Han River (Hubei and Shaanxi)

For other rivers called Han, see Han River.

Han River Han Jiang / Hanshui
The Han River in Wuhan
Map highlighting watershed of the Han Jiang
Native name	汉江
Location
Country	China
Region	Shaanxi, Hubei
Cities	Hanzhong, Ankang, Shiyan, Xiangyang, Xiantao, Wuhan
Physical characteristics
Source	Near Hanzhong
• location	Qin Mountains, Shaanxi
• coordinates	33°08′32″N 106°49′42″E
• elevation	580 m (1,900 ft)
Mouth	Yangtze River
• location	Wuhan, Hubei
• coordinates	30°33′52″N 114°17′30″E
• elevation	75 m (246 ft)
Length	1,532 km (952 mi), Northwest-southeast
Basin size	174,300 km2 (67,300 sq mi)
Discharge
• average	1,632 m3/s (57,600 cu ft/s)
• maximum	33,500 m3/s (1,180,000 cu ft/s)
Basin features
River system	Yangtze River basin
Tributaries
• left	Xun, Dan, Bai River (China), Fushui River
• right	Du, Chi, Nan, Muma

Han River
Traditional Chinese	漢江
Simplified Chinese	汉江
Literal meaning	Han River
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Hànjiāng Wade–Giles Han Chiang
Traditional Chinese	漢水
Simplified Chinese	汉水
Literal meaning	Han River (not "Han water")
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Hànshuǐ Wade–Giles Han-shui

The Han River, also known by its Chinese names Hanshui (Chinese: 汉水) and Han Jiang (汉江), is a major river in Central China. A left tributary of the Yangtze, the longest river in Asia, it has a length of 1,532 km (952 mi) and is the longest tributary of the Yangtze system.

The river gave its name to the ancient Chinese Han dynasty, which marked one of ancient China's first golden ages and through it, to the Han Chinese, the dominant ethnic group in modern China and the most populous ethnic group in the world. It is also the namesake of the city of Hanzhong on its upper course.

Geography

The headwaters of the Han flow from Mount Bozhong in southwestern Shaanxi. The stream then travels east across the southern part of that province. Its highland valley—known as the Qinba Laolin—divides and is protected by the Qinling or Qin Mountains to its north and the Dabashan or Daba Mountains to its south. The main cities are Hanzhong in the west and Ankang in the east. It then enters Hubei. It crosses most of Hubei from the northwest to the southeast, flowing into the Yangtze at the provincial capital Wuhan, a city of several million inhabitants. The merging rivers divide the city of Wuhan into three sections: Wuchang in the south, Hankou to the northeast of the confluence, and Hanyang to its southwest. The area surrounding the confluence is known as the Jianghan Plain.

Apart from a few major basins, such as the area around Hanzhong, the highlands of the Han were covered in primeval forests as late as the 19th century. The Nanshan Forest covered the northern slopes; the Bashan Forest, the southern.

Satellite view of the Han River near Yangxipu in Yunyang District, Hubei

Hydroelectric Projects

Danjiangkou Dam was constructed on the Han River in northern Hubei in 1958. It has been heightened since. The Danjiangkou Reservoir created thereby is now used as part of the South–North Water Transfer Project.

Culture

The river was previously considered holy by the inhabitants on its banks. It is also considered part of the dividing line between northern and southern China.

See also

• Xihan River, the "Western Han"