Mori Kingdom
 | This article may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling. (July 2023) |
Mori Rajputs | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 700 – 734 CE.[1][2] | |||||||||
The Moris and neighbouring South Asian polities circa 600 CE.[3] | |||||||||
| Capital | Chittorgarh Fort, Rajasthan, India 24°53′11″N 74°38′49″E / 24.8863°N 74.647°E | ||||||||
| Religion | State religion: | ||||||||
| |||||||||
.png){kind=small}
The Mori was a kingdom that ruled over southwestern Rajasthan and northern Malwa from the 7th century and for a period of about 120 years.[6] They controlled the Chittor Fort. The Mori Rajputs were probably the most powerful power in this region before the rise of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty. They are considered as the branch of later Mauryans.[7][8]
History
[edit]The Mori Rajputs are mentioned as one of the thirty-five branches of the Parmar Rajput clan by British scholars.[9] Chitrangada Mori, a Mori Rajput ruler, laid the foundation of the fort of Chittorgarh.[10][11][2]
A dynasty belonging to the Mori clan controlled the Chittor Fort and the surrounding region before the Guhila dynasty. The fort of Chittor was a well established citadel in the 8th century under the Moris.[12] The Chittorgarh inscription dated 713 AD gives four names of Mori Rajput rulers of Chittor.[13]
Bappa Rawal probably led the Mori campaign against the Arabs, which made him more famous than his overlord. Later, he either deposed Manuraja and became the king of Chittor with the help of the nobles or became the king after Manuraja died childless.[14] The Moris were expelled from Chittorgarh by Bappa Rawal.[15][16]
Defeat by the Arabs
[edit]According to C.K. Majumdar, the Moris were ruling at Chittor[17] when the Arabs (mlechchhas) invaded north-western India around 725 CE.[17] The Arabs defeated the Moris, and in turn, were defeated by a confederacy that included Bappa Rawal.[18][19][20]
Inscriptions
[edit]The Dabok stone inscription, dating back to Gupta Samvat 407 (circa 725 AD), records events during the reign of Dhavalappadeva. This ruler is likely identified with Dhavala, a prince from the Maurya dynasty mentioned in the Kansuvam inscription of Vikrama Samvat 795 (738 AD).[21] Prior to Dhavala, Mana ruled Chittor until at least 736 AD as per the Kansuvam inscription. It is known that Bappa captured the fort from Mana Mori, not from Dhavala Mori.[22] The Kanswa inscription describes Dhavala as follows:
(L.5)- The rulers (born) in this Mauryan race , like the elephants of the quarters, filling the noble with joy by (their) faces bright with generosity (as with rutting-juice) together with their adherents confidently take delight everywhere, undaunted of mind (and) exulting in (their) pride, of known renown on account of (their) good lineage (and) known for (their) virtues, praiseworthy for probity and full of energy.
(L.6)- Among these kings, who were such (and) who ruled the whole earth, there was a prince who, Dhavala as he was, was dazzling by (his) fame. For their own sins, which day by day they always openly brought on themselves by their bodies and so forth, he defeated (his) enemies and reduced the wretches to such a state that, like evil spirits, naked (and) ever famishing (and thus) day by day revealing the punishment (meted out to them, and) again and again wandering at night to strangers houses, they even now are kings.
—Kanswa Inscription of Dhavala Mori[23]
Decline of Mori Kingdom
[edit]King Maan Mori was defeated by Bappa Rawal. Bappa Rawal, defeated his maternal grandfather and captured the kingdom of Chittor. This event is mentioned in the Rajprashasti Abhilekh, in the epic Mahakavya, in Canto 3.[24] [25]
As per yet another saying, the last king of Mori Dynasty of Chittor was Maan Singh Mori who fought against Arabs (mlechchhas) invasion north-western India around 725 CE.[17] Muhammad bin Qasim who was an Arab military commander in service of the Umayyad Caliphate, attacked Chittor via Mathura. Bappa Rawal, of Guhila dynasty, was a commander in Mori army. After defeating Bin Qasim, Bappa Rawal obtained Chittor in dowry from Maan Singh Mori in 734 A.D. Then onwards Chittor is ruled by Sisodia Rajputs.[26] Still descendents of Chitrangada Mori are surviving in the Malwa region of India.[citation needed]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ Parameswaran, Dr S. Pari (13 January 2023). ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL HISTORY: AN EAGLE'S VIEW FOR CIVIL SERVICES AND OTHER EXAMS. MJP Publisher. ISBN 978-93-5528-240-8.
- ^ a b Guides, Bluworlds; Das, Joydip. Royal Rajasthan Pocket Travel Guide. Bluworlds Guides.
- ^ Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 21, 147. ISBN 0226742210.
- ^ Balogh, Dániel (9 December 2018). "Chittorgarh fragmentary inscriptions of the Naigamas, inked rubbing". doi:10.5281/zenodo.2105017.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Epigraphia Indica Vol 34. pp. 53–58.
- ^ Somani, ram Vallabh (1976). History Of Mewar. p. 28.
- ^ Shukla, Dinesh Chandra (1978). Early History of Rajasthan. Delhi: Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan. pp. 185–186.
In the seventh century or in the beginning of the eighth century, the Mauryas, evidently the same as the Mori Rajputs, had a strong principality in S.E. Rajasthan
- ^ Sharma, Dasharatha (1966). Rajasthan Through the Ages: From the earliest times to 1316 A.D. Rajasthan State Archives. pp. 226–228.
- ^ Chand, Faquir; Sinha, N. K. (1992). People of India: Daman and Diu. Popular Prakashan. ISBN 978-81-7154-762-3.
- ^ Singh Chib, Sukhdev (1979). Rajasthan. The University of Michigan. p. 118.
- ^ Rajasthan. The University of Michigan. 1962. p. 44.
- ^ India Tourism Development Corporation, India Tourism Development Corporation (1975). Guide to Rajasthan. India Tourism Development Corporation. p. 169.
- ^ Rajasthan State Gazetteer, Rajasthan State Gazetteer (1995). Rajasthan State Gazetteer: History and culture. Directorate, District Gazetteers, Government of Rajasthan. p. 322.
- ^ Shyam Manohar Mishra 1977, p. 48.
- ^ Topsfield, Andrew (2001). Court Painting at Udaipur Art Under the Patronage of the Maharanas of Mewar. Artibus Asiae Publishers. p. 17. ISBN 9783907077030.
- ^ Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series, Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series (1965). Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series. The University of California. p. 52.
- ^ a b c R. C. Majumdar 1977, p. 298-299.
- ^ Ram Vallabh Somani 1976, p. 45.
- ^ Khalid Yahya Blankinship 1994, p. 188.
- ^ Kumar, Raj (2008). Encyclopaedia Of Untouchables : Ancient Medieval And Modern. Gyan Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-7835-664-8.
- ^ Raychaudhari, HC. The dynastic History of Northern India, Volume II. Calcutta University Press. p. 1198.
Dabok stone-inscription dated in Gupta Samvat 407 (c. 725 A.D.). The inscription is dated in the victorious reign of the Dhavalappadeva, who has with some probability been identified with the Maurya prince Dhavala of the Kansuvam inscription dated in V.S. 795 (A.D. 738).
- ^ R. Ram (1962). History Of The Guhilots (From c. 550 A.D. to c.1364 A.D.). Banaras Hindu University.
Pg.66 : After Mana, Dhavala of the Mori dynasty was reigning in the vicinity of Chitoda at least upto 736 A.D., the date of his Kansuvama inscription. As we know that Bappa seized the fort from Mana and not from Dhavala.
Pg. 163 : Dhavala of this record with a Mori king Dhavala of the Kansuvama inscription of 759 A.D. - ^ Richard Carnac, John Faithfull Fleet. Indian Antiquary: A Journal of Oriental Research, Volume 19. Calcutta University Press. p. 60.
- ^ Bhatt, Ranchod (1973). Rajprasastia Mahakavyam.
- ^ Ranchod Bhatt Maharana (1973). Raj Singh Raj Prashasti.
- ^ indianrajputs.com/history.
Bibliography
[edit]- Khalid Yahya Blankinship (1994). The End of the Jihad State: The Reign of Hisham Ibn 'Abd al-Malik and the Collapse of the Umayyads. SUNY Press. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-7914-1827-7.
- Ram Vallabh Somani (1976). History of Mewar, from Earliest Times to 1751 A.D. Mateshwari. OCLC 2929852.
- R. C. Majumdar (1977). Ancient India. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 9788120804364.
- Shyam Manohar Mishra (1977). Yaśovarman of Kanauj. Abhinav. OCLC 557679616.
 | This article about an Indian ethnicity or social group is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |