratory in 2000. Here she studied the composition of bacterial assemblages and how this composition impacted the function of ecosystems. At Brown she developed new techniques to study bacterial communities in the field; including DNA sequencing. In particular, Martiny focussed on the bacterial diversity in salt marshes, and how these bacterial communities responded to changes in ecosystems.[5] The salt marshes evaluated by Martiny included coastal marshes, which act as filters between open water and the pollutants from fisheries and nearby societies.[5]

In 2006 Martiny moved to the University of California, Irvine (UCI).[1] Martiny serves as Director of the UCI Microbiome Initiative. She has investigated the impact of drought on the microbial diversity of soil.[6] By studying the soil found in Orange County parklands, Martiny showed that moisture deprivation can result in changes in the representation of bacteria and fungi.[6] The reasons for these changes in composition are unclear, and may be that microorganisms that are unfit of dry conditions might mutate.[6] To perform these experiments, Martiny and Kathleen Treseder devised a technique called microbial caging. In this approach, dead plant material is encapsulated with microbes in a nylon membrane and measurements are recorded at regular intervals. She was announced as a visiting professor at the Technical University of Denmark in 2020.[7]

Awards and honours

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Selected publications

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  • Whitmore, T. C.; Santisuk, T. (1989). "Putting Thailand on the Map-Almost!". Journal of Biogeography. 16 (5): 495. doi:10.2307/2845112. ISSN 0305-0270. JSTOR 2845112.
  • Baho, Didier L.; Peter, Hannes; Tranvik, Lars J. (2012-04-19). "Resistance and resilience of microbial communities - temporal and spatial insurance against perturbations". Environmental Microbiology. 14 (9): 2283–2292. Bibcode:2012EnvMi..14.2283B. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02754.x. ISSN 1462-2912. PMID 22513226.
  • Hughes, Jennifer B.; Hellmann, Jessica J.; Ricketts, Taylor H.; Bohannan, Brendan J. M. (2001-10-01). "Counting the Uncountable: Statistical Approaches to Estimating Microbial Diversity". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 67 (10): 4399–4406. Bibcode:2001ApEnM..67.4399H. doi:10.1128/AEM.67.10.4399-4406.2001. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 93182. PMID 11571135.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e "Faculty Spotlight - Jennifer B.H. Martiny, Ph.D." School of Biological Sciences. 2016-12-09. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  2. ^ a b "people | jennifer martiny lab". jmartiny.bio.uci.edu. Archived from the original on 2021-07-27. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  3. ^ Prosser, James I.; Martiny, Jennifer B. H. (2020-05-11). "Conceptual challenges in microbial community ecology". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 375 (1798): 20190241. doi:10.1098/rstb.2019.0241. PMC 7133534. PMID 32200750.
  4. ^ Hughes, Jennifer B (1999). From populations to ecosystems studies on the distribution, importance, and loss of biodiversity. OCLC 741501311.
  5. ^ a b Martiny, Jennifer. "CAREER: Integrating Bacterial Diversity into Environmental Change Research and Education". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  6. ^ a b c "UCI scientists awarded $2.7 million for soil nutrient microbiome research". EurekAlert!. Retrieved 2020-11-28.
  7. ^ "CeMiSt to host Professor Jennifer Martiny from University of California, Irvine - CeMist". CeMiSt. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  8. ^ "Grant Detail". www.moore.org. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  9. ^ "Jennifer Martiny". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  10. ^ "Ecological Society of America Recognizes School of Biological Sciences Professors". School of Biological Sciences. 2017-03-01. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  11. ^ "American Academy of Microbiology Fellow". School of Biological Sciences. 2017-05-09. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  12. ^ "A Message from Frank M. LaFerla" (PDF). UCI BioSci Ayala School. 2020-11-27.
  13. ^ "AAAS Announces Leading Scientists Elected as 2020 Fellows | American Association for the Advancement of Science". www.aaas.org. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  14. ^ "Nine Honored as AAAS Fellows (Jennifer Martiny and Travis Huxman)". UCI Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. Archived from the original on 2021-01-20. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
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UCI Dean's Distinguished Lecture Series - Dr. Jennifer Martiny


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