Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe

Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe
UNESCO World Heritage Site
	Beușnița Waterfall in Nera Gorge-Beușnița National Park
Location	(see map)
Reference	1133quater
Inscription	2007 (31st Session)
Extensions	2011, 2017, 2021, 2023

Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe is a transnational serial nature UNESCO World Heritage Site, encompassing 93 component parts (forests of European beech, Fagus sylvatica) in 18 European countries.^[1]^[2]^[3] Together, the sites protect the largest and least disturbed forests dominated by the beech tree. In many of these stands, especially those in the Carpathians, beech forests have persisted without interruption or interference since the last ice age. These sites document the undisturbed postglacial repopulation of the species.^[1]

Carpathian region[edit]

The Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians include ten separate massifs located along the 185 km (115 mi) long axis from the Rakhiv mountains and Chornohora ridge in Ukraine over the Poloniny Ridge (Slovakia) to the Vihorlat Mountains in Slovakia. The Ancient Beech Forests of Germany include five locations, cover 4,391 hectares and were added in 2011.

The Carpathian site covers a total area of 77,971.6 ha (192,672 acres), out of which only 29,278.9 ha (72,350 acres) are part of the actual preserved area, while the rest is considered a "buffer zone". Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians cover areas of Zakarpattia and Prešov Regions. Over 70% of the site is located in Ukraine. The area includes two national parks, and some habitat controlled areas, mostly in Slovakia. Both national parks, along with a neighboring area in Poland, compose a separate biosphere reserve, the East Carpathian Biosphere Reserve. Besides Havešová, Rožok, and Stužica (all of them located in Bukovské vrchy), there is a fourth component situated in Slovakia, named Kyjovský prales of Vihorlat. Ukrainian locations include Chornohora, Kuziy-Trybushany, Maramarosh,^{[n 1]} Stuzhytsia–Uzhok, Svydovets, and Uholka–Shyrikyi Luh. Only a few of the ten components are accessible to visitors. Stužica is the only one of three locations in Bukovské vrchy (Slovakia) with available hiking trails. In 2017, UNESCO extended the site, adding forests in Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Italy, Romania, Slovenia, and Spain.^[4] In 2021 UNESCO extended the site again adding forests in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Czechia, France, Italy, North Macedonia, Poland, Slovakia and Switzerland.^[5]

The last intact virgin forest in the temperate latitudes of Europe is to be found in the Carpathians. Trees can live to a hundred years old in these forests, providing an important habitat for organisms such as mushrooms, moss, lichen, insects, rare birds (e.g. capercaillie and black grouse) and mammals (e.g. bats, brown bear, wolf and lynx). Large parts of the forest in the Romanian part of the Carpathians have been lost due to deforestation. The pressure on timber as a resource may increase due to international demand and European companies may start large-scale felling in neighbouring Ukraine. Currently unprotected areas of virgin forest can be permanently preserved in the Ukrainian Carpathians by expanding and reinforcing conservation areas. In the Ukrainian Carpathians there are nine national parks and two biosphere reserves. There is a general ban on tree felling in coniferous forest areas above 1,100 metres. If park administrations are shown to work, management of larger, previously unprotected areas of virgin forest to preserve them on a permanent basis, may occur. There are roughly 100,000 additional hectares of forest which could be integrated into the existing conservation areas.^[6]

List of component parts[edit]

Poloniny

Vihorlat

Chornohora

Kuziy-Trybushany

Maramarosh

Stuzhytsia – Uzhok

Svydovets

Uholka – Shyrokyi Luh

Grumsin

Hainich

Jasmund

Kellerwald

Serrahn

Lumi i gashit

Rrajca

Dürrenstein-Lassingtal

Kalkalpen

Sonian Forest

Central Balkan

Hajdučki i Rožanski Kukovi

Paklenica

Abruzzo, Lazio & Molise

Pollino

Foresta Umbra

Monte Cimino

Monte Raschio

Sasso Fratino

Cheile Nerei-Beușnița

Codrul Secular Șinca

Codrul Secular Slătioara

Cozia

Domogled - Valea Cernei-

Groșii Țibleșului

Izvoarele Nerei

Strâmbu Băiuț

Krokar

Snežnik-Ždrocle

Hayedos de Ayllon

Hayedos de Navarra

Hayedos de Picos de Europa

Gorgany

Roztochchya

Satanіvska Dacha

Synevyr

Zacharovanyi Krai

Prašuma Janj

Jizera Mountains

Chapitre

Grand Ventron

Massane

Valle Infernale

Dlaboka Reka

Bieszczady

Forêt de la Bettlachstock

Valli di Lodano, Busai & Soladino

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Location of Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests (component clusters) in Europe

The component parts included in the site as of December 2023 are:^[1]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[2]^[3]^[15]

Country	Serial ID No. or ID	Component part	Component cluster	Property [ha]	Buffer zone [ha]	Year inscrib.	Centre point coordinates
Carpathian Beech Forest Region
Ukraine	1133quinquies-001 UA_CBR	Chornohora		2,476.80	12,925.00	2007	48°8′25″N 24°23′35″E / 48.14028°N 24.39306°E / 48.14028; 24.39306
	1133quinquies-002 UA_CBR	Kuziy-Trybushany		1,369.60	3,163.40	2007	47°56′21″N 24°8′26″E / 47.93917°N 24.14056°E / 47.93917; 24.14056
	1133quinquies-003 UA_CBR	Maramarosh^{[n 1]}		2,243.60	6,230.40	2007	47°56′12″N 24°19′35″E / 47.93667°N 24.32639°E / 47.93667; 24.32639
	1133quinquies-004 UA_UNNP	Stuzhytsia-Uzhok		2,532.00	3,615.00	2007	49°4′58″N 22°35′45″E / 49.08278°N 22.59583°E / 49.08278; 22.59583^{[n 2]}
	1133quinquies-005 UA_CBR	Svydovets		3,030.50	5,639.50	2007	48°11′21″N 24°13′37″E / 48.18917°N 24.22694°E / 48.18917; 24.22694
	1133quinquies-006 UA_CBR	Uholka-Shyrokyi Luh^{[n 3]}		11,860.00	3,301.00	2007	48°18′22″N 23°41′46″E / 48.30611°N 23.69611°E / 48.30611; 23.69611
	1133quinquies-063 UA_GORG	Gorgany		753.48	4,637.59	2017	48°28′19″N 24°17′58″E / 48.47194°N 24.29944°E / 48.47194; 24.29944
	1133quinquies-066 UA_SYNE	Darvaika	Synevyr	1,588.46	312.32	2017	48°29′14″N 23°44′56″E / 48.48722°N 23.74889°E / 48.48722; 23.74889
	1133quinquies-067 UA_SYNE	Kvasovets		561.62	333.63	2017	48°23′6″N 23°42′46″E / 48.38500°N 23.71278°E / 48.38500; 23.71278
	1133quinquies-068 UA_SYNE	Strymba		260.65	191.14	2017	48°27′11″N 23°47′48″E / 48.45306°N 23.79667°E / 48.45306; 23.79667
	1133quinquies-069 UA_SYNE	Vilshany		454.31	253.85	2017	48°21′20″N 23°39′36″E / 48.35556°N 23.66000°E / 48.35556; 23.66000
	1133quinquies-070 UA_ZACH	Irshavka	Zacharovanyi Krai	93.97	1,275.44	2017	48°27′9″N 23°5′23″E / 48.45250°N 23.08972°E / 48.45250; 23.08972
	1133quinquies-071 UA_ZACH	Velykyi Dil	Zacharovanyi Krai	1,164.16	1,275.44	2017	48°25′21″N 23°9′42″E / 48.42250°N 23.16167°E / 48.42250; 23.16167
Slovakia	1133quinquies-089 SK-POLO-01	Havešová	Poloniny	167.88	6,474.84	2007 2021*	49°0′35″N 22°20′14″E / 49.00972°N 22.33722°E / 49.00972; 22.33722
	1133quinquies-090 SK-POLO-02	Rožok		74.37	1,138.89	2007 2021*	48°58′40″N 22°27′52″E / 48.97778°N 22.46444°E / 48.97778; 22.46444
	1133quinquies-091 SK-POLO-03	Stužica – Bukovské Vrchy		1,742.47	5,694.84	2007 2021*	49°5′3″N 22°29′42″E / 49.08417°N 22.49500°E / 49.08417; 22.49500
	1133quinquies-092 SK-POLO-04	Udava		455.82	814.69	2007 2021*	49°10′31″N 22°13′39″E / 49.17528°N 22.22750°E / 49.17528; 22.22750
	1133quinquies-093 SK-VIHO-02	Vihorlat		1,553.06	854.08	2007 2021*	48°54′56″N 22°11′13″E / 48.91556°N 22.18694°E / 48.91556; 22.18694
Romania	1133quinquies-043 RO_NERE	Cheile Nerei-Beușnița		4,292.27	5,959.87	2017	44°54′19″N 21°48′40″E / 44.90528°N 21.81111°E / 44.90528; 21.81111
	1133quinquies-044 RO_SINC	Sinca secular forest (Codrul secular Șinca)		338.24	445.76	2017	45°40′0″N 25°10′14″E / 45.66667°N 25.17056°E / 45.66667; 25.17056
	1133quinquies-045 RO_SLAT	Slătioara secular forest (Codrul secular Slătioara)		609.12	429.43	2017	47°26′36″N 25°37′39″E / 47.44333°N 25.62750°E / 47.44333; 25.62750
	1133quinquies-046 RO_COZI	Cozia Massif	Cozia	2,285.86	2,408.83	2017	45°19′54″N 24°19′32″E / 45.33167°N 24.32556°E / 45.33167; 24.32556
	1133quinquies-047 RO_COZI	Lotrisor	Cozia	1,103.30	2,408.83	2017	45°17′43″N 24°15′33″E / 45.29528°N 24.25917°E / 45.29528; 24.25917
	1133quinquies-048 RO_DOMO	Domogled-Coronini-Bedina	Domogled – Valea Cernei	5,110.63	51,461.28	2017	44°56′31″N 22°28′7″E / 44.94194°N 22.46861°E / 44.94194; 22.46861
	1133quinquies-049 RO_DOMO	Iauna Craiovei		3,517.36		2017	45°6′31″N 22°34′41″E / 45.10861°N 22.57806°E / 45.10861; 22.57806
	1133quinquies-050 RO_DOMO	Ciucevele Cernei		1,104.27		2017	45°14′40″N 22°49′23″E / 45.24444°N 22.82306°E / 45.24444; 22.82306
	1133quinquies-051 RO_TIBL	Izvorul Șurii	Groșii Țibleșului	210.55	563.57	2017	47°32′59″N 24°11′9″E / 47.54972°N 24.18583°E / 47.54972; 24.18583
	1133quinquies-052 RO_TIBL	Preluci	Groșii Țibleșului	135.82	563.57	2017	47°32′5″N 24°13′13″E / 47.53472°N 24.22028°E / 47.53472; 24.22028
	1133quinquies-053 RO_IZVO	Izvoarele Nerei		4,677.21	2,494.83	2017	45°7′21″N 22°3′59″E / 45.12250°N 22.06639°E / 45.12250; 22.06639
	1133ter-046 RO_STRA	Strâmbu Băiuț^{[n 4]}		598.14	713.09	2017	47°37′33″N 24°4′23″E / 47.62583°N 24.07306°E / 47.62583; 24.07306
Poland	1133quinquies-085 PL-BIES-01	Border Ridge and Górna Solinka valley^{[n 5]}	Bieszczady	1,506.05	24,330.52	2021	49°5′58″N 22°33′24″E / 49.09944°N 22.55667°E / 49.09944; 22.55667
	1133quinquies-086 PL-BIES-02	Połonina Wetlińska and Smerek^{[n 6]}		1,178.03		2021	49°10′51″N 22°30′12″E / 49.18083°N 22.50333°E / 49.18083; 22.50333
	1133quinquies-087 PL-BIES-03	Terebowiec stream valley		201.00		2021	49°5′37″N 22°43′29″E / 49.09361°N 22.72472°E / 49.09361; 22.72472
	1133quinquies-088 PL-BIES-04	Wołosatka stream valley		586.66		2021	49°4′1″N 22°44′41″E / 49.06694°N 22.74472°E / 49.06694; 22.74472
Polonic-Podoloc-Moldovan Beech Forest Region
Ukraine	1133quinquies-064 UA_ROZT	Roztochchia^{[n 7]}		384.81	598.21	2017	49°57′44″N 23°38′58″E / 49.96222°N 23.64944°E / 49.96222; 23.64944
Ukraine	1133quinquies-065 UA_SATA	Satanіvska Dacha		212.01	559.37	2017	49°10′26″N 26°14′56″E / 49.17389°N 26.24889°E / 49.17389; 26.24889
Baltic Beech Forest Region
Germany	1133quinquies-007 DE_JASM	Jasmund		492.50	2,510.50	2011	54°32′53″N 13°38′43″E / 54.54806°N 13.64528°E / 54.54806; 13.64528
	1133quinquies-008 DE_SERR	Serrahn		268.10	2,568.00	2011	53°20′24″N 13°11′52″E / 53.34000°N 13.19778°E / 53.34000; 13.19778
	1133quinquies-009 DE_GRUM	Grumsin		590.10	274.30	2011	52°59′11″N 13°53′44″E / 52.98639°N 13.89556°E / 52.98639; 13.89556
Subatlantic-Hercynic Beech Forest Region
Germany	1133quinquies-010 DE_HAIN	Hainich		1,573.40	4,085.40	2011	51°04′43″N 10°26′08″E / 51.07861°N 10.43556°E / 51.07861; 10.43556
Germany	1133quinquies-011 DE_KELL	Kellerwald		1,467.10	4,271.40	2011	51°08′43″N 8°58′25″E / 51.14528°N 8.97361°E / 51.14528; 8.97361
Czech Republic	1133quinquies-075 CZ-JIZE-01	Jizera Mountains		444.81	2,279.40	2021	50°51′30″N 15°9′20″E / 50.85833°N 15.15556°E / 50.85833; 15.15556
France	1133quinquies-077 FR-GRAN-01	Grand Ventron		319.00	1,328.00	2021	47°58′20″N 6°56′23″E / 47.97222°N 6.93972°E / 47.97222; 6.93972
Switzerland	1133quinquies-073 CH-BETT-01	Bettlachstock Forest (Forêt de la Bettlachstock)		195.43	1,094.16	2021	47°13′22″N 7°24′43″E / 47.22278°N 7.41194°E / 47.22278; 7.41194
Alpic Beech Forest Region
Austria	1133quinquies-014 AT_DUER	Dürrenstein-Lassingtal		3,685.27	3,089.78	2017 2023*	47°46′12″N 15°2′51″E / 47.77000°N 15.04750°E / 47.77000; 15.04750
	1133quinquies-015 AT_KALK	Hintergebirge	Kalkalpen	2,946.20	14,197.24	2017	47°44′58″N 14°28′56″E / 47.74944°N 14.48222°E / 47.74944; 14.48222
	1133quinquies-016 AT_KALK	Bodinggraben		890.89		2017	47°47′14″N 14°21′12″E / 47.78722°N 14.35333°E / 47.78722; 14.35333
	1133quinquies-017 AT_KALK	Urlach		264.82		2017	47°48′15″N 14°14′22″E / 47.80417°N 14.23944°E / 47.80417; 14.23944
	1133quinquies-018 AT_KALK	Wilder Graben		1,149.75		2017	47°50′00″N 14°26′1″E / 47.83333°N 14.43361°E / 47.83333; 14.43361
Switzerland	1133quinquies-074 CH-LODA-01	Forest reserves of Lodano, Busai and Soladino Valleys		806.78	2,330.74	2021	46°15′49″N 8°39′11″E / 46.26361°N 8.65306°E / 46.26361; 8.65306
France	1133quinquies-076 FR-CHAP-01	Chapitre		371.30	41.65	2021	44°38′4″N 5°59′55″E / 44.63444°N 5.99861°E / 44.63444; 5.99861
Atlantic Beech Forest Region
Belgium	1133quinquies-019 BE_SONI	Forest Reserve “Joseph Zwaenepoel”	Sonian Forest (Forêt de Soignes)	187.34	4,650.86	2017	50°45′23″N 4°25′00″E / 50.75639°N 4.41667°E / 50.75639; 4.41667
	1133quinquies-020 BE_SONI	Grippensdelle A		24.11		2017	50°46′54″N 4°25′36″E / 50.78167°N 4.42667°E / 50.78167; 4.42667
	1133quinquies-021 BE_SONI	Grippensdelle B		37.38		2017	50°47′1″N 4°25′57″E / 50.78361°N 4.43250°E / 50.78361; 4.43250
	1133quinquies-022 BE_SONI	Réserve forestière du Ticton A		13.98		2017	50°44′3″N 4°26′13″E / 50.73417°N 4.43694°E / 50.73417; 4.43694
	1133quinquies-023 BE_SONI	Réserve forestière du Ticton B		6.50		2017	50°43′37″N 4°25′51″E / 50.72694°N 4.43083°E / 50.72694; 4.43083
Moesian-Balcanic Beech Forest Region
Albania	1133quinquies-012 AL_LUMI	Lumi i gashit		1,261.52	8,977.48	2017	42°25′36″N 20°05′45″E / 42.42667°N 20.09583°E / 42.42667; 20.09583
Albania	1133quinquies-013 AL_RRAJ	Rrajca		2,129.45	2,569.75	2017	41°12′11″N 20°30′2″E / 41.20306°N 20.50056°E / 41.20306; 20.50056
North Macedonia	1133quinquies-084 MN-DLAB-01	Dlaboka Reka		193.27	234.70	2021	41°45′47″N 20°35′16″E / 41.76306°N 20.58778°E / 41.76306; 20.58778
Bulgaria	1133quinquies-024 BG_BALK	Boatin Reserve	Central Balkan	1,226.88	851.22	2017	42°48′10″N 24°16′9″E / 42.80278°N 24.26917°E / 42.80278; 24.26917
	1133quinquies-025 BG_BALK	Tsarichina Reserve		1,485.81	1,945.99	2017	42°46′32″N 24°24′18″E / 42.77556°N 24.40500°E / 42.77556; 24.40500
	1133quinquies-026 BG_BALK	Kozya stena Reserve		644,43	289.82	2017	42°47′47″N 24°31′2″E / 42.79639°N 24.51722°E / 42.79639; 24.51722
	1133quinquies-027 BG_BALK	Steneto Reserve^{[n 8]}		2,466.10	1,762.01	2017	42°44′43″N 24°42′26″E / 42.74528°N 24.70722°E / 42.74528; 24.70722
	1133quinquies-028 BG_BALK	Stara Reka Reserve^{[n 9]}		591.20	1,480.04	2017	42°42′11″N 24°49′8″E / 42.70306°N 24.81889°E / 42.70306; 24.81889
	1133quinquies-029 BG_BALK	Dzhendema Reserve		1,774.12	2,576.63	2017	42°41′44″N 24°58′23″E / 42.69556°N 24.97306°E / 42.69556; 24.97306
	1133quinquies-030 BG_BALK	Severen Dzhendem Reserve		926.37	1,066.47	2017	42°44′44″N 24°56′5″E / 42.74556°N 24.93472°E / 42.74556; 24.93472
	1133quinquies-031 BG_BALK	Peeshti skali Reserve^{[n 10]}		1,049.10	968.14	2017	42°45′54″N 25°4′29″E / 42.76500°N 25.07472°E / 42.76500; 25.07472
	1133quinquies-032 BG_BALK	Sokolna Reserve		824.90	780.55	2017	42°41′52″N 25°8′18″E / 42.69778°N 25.13833°E / 42.69778; 25.13833
Illyric Beech Forest Region
Croatia	1133quinquies-033 HR_HAJD	Forest reserves Hajdučki i Rožanski kukovi		1,289.11	9,869.25	2017	44°45′59″N 15°0′39″E / 44.76639°N 15.01083°E / 44.76639; 15.01083
Croatia	1133quinquies-034 HR_PAKL-01	Paklenica National Park (formerly PNP - Suva draga-Klimenta and PNP - Oglavinovac-Javornik)		2,036.81	824.86	2017 2023*	44°20′26″N 15°30′1″E / 44.34056°N 15.50028°E / 44.34056; 15.50028
Slovenia	1133quinquies-055 SI_KROK	Krokar		74.50	47.90	2017	45°32′31″N 14°46′8″E / 45.54194°N 14.76889°E / 45.54194; 14.76889
Slovenia	1133quinquies-056 SI_SNEZ	Snežnik-Ždrocle		720.24	128.80	2017	45°35′5″N 14°27′19″E / 45.58472°N 14.45528°E / 45.58472; 14.45528
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1133quinquies-072 BH-JANJ-01	Prašuma Janj		295.04	380.74	2021	44°8′48″N 17°16′52″E / 44.14667°N 17.28111°E / 44.14667; 17.28111
Central Mediterranean Beech Forest Region
Italy	1133quinquies-035 IT_ABRU	Cervara Valley (Valle Cervara)	Abruzzo, Lazio & Molise	119.70	751.61	2017	41°49′56″N 13°43′43″E / 41.83222°N 13.72861°E / 41.83222; 13.72861
	1133quinquies-036 IT_ABRU	Selva Moricento		192.70	751.61	2017	41°50′49″N 13°42′20″E / 41.84694°N 13.70556°E / 41.84694; 13.70556
	1133quinquies-037 IT_ABRU	Coppo del Morto		104.71	415.51	2017	41°51′37″N 13°50′48″E / 41.86028°N 13.84667°E / 41.86028; 13.84667
	1133quinquies-038 IT_ABRU	Coppo del Principe		194.49	446.62	2017	41°47′15″N 13°44′39″E / 41.78750°N 13.74417°E / 41.78750; 13.74417
	1133quinquies-039 IT_ABRU	Fondillo Valley (Val Fondillo)		325.03	700.95	2017	41°45′15″N 13°53′9″E / 41.75417°N 13.88583°E / 41.75417; 13.88583
	1133quinquies-081 IT-POLL-01	Cozzo Ferriero	Pollino National Park	95.75	2,851.83	2017 2021*	39°54′19″N 16°6′4″E / 39.90528°N 16.10111°E / 39.90528; 16.10111
	1133quinquies-082 IT-POLL-02	Pollinello	Pollino National Park	477.94	2,851.83	2021	39°53′43″N 16°11′54″E / 39.89528°N 16.19833°E / 39.89528; 16.19833
	1133quinquies-083 IT-VALL-01	Infernale Valley (Valle Infernale)		320.79	2,191.36	2021	38°7′55″N 15°57′41″E / 38.13194°N 15.96139°E / 38.13194; 15.96139
	1133quinquies-079 IT-FUMB-01	Falascone	Umbra Forest (Foresta Umbra)	254.30	3,486.29	2017 2021*	41°48′21″N 15°58′41″E / 41.80583°N 15.97806°E / 41.80583; 15.97806
	1133quinquies-080 IT-FUMB-02	Pavari-Sfilzi	Umbra Forest (Foresta Umbra)	667.13	3,486.29	2021	41°50′20″N 16°1′25″E / 41.83889°N 16.02361°E / 41.83889; 16.02361
	1133quinquies-040 IT_CIMI	Monte Cimino		57.54	87.96	2017	42°24′31″N 12°12′11″E / 42.40861°N 12.20306°E / 42.40861; 12.20306
	1133quinquies-041 IT_RASC	Monte Raschio		73.73	54.75	2017	42°10′25″N 12°9′40″E / 42.17361°N 12.16111°E / 42.17361; 12.16111
	1133quinquies-042 IT_SASS	Sasso Fratino		781.43	6,936.64	2017	43°50′40″N 11°48′11″E / 43.84444°N 11.80306°E / 43.84444; 11.80306
Pyrenaic-Iberian Beech Forest Region
Spain	1133quinquies-057 ES_AYLL	Tejera Negra	Beech forests of Ayllón (Hayedos de Ayllón)	255.52	13,880.86	2017	41°14′43″N 3°23′19″W / 41.24528°N 3.38861°W / 41.24528; -3.38861^{[n 11]}
	1133quinquies-058 ES_AYLL	Montejo	Beech forests of Ayllón (Hayedos de Ayllón)	71.79	13,880.86	2017	41°6′44″N 3°29′58″W / 41.11222°N 3.49944°W / 41.11222; -3.49944
	1133quinquies-059 ES_NAVA	Lizardoia	Beech forests of Navarra (Hayedos de Navarra)	63.97	24,494.52	2017	43°0′23″N 1°6′46″W / 43.00639°N 1.11278°W / 43.00639; -1.11278
	1133quinquies-060 ES_NAVA	Aztaparreta	Beech forests of Navarra (Hayedos de Navarra)	171.06	24,494.52	2017	42°54′39″N 0°48′58″W / 42.91083°N 0.81611°W / 42.91083; -0.81611
	1133quinquies-061 ES_PICO	Cuesta Fría^{[n 12]}	Beech forests of Picos de Europa (Hayedos de Picos de Europa)	213.65	14,253.00	2017	43°10′21″N 4°59′16″W / 43.17250°N 4.98778°W / 43.17250; -4.98778
	1133quinquies-062 ES_PICO	Canal de Asotin		109.58	14,253.00	2017	43°10′16″N 4°53′21″W / 43.17111°N 4.88917°W / 43.17111; -4.88917
France	1133quinquies-078 FR-MASS-01	Massane		239.50	1,432.30	2021	42°28′58″N 3°1′45″E / 42.48278°N 3.02917°E / 42.48278; 3.02917

* Only boundary modification.

Udava (Bukovské Vrchy, Slovakia) was created by modifying the boundary of Stužica before. Falascone (Italy) in turn was named previously Umbra Forest (Foresta Umbra).^[13]^[14]^[2]

This is a transnational serial nature UNESCO World Heritage Site, encompassing 94 component parts (forests) in 18 European countries.^[1]^[2] The total area of component parts is 98,125.15 ha (242,472.5 acres), including buffer zones 392,846.02 ha (970,743.7 acres). The largest total area of component parts is in Ukraine and Romania – 54% total (41% including buffer zones).

Forms of protection[edit]

Component parts of this property overlap more or less with various protected areas like national parks, nature reserves, Natura 2000 network.^[16]^[17]^[18]^[11]^[13]^[19]^[20]
Abbreviations:
C – count of component parts in a given cluster
N – overlapping with Natura 2000 areas

Country	Component cluster	C	Protected area	N	Region
Albania	Lumi i Gashit	1	Strict nature reserve of Gashi River		Kukës
Albania	Rrajca	1	Shebenik – Jabllanicë National Park		Elbasan
Austria	Dürrenstein-Lassingtal	1	Wilderness Area Dürrenstein	Yes	Lower Austria
Austria	Kalkalpen	4	Kalkalpen National Park	Yes	Upper Austria
Belgium	Sonian Forest (Forêt de Soignes)	5	3 strict forest reserves within Sonian Forest Protected Landscape – “Joseph Zwaenepoel”, Grippensdelle and Ticton	Yes	Flanders, Brussels Capital Region, Wallonia
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Prašuma Janj	1	Prašuma Janj strict nature reserve		Bosanska Krajina
Bulgaria	Central Balkan	9	9 strict reserves in the Central Balkan National Park – Boatin, Dzhendema, Kozya stena, Peeshti skali^{[n 10]}, Severen Dzhendem, Sokolna, Stara reka, Steneto and Tsarichina	Yes	Lovech, Plovdiv, Stara Zagora, Gabrovo (central Balkan Mountains)
Croatia	Hajdučki i Rožanski kukovi	1	Hajdučki and Rožanski Kukovi strict reserve within Northern Velebit National Park	Yes	Lika-Senj
Croatia	Paklenica National Park	2	Paklenica National Park	Yes	Lika-Senj, Zadar (Dinaric region, or Dinaric Alps)
Czech Republic	Jizera Mountains	1	Jizerskohorské bučiny National Nature Reserve	Yes	Liberec
France	Chapitre	1	Chapitre-Petit-Buëch biological strict reserve	Yes	Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
	Grand Ventron	1	Massif du Grand Ventron National Nature Reserve	Yes	Grand Est
	Massane	1	Massane National Nature Reserve	Yes	Occitanie
Germany	Grumsin	1	Schorfheide-Chorin Biosphere Reserve	Yes	Brandenburg
	Hainich	1	Hainich National Park	Yes	Thuringia
	Jasmund	1	Jasmund National Park	Yes	Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
	Kellerwald	1	Kellerwald-Edersee National Park	Yes	Hesse
	Serrahn	1	Müritz National Park	Yes	Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Italy	Abruzzo, Lazio & Molise	5	Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise National Park	Yes	Abruzzo
	Umbra Forest (Foresta Umbra)	2	Strict reserves within Gargano National Park – Sfilzi, Falascone and Foresta Umbra	Yes	Apulia
	Monte Cimino	1	Regional Natural Monument and municipal strict reserve	Yes	Lazio
	Monte Raschio	1	Regional Natural Park Bracciano-Martignano	Yes	Lazio
	Pollino National Park	2	Cozzo Ferriero and Pollinello strict reserves within Pollino National Park	Yes	Calabria, Basilicata
	Sasso Fratino	1	Sasso Fratino strict reserve in Foreste Casentinesi, Monte Falterona, Campigna National Park	Yes	Emilia-Romagna, Tuscany
	Infernale Valley (Valle Infernale)	1	Valle Infernale strict reserve within Aspromonte National Park	Yes	South Calabria
North Macedonia	Dlaboka Reka	1	Forest reserves within Mavrovo National Park		Mavrovo and Rostuša and Gostivar
Poland	Bieszczady	4	Bieszczady National Park, East Carpathian Biosphere Reserve	Yes	Podkarpackie Voivodeship
Romania	Cheile Nerei-Beușnița	1	Strictly protected zone of the Cheile Nerei-Beușnița National Park	Yes	Caraș-Severin
	Sinca secular forest (Codrul secular Șinca)	1	Strictly protected through the forest management plan	Yes	Brașov
	Slătioara secular forest (Codrul secular Slătioara)	1	Part of Codrul Secular Slătioara forest reserve, Secular Meadows Todirescu floristic reserve	Yes	Suceava
	Cozia	2	Cozia National Park	Yes	Vâlcea
	Domogled – Valea Cernei	3	Domogled-Valea Cernei National Park	Yes	Mehedinți, Caraș-Severin, Gorj
	Groșii Țibleșului	2	Strictly protected through the forest management plan	Yes	Maramureș
	Izvoarele Nerei	1	Izvoarele Nerei strict reserve within Semenic-Cheile Carașului National Park	Yes	Caraș-Severin
	Strâmbu Băiuț^{[n 4]}	1	Strictly protected through the forest management plan	Yes	Maramureș
Slovakia	Poloniny	4	National nature reserves Stužica, Jarabá skala, Pľaša and Borsukov vrch (Stužica – Bukovské Vrchy), Rožok, Havešová, nature reserve Udava within Poloniny National Park, East Carpathian Biosphere Reserve	Yes	Prešov
Slovakia	Vihorlat	1	Vihorlat national nature reserve within Vihorlat Protected Landscape Area	Yes	Prešov
Slovenia	Krokar	1	Forest reserve Virgin forest Krokar	Yes	Kočevje
Slovenia	Snežnik–Ždrocle	1	Snežnik–Ždrocle forest reserve	Yes	Inner Carniola
Spain	Beech forests of Ayllón (Hayedos de Ayllón)	2	Tejera Negra: Sierra Norte de Guadalajara Natural Park, Montejo: Sierra del Rincón Biosphere Reserve	Yes	Castilla-La Mancha
	Beech forests of Navarra (Hayedos de Navarra)	2	Integral (strict) reserves of Lizardoia and Aztaparreta	Yes	Navarre
	Beech forests of Picos de Europa (Hayedos de Picos de Europa)	2	Picos de Europa National Park, Biosphere Reserve	Yes	Castile and León
Switzerland	Bettlachstock Forest (Forêt de la Bettlachstock)	1	Forest reserve Bettlachstock–Hasenmatt		Canton of Solothurn
Switzerland	Forest reserves of Lodano, Busai and Soladino Valleys	1	Lodano Valley forest reserve, Busai and Soladino Valleys forest reserve		Canton of Ticino
Ukraine	Chornohora	1	Carpathian Biosphere Reserve		Zakarpattia
	Kuziy – Trybushany	1	Carpathian Biosphere Reserve		Zakarpattia
	Maramarosh	1	Carpathian Biosphere Reserve		Zakarpattia
	Stuzhytsia – Uzhok	1	Uzh National Nature Park		Zakarpattia
	Svydovets	1	Carpathian Biosphere Reserve		Zakarpattia
	Uholka – Shyrokyi Luh^{[n 3]}	1	Carpathian Biosphere Reserve		Zakarpattia
	Synevyr	4	Synevyr National Nature Park		Zakarpattia
	Zacharovanyi Krai	2	Zacharovanyi Krai National Nature Park		Zakarpattia
	Gorgany	1	Gorgany Nature Reserve		Ivano-Frankivsk
	Roztochchya^{[n 7]}	1	Roztochchia Nature Reserve, Roztochchia Biosphere Reserve		Lviv
	Satanіvska Dacha	1	Podilski Tovtry National Nature Park		Khmelnytskyi

Tentative list[edit]

This forest is placed on the World Heritage Tentative list as a proposal for the expansion of the Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe site:

Montenegro^[21]

Virgin Forest Reserve in NP Biogradska Gora

Serbia^[12]

Fruška gora, Kopaonik, Tara

Gallery[edit]

Forest in Stuzica
Havešová
Stužica
Freshwater stream in Stužica
Stužica
Dlaboka Reka

Notes[edit]

^ Jump up to: ^a ^b "Maramorosh" changed to "Maramarosh".
^ Geographic coordinates corrected from "N49 4 14 E22 3 1" to N49°4’58’’ E22°35’45’’
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b "Uholka-Shyrikyi Luh" corrected to "Uholka-Shyrokyi Luh".
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b "Strimbu Băiuț" changed to "Strâmbu Băiuț".
^ "Gorna Solinka" corrected to "Górna Solinka".
^ "Polonina Wetlinska" corrected to "Połonina Wetlińska".
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b "Roztochya" corrected to "Roztochchia".
^ "Stara reka Reserve^[10]^[12]" corrected to "Steneto Reserve^[7]^[10]".
^ "Severen Dzhendem Reserve^[10]^[12]" corrected to "Stara Reka Reserve^[7]^[10]".
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b "Peesh skali" corrected to "Peeshti skali".
^ Latitude corrected from "N41 143" to N41°14’43’’
^ "Cuesta Fria" changed to "Cuesta Fría".

References[edit]

^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d "Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe". UNESCO. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage; World Heritage Committee (31 July 2021). "WHC/21/44.COM/18; Decisions adopted during the extended 44th session of the World Heritage Committee (Fuzhou (China) / Online meeting, 2021); 8B. Nominations to the World Heritage List; Decision: 44 COM 8B.32" (PDF). World Heritage. Vol. 44 COM, Extended forty-fourth session, Fuzhou (China) / Online meeting, 16 - 31July 2021. Paris: UNESCO. pp. 368–372. Retrieved 3 December 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b "World Heritage Minor Boundary Modification Proposal – IUCN Technical Evaluation Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, France, Germany, Italy, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine) – ID No. 1133QUINQUIES". IUCN World Heritage Evaluations 2022 and 2023 (WHC/23/45.COM/INF.8B) (PDF). Vol. II: IUCN World Heritage Evaluations 2023. IUCN. 2023. pp. 93–97. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
^ "Unesco approves the extension of the Carpathian Primary Beech forests".
^ "Decisions adopted during the extended 44th session of the World Heritage Committee" (PDF). 31 July 2021.
^ "Protecting virgin forest in the Ukrainian Carpathians". 21 June 2021.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Jovanović, Ivana; Dragišić, Aleksandar; Ostojić, Dragana; Krsteski, Biljana (2019). "Beech Forests As World Heritage in Aspect to the Next Extension of the Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe World Heritage Site". Nature Conservation. 69 (1–2): 15–32. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
^ United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage; World Heritage Committee (11 May 2007). "WHC-07/31.COM/8B; Item 8B of the Provisional Agenda: Nominations to the World Heritage List" (PDF). World Heritage. Vol. 31.COM: Thirty first Session, Christchurch, New Zealand, 23 June – 2 July 2007. Paris: UNESCO. Retrieved 7 August 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage; World Heritage Committee (6 May 2011). "WHC-11/35.COM/8B; 8B. Nominations to the World Heritage List" (PDF). World Heritage. Vol. 35.COM: Thirty-fifth session, Paris, UNESCO Headquarters, 19 – 29 June 2011. Paris: UNESCO. Retrieved 7 August 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage Committee (19 May 2017). "WHC/17/41.COM/8B; 8B. Nominations to the World Heritage List" (PDF). World Heritage. Vol. 41.COM: Forty first session, Krakow, Poland, 2 12 July 2017. Paris: UNESCO. Retrieved 7 August 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b "Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe" as extension to the existing Natural World Heritage Site "Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and the Ancient Beech Forests of Germany" (1133bis). Nomination Dossier to the UNESCO for the Inscription on the World Heritage List. IUCN. January 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2021.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage; World Heritage Committee (4 June 2021). "WHC/21/44.COM/8B; 8B. Nominations to the World Heritage List". World Heritage. Vol. 31.COM: Extended forty-fourth session, Fuzhou (China) / Online meeting, 16 – 31 July 2021. Paris: UNESCO. Retrieved 7 August 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c 'Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe' as extension to the existing Natural World Heritage Site 'Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe' (1133ter). Nomination Dossier to the UNESCO for the Inscription on the World Heritage List. IUCN. January 2020. Retrieved 7 August 2021.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b "Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe; Bosnia and Herzegovina, Czechia, France, Italy, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, Switzerland – ID N° 1133quater". IUCN World Heritage Evaluations 2021 (WHC/21/44.COM/INF.8B2.ADD); Addendum: IUCN Evaluations of nominations of natural and mixed properties to the World Heritage List; IUCN Report for the World Heritage Committee, extended 44th Session, 16-31 July 2021, Fuzhou (China) / online. IUCN. May 2021. pp. 5–26. Retrieved 7 August 2021.
^ Hanns Kirchmeir & Anna Kovarovics, ed. (January 2022). Minor modifications to the boundaries of the UNESCO World Heritage Site 'Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe' (1133quater). Vienna, Austria: Federal Ministry; Republic of Austria; Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
^ Beech Primeval Forests of the Carpathians. Nomination dossier 2007 to the UNESCO for the Inscription on the World Heritage List; Nomination of the "Ancient Beech Forests of Germany" as Extension to the World Natural Heritage "Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians" (1133). Nomination Dossier 2011 to the UNESCO for the Inscription on the World Heritage List (PDF). IUCN. 2011 [2007]. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
^ World Heritage Nomination – IUCN Technical Evaluation Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians (Slovakia and Ukraine) – ID No. 1133. IUCN. May 2007. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
^ World Heritage Nomination – IUCN Technical Evaluation Ancient Beech Forests of Germany (Germany) – ID No. 1133 bis (Extension of Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians, Slovakia and Ukraine). IUCN. May 2011. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
^ "Sonianforest". Foundation Sonian Forest. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
^ "Natura 2000 Network Viewer". European Environment Agency. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
^ "Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe (Montenegro)". UNESCO. Retrieved 3 July 2018.

External links[edit]

"Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 28 September 2008.

[e-4] Jump up to: ^a ^b "Maramorosh" changed to "Maramarosh".

[17] Geographic coordinates corrected from "N49 4 14 E22 3 1" to N49°4’58’’ E22°35’45’’

[a-18] Jump up to: ^a ^b "Uholka-Shyrikyi Luh" corrected to "Uholka-Shyrokyi Luh".

[b-19] Jump up to: ^a ^b "Strimbu Băiuț" changed to "Strâmbu Băiuț".

[20] "Gorna Solinka" corrected to "Górna Solinka".

[21] "Polonina Wetlinska" corrected to "Połonina Wetlińska".

[c-22] Jump up to: ^a ^b "Roztochya" corrected to "Roztochchia".

[23] "Stara reka Reserve^[10]^[12]" corrected to "Steneto Reserve^[7]^[10]".

[24] "Severen Dzhendem Reserve^[10]^[12]" corrected to "Stara Reka Reserve^[7]^[10]".

[d-25] Jump up to: ^a ^b "Peesh skali" corrected to "Peeshti skali".

[26] Latitude corrected from "N41 143" to N41°14’43’’

[27] "Cuesta Fria" changed to "Cuesta Fría".

[UNESCO-1] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d "Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe". UNESCO. Retrieved 12 December 2023.

[UNESCO21dec-2] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage; World Heritage Committee (31 July 2021). "WHC/21/44.COM/18; Decisions adopted during the extended 44th session of the World Heritage Committee (Fuzhou (China) / Online meeting, 2021); 8B. Nominations to the World Heritage List; Decision: 44 COM 8B.32" (PDF). World Heritage. Vol. 44 COM, Extended forty-fourth session, Fuzhou (China) / Online meeting, 16 - 31July 2021. Paris: UNESCO. pp. 368–372. Retrieved 3 December 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[UNESCO23eval-3] Jump up to: ^a ^b "World Heritage Minor Boundary Modification Proposal – IUCN Technical Evaluation Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, France, Germany, Italy, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine) – ID No. 1133QUINQUIES". IUCN World Heritage Evaluations 2022 and 2023 (WHC/23/45.COM/INF.8B) (PDF). Vol. II: IUCN World Heritage Evaluations 2023. IUCN. 2023. pp. 93–97. Retrieved 11 December 2023.

[5] "Unesco approves the extension of the Carpathian Primary Beech forests".

[6] "Decisions adopted during the extended 44th session of the World Heritage Committee" (PDF). 31 July 2021.

[7] "Protecting virgin forest in the Ukrainian Carpathians". 21 June 2021.

[Jovanovic19-8] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Jovanović, Ivana; Dragišić, Aleksandar; Ostojić, Dragana; Krsteski, Biljana (2019). "Beech Forests As World Heritage in Aspect to the Next Extension of the Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe World Heritage Site". Nature Conservation. 69 (1–2): 15–32. Retrieved 2 August 2021.

[UNESCO07nomin-9] United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage; World Heritage Committee (11 May 2007). "WHC-07/31.COM/8B; Item 8B of the Provisional Agenda: Nominations to the World Heritage List" (PDF). World Heritage. Vol. 31.COM: Thirty first Session, Christchurch, New Zealand, 23 June – 2 July 2007. Paris: UNESCO. Retrieved 7 August 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[UNESCO11nomin-10] United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage; World Heritage Committee (6 May 2011). "WHC-11/35.COM/8B; 8B. Nominations to the World Heritage List" (PDF). World Heritage. Vol. 35.COM: Thirty-fifth session, Paris, UNESCO Headquarters, 19 – 29 June 2011. Paris: UNESCO. Retrieved 7 August 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[UNESCO17nomin-11] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage Committee (19 May 2017). "WHC/17/41.COM/8B; 8B. Nominations to the World Heritage List" (PDF). World Heritage. Vol. 41.COM: Forty first session, Krakow, Poland, 2 12 July 2017. Paris: UNESCO. Retrieved 7 August 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[UNESCO17nomin2-12] Jump up to: ^a ^b "Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe" as extension to the existing Natural World Heritage Site "Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and the Ancient Beech Forests of Germany" (1133bis). Nomination Dossier to the UNESCO for the Inscription on the World Heritage List. IUCN. January 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2021.

[UNESCO21nomin-13] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage; World Heritage Committee (4 June 2021). "WHC/21/44.COM/8B; 8B. Nominations to the World Heritage List". World Heritage. Vol. 31.COM: Extended forty-fourth session, Fuzhou (China) / Online meeting, 16 – 31 July 2021. Paris: UNESCO. Retrieved 7 August 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[UNESCO21nomin2-14] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c 'Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe' as extension to the existing Natural World Heritage Site 'Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe' (1133ter). Nomination Dossier to the UNESCO for the Inscription on the World Heritage List. IUCN. January 2020. Retrieved 7 August 2021.

[UNESCO21eval-15] Jump up to: ^a ^b "Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe; Bosnia and Herzegovina, Czechia, France, Italy, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, Switzerland – ID N° 1133quater". IUCN World Heritage Evaluations 2021 (WHC/21/44.COM/INF.8B2.ADD); Addendum: IUCN Evaluations of nominations of natural and mixed properties to the World Heritage List; IUCN Report for the World Heritage Committee, extended 44th Session, 16-31 July 2021, Fuzhou (China) / online. IUCN. May 2021. pp. 5–26. Retrieved 7 August 2021.

[Kirchmeir23-16] Hanns Kirchmeir & Anna Kovarovics, ed. (January 2022). Minor modifications to the boundaries of the UNESCO World Heritage Site 'Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe' (1133quater). Vienna, Austria: Federal Ministry; Republic of Austria; Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology. Retrieved 12 December 2023.

[UNESCO0711nomin2-28] Beech Primeval Forests of the Carpathians. Nomination dossier 2007 to the UNESCO for the Inscription on the World Heritage List; Nomination of the "Ancient Beech Forests of Germany" as Extension to the World Natural Heritage "Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians" (1133). Nomination Dossier 2011 to the UNESCO for the Inscription on the World Heritage List (PDF). IUCN. 2011 [2007]. Retrieved 14 August 2021.

[UNESCO07eval-29] World Heritage Nomination – IUCN Technical Evaluation Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians (Slovakia and Ukraine) – ID No. 1133. IUCN. May 2007. Retrieved 14 August 2021.

[UNESCO11eval-30] World Heritage Nomination – IUCN Technical Evaluation Ancient Beech Forests of Germany (Germany) – ID No. 1133 bis (Extension of Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians, Slovakia and Ukraine). IUCN. May 2011. Retrieved 14 August 2021.

[Sonianforest-31] "Sonianforest". Foundation Sonian Forest. Retrieved 14 August 2021.

[natura2000-32] "Natura 2000 Network Viewer". European Environment Agency. Retrieved 14 August 2021.

[33] "Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe (Montenegro)". UNESCO. Retrieved 3 July 2018.

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v t e World Heritage Sites in Albania
Butrint Historic Centres of Berat and Gjirokastër Gashi River and Rrajca part of Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe¹ Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region²		Flag of Albania
¹ with Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland and Ukraine ² This is the extension of the site that has been inscribed in North Macedonia since 1979. The area around the town of Pogradec at the shores of Lake Ohrid was inhabited by the Illyrians in the 5th century BC, followed by the Romans and the Slavs. Traces of the Roman road Via Egnatia are evidence of an important passage route in the region. The ruins of the paleo-christian church of Lin together with its floor mosaics reveal the presence of Christianity. The historical centre of Pogradec represents an example of 19th to 20th century Albanian vernacular architecture.

v t e World Heritage Sites in Austria
Historic Centre of the City of Salzburg Palace and Gardens of Schönbrunn Hallstatt-Dachstein/Salzkammergut Cultural Landscape Semmering Railway City of Graz – Historic Centre and Schloss Eggenberg Wachau Cultural Landscape Fertő / Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape¹ Historic Centre of Vienna Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps² Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe³		Flag of Austria
¹ with Hungary ² with France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia and Switzerland ³ with Albania, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland and Ukraine

v t e World Heritage Sites in Belgium
Architectural Work of Le Corbusier¹ Belfries of Belgium and France² Flemish Béguinages Four Lifts on the Canal du Centre and their Environs Colonies of Benevolence³ Funerary and memory sites of the First World War (Western Front)⁴ Great Spa Towns of Europe⁵ Historic Centre of Bruges La Grand-Place, Brussels Major Mining Sites of Wallonia Major town houses of the architect Victor Horta Neolithic Flint Mines at Spiennes Notre-Dame Cathedral in Tournai Plantin-Moretus House-Workshops-Museum Complex Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe⁶ Stoclet House		Flag of Belgium
¹ Listing shared with six other countries, which includes Belgium's Maison Guiette; ² Listing shared with France; ³ Listing shared with the Netherlands, which includes Belgium's Wortel; ⁴ Listing shared with France ⁵ Listing shared with seven other countries, which includes Belgium's Spa; ⁶ Listing shared with seventeen other countries, which includes Belgium's Sonian Forest.

v t e World Heritage Sites in Bulgaria
Boyana Church Madara Rider Nesebar (Nessebar) Pirin National Park Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe¹ Rila Monastery Rock-hewn Churches of Ivanovo Srebarna Nature Reserve Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari		Flag of Bulgaria
¹ with Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland and Ukraine

v t e World Heritage Sites in Croatia
Cathedral of St. James, Šibenik Dubrovnik Episcopal Complex of the Euphrasian Basilica, Poreč Plitvice Lakes Split with the Palace of Diocletian Stari Grad Plain Stećak¹ Cista Velika Dubravka Trogir Venetian Works of Defence between 15th and 17th centuries² Šibenik Zadar Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe³ Northern Velebit National Park Paklenica		Flag of Croatia
¹ with Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Serbia ² with Italy and Montenegro ³ with Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland and Ukraine