Rocket Factory Augsburg
 |
 | |
| Company type | Privately held company |
|---|---|
| Industry | Aerospace |
| Founded | August 2018 |
| Founder |
|
| Fate | Active |
| Headquarters | , Germany |
| Products | RFA One |
Number of employees | 200[not verified in body] (2023) |
| Website | https://www.rfa.space/ |
Rocket Factory Augsburg AG (RFA) is a German NewSpace start-up located in Augsburg. It was founded in 2018 with the mission to build rockets just like cars.[1][2] Its multistage rocket, RFA One, is currently under development. As of November 2023[update], it had been scheduled to launch during the summer of 2024;[3] however, an anomaly during a first stage static fire test in August 2024 resulted in destruction of the stage and the launch mount.[4][5]
History
[edit]General
[edit]Rocket Factory Augsburg was founded as a spin-off of OHB SE in 2018 by Jörn Spurmann (CCO of RFA), Stefan Brieschenk (COO of RFA), Hans Steiniger (CEO of MT Aerospace) and Marco Fuchs (CEO of OHB SE).[6] As of 2021, Spurmann, Brieschenk, Steiniger, Fuchs, Stefan Tweraser (CEO of RFA), and Jean-Jacques Dordain (Chairman) made up the board of RFA.[7] [8] OHB SE and Apollo Capital Partners GmbH are investors.[9][8][6][7][10]
In March 2021 RFA relocated to a new headquarters facility in Augsburg.[2][9] The company employs more[when?] than 300 people from more than 30 countries.[citation needed]
In April 2022 RFA won the second round of the "DLR microlauncher competition".[11] As part of this contract RFA will launch 150 kg for the German Aerospace Center (DLR) aboard each of the first two RFA One flights. RFA will also receive €11 million[from whom?] to further the development of its launch vehicle.[11]
Locations
[edit]RFA is headquartered in Augsburg, close to Munich, with composite material manufacturing in Portugal, test facilities in Sweden and Scotland, and a launch facility in Scotland.
Since March 2021, the main factory and offices have been located at Berliner Allee 65, Augsburg.[9][12] The company has a team based at the rocket engine development and test site Esrange in Kiruna, Sweden.[9][13] Since June 2021 RFA has had a Portuguese subsidiary, "RFA Portugal Unipessoal LDA," located in Matosinhos,[14] to develop and qualify composite structures for RFA One.[15][16]
| Location | |
|---|---|
  SaxaVord Spaceport RFA launch site Launch site location on Unst island, shown within the Shetland Islands, Scotland, UK | |
| OS grid reference | HP600091 |
| Coordinates | 60°49′05″N 0°46′18″W / 60.818091°N 0.771597°W |
| Administration | |
| Country | Scotland |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
 | |
In January 2023, RFA announced that it had secured exclusive access to Launch Pad Fredo at the SaxaVord Spaceport in Scotland. The company said that the multi-year partnership included a "double-digit million pound investment" in SaxaVord by RFA. The company will use the facility to launch RFA One launch vehicle to polar and Sun-synchronous orbits. The maiden flight of the RFA One is planned to be launched from SaxaVord.[17]
On 29 January 2024, RFA announced plans to launch rockets monthly from SaxaVord Spaceport on Unst in the Shetland Islands, aiming to be Europe's first-ever launch delivering a satellite into orbit.[18] After a static fire test anomaly in August 2024, the company anticipates its initial launch in 2025,[19] following extensive testing and assembly in Augsburg and on-site preparation.[18]
Launch vehicle
[edit]Rocket Factory Augsburg's first launch vehicle is RFA One, a three-stage[clarification needed] rocket designed to launch small satellites and payloads of up to 1,300 kg into polar orbits.[20][better source needed] The vehicle is cvt|30|m}} long with a diameter of 2 m (6 ft 7 in).[9] It has been in development since 2019. The vehicle is designed to transport small and micro-satellites into Low Earth orbit (LEO) and Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO).
The first stage is powered by nine Helix engines, each producing 100kN of thrust.[9][21] The second stage will use one engine, a vacuum-optimised version of the Helix engine.[21] The Helix engine uses rocket-grade kerosene, known as RP-1, fuel and liquid oxygen oxidizer.[9] During 2020 the company redesigned Helix from a gas-generator cycle to an oxygen-rich staged combustion cycle.[9] Some components used in early engine versions, such as the turbopump, were bought from the Ukrainian company Pivdenmash to shorten development time.[22] Later versions of these components have been developed internally.[citation needed]
The third stage, named Redshift, will function as an orbital transfer vehicle (OTV). Since its Fenix engine can be fired multiple times, it is able to reach different orbits within a single flight and complete different missions for different customers.[9] It will use a non-hydrazine based, relightable green propellant.
Production and testing
[edit]The rocket is designed for serial production and is aiming to use a large number of COTS components to reduce production and launch costs. Major components of the engines of the first two stages are to be 3D printed.[citation needed]
In August 2021 RFA performed a cryogenic pressure test on a prototype first stage, during which the prototype burst.[23][9] Three hot fire tests for performed with the Helix rocket engine with a total duration of 74 seconds in July 2022. The second stage was approved for flight operations in May 2023 through the integrated system test with 280 seconds of hot fire.[24]
In April 2024, RFA reported successful installation of five of nine Helix engines onto RFA One's first stage in preparation for transport to SaxaVord Spaceport for hot-fire stage testing.[25]
The first stage of the RFA One arrived in SaxaVord Spaceport in May and successfully preformed its first hot fire test with five Helix engines that same month.[26][27]
In July 2024, RFA successfully tested their third stage Redshift with the in-house manufactured Fenix engine for the full flight duration.[28]
On Monday, 19 August 2024, a static fire test of the first stage with all nine engines, the stage that was slated to fly on the maiden flight of RFA One, experienced an anomaly that resulted in a fire, subsequent explosion, loss of the stage, and major damage to the launch mount.[4][5][29] Ground testing of a new RFA One launch vehicle is slated for 2025, which is also the revised estimate for a first orbital launch attempt.[19]
List of launch plans
[edit]| Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Orbit | User | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025[19] | RFA One | SaxaVord |  AllBertEinStein
|
500km SSO | Multiple users | Planned |
| Maiden flight of RFA One. | ||||||
| (formerly, Q4 2024)[30] | RFA One | SaxaVord | Midas
|
500km SSO | Multiple users | Planned |
| Second RFA One test flight. | ||||||
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ AG, Rocket Factory Augsburg (12 February 2021). "German Microlauncher start-up Rocket Factory announces unrivalled low price of EUR 3 million per rocket launch". GlobeNewswire News Room (Press release). Retrieved 17 May 2022.
- ^ a b Sürig, Dieter (11 February 2021). "Rocket Factory Augsburg: Der "Henry-Ford-Moment"". Süddeutsche.de (in German). Retrieved 17 May 2022.
- ^ Jones, Andrew (15 November 2023). "Rocket Factory Augsburg perceives historic moment for European launch industry". SpaceNews. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
- ^ a b RFA first stage destroyed in static-fire test, SpaceNews, 19 August 2024.
- ^ a b Rocket engine explodes during test at Shetland spaceport, BBC News, 19 August 2024
- ^ a b AG, Rocket Factory Augsburg (12 February 2021). "German Microlauncher start-up Rocket Factory announces unrivalled low price of EUR 3 million per rocket launch". GlobeNewswire News Room (Press release). Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ a b "A New CEO Is Named For Rocket Factory Augsburg (RFA) – SatNews". news.satnews.com. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ a b "ABOUT – Rocket Factory Augsburg". Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Beil, Adrian (30 August 2021). "German startup Rocket Factory Augsburg successfully performs critical tests ahead of 2022 debut". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ Jones, Andrew (8 August 2023). "Rocket Factory Augsburg gets €30 million investment boost". SpaceNews. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
- ^ a b "RFA Wins 11 Million Euros in the DLR Microlauncher Competition". NewSpace Global. 26 April 2022. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
- ^ "CONTACT". Rocket Factory Augsburg. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
- ^ Menn, Andreas (21 June 2021). "Rocket Factory Augsburg: Wird das Deutschlands erste kommerzielle Rakete?". www.wiwo.de (in German). Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ "Rocket Factory Augsburg launches new offices at Matosinhos, Portugal". Orbital Today. 7 July 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
- ^ Payer, Markus (1 July 2021). "Rocket Factory Augsburg expands to Portugal". SpaceWatch.Global. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ "Rocket Factory Augsburg launches new offices at Matosinhos, Portugal". Orbital Today. 7 July 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ "RFA secure exclusive access to SaxaVord launch pad". European Spaceflight. 11 January 2023. Retrieved 3 February 2023.
- ^ a b "German company aims for rocket launch every month from Shetland Islands". The Independent. 29 January 2024. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
- ^ a b c Rainbow, Jason (23 August 2024). "RFA pushes maiden flight to 2025 after launchpad explosion". SpaceNews. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
- ^ "LAUNCHER". Rocket Factory Augsburg. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
- ^ a b "Rocket Factory Augsburg Chose Helix Rocket Engine in a Public Contest". Orbital Today. 5 May 2022. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
- ^ Krempl, Stefan (26 April 2022). "Kleinraketen: Bund beflügelt Rocket Factory Augsburg mit 11 Millionen Euro". heise online (in German). Retrieved 17 May 2022.
- ^ Cryogenic Burst Test - RFA, 30 August 2021, retrieved 17 May 2022
- ^ "RFA completed a crucial Full Duration Hot Fire Test of the RFA One Upper Stage | Space Voyaging". 11 June 2023. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
- ^ "Rocket Factory Augsburg on Twitter". Twitter. 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
- ^ RFA One´s first stage arrived on the launch pad. Retrieved 8 May 2024 – via www.youtube.com.
- ^ "Rocket Factory Augsburg on X". X. 19 May 2024. Retrieved 14 July 2024.
- ^ "Fire tests of the upper Redshift rocket stage have been completed in Germany - Pravda EN". news-pravda.com. 19 July 2024. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
- ^ "Rocket factory Augsburg". x.com. 19 August 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "RFA flies eight customers on second flight". RFA (Press release). 23 November 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.