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List of endemic plants in the Mariana Islands

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Micronesia is a biodiversity hotspot with an exceptionally high richness of endemic plant species, 10 times higher than that of Hawaii.[1] The Mariana Islands form an archipelago in the northwest of the Micronesian region.

In 2012, Craig M. Costion and David H. Lorence compiled a list of Micronesian endemic plants, and assessed that the Mariana Islands had 22 endemic plant species (16 species in the southern Mariana Islands, of which 11 were isolated to Guam, and 5 species in the northern Mariana Islands). They concluded that there was an approximately 3% rate of endemism in the Mariana Islands (endemic species per km2), which is comparable to the rates in Hawaii (4%) and Tonga (2%) but lower than the 14% rate of endemism among all Micronesian islands.[1] However, the number of known Marianas endemics has greatly expanded since then with new discoveries, taxonomic revisions, and improvements in digitized databases.

Plants endemic to the Mariana Islands

[edit]

The following list includes plants that have an endemic range only within the Mariana Islands. "Mariana Islands" is defined in accordance with the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD), level 3 code "MRN," and includes the following geopolitical territories:

Only species, subspecies, varieties, and forms that are recognized as "accepted" by the Plants of the World Online database are included in this list; synonyms are not include. Some synonyms are listed next to the accepted name if they are still in common use in recent botanical literature. Subspecies are abbreviated "subs.," varieties "var.," and forms "f." after the species name.

The following list of Marianas endemic plants was compiled based on a list generated by Plants of the World Online in May 2023. This list may not be complete and may not reflect recent changes in taxonomy. An updated list of accepted species for a geographic area can be generated on the Plants of the World Online.[2]

Plants are listed in order by size of their approximate native range, beginning with those with the most restricted native ranges.

Scientific name Chamorro name(s) Order Native Distribution Conservation status
Terminalia rostrata Fosberg & Falanruw[3] Myrtales Asuncion[3]
Leptecophylla mariannensis (Kaneh.) C.M.Weiller[4] Ericales Alamagan[4]
Psychotria hombroniana (Baill.) Fosberg[5]
  • Psychotria hombroniana var. mariannensis (Kaneh.) Fosberg[6]
  • Psychotria hombroniana var. ladronica (Hosok.) Fosberg[7]
  • Psychotria hombroniana var. hombroniana[8]
 Aplokating-palaoan[9] Rubiales Psychotria hombroniana: Marianas, Caroline Islands[5]
  • var. mariannensis: Alamagan[6]
  • var. ladronica (Hosok.) Fosberg: Rota[7]
  • var. hombroniana: Marianas
Osmoxylon mariannense (Kaneh.) Fosberg & Sachet[10] No known common name[11] Apiales Rota[10] Critically endangered (IUCN)[12] Endangered (USFWS)[11]
Nesogenes rotensis Fosberg & D.R.Herbst[13] No known common name[14] Lamiales Rota[13] Endangered (USFWS)[11]
Derris mariannensis Hosok.[15] Fabales Rota[15]
Psychotria rotensis Kaneh.[16]
  • Psychotria rotensis var. rotensis[17]
 Gentianales Psychotria rotensis: Marianas, Caroline Islands[16]
  • Psychotria rotensis var. rotensis: Rota[17]
 Psychotria rotensis is considered a rare plant on Guam by GPEPP (University of Guam)[18]
Croton saipanensis Hosok.[19] Euphorbiales Saipan[19]
Mucuna pacifica Hosok.[20] Fabales Saipan[20]
Phreatia ladronica Tuyama[21] Asparagales Saipan[21]
Hedyotis scabridifolia Kaneh.[22]
  • Hedyotis scabridifolia var. scabridifolia[23]
  • Hedyotis scabridifolia var. stonei Fosberg[24]
 Gentianales Hedyotis scabridifolia:Marianas[22]
  • var. scabridifolia: Saipan[23]
  • var. stonei: Rota, Guam
Pogostemon guamensis Lorence & W.L.Wagner[25] No known common name Lamiales Guam (northern limestone cliff faces)[25][26] Critically endangered (preliminarily)[26]
Tinospora homosepala Diels[27] No known common name[14] Ranunculales Guam[27] Endangered (USFWS)[14]
Hedyotis megalantha Merr.[28] Paudedo[14] Gentianales Guam[28] Endangered (USFWS)[14]
Eugenia bryanii Kaneh.[29] No known common name[14] Myrtales Guam[29] Endangered (USFWS)[14]
Psychotria malaspinae Merr.[30] Aplokating-palaoan[14] Gentianales Guam[30] Endangered (USFWS)[14]
Elatostema divaricatum (Gaudich.) Fosberg[31] Rosales Guam[31]
Elatostema stenophyllum Merr.[32] Rosales Guam[32]
Dianella saffordiana Fosberg & Sachet[33] Asparagales Guam[33]
Potamogeton marianensis Cham. & Schltdl.[34] Alismatales Guam[34]
Psychotria andersonii Fosberg[35] Gentianales Guam[35]
Digitaria gaudichaudii (Kunth) Henrard[36] Poales Guam[36]
Schleinitzia fosbergii Nevling & Niezgoda[37] Fabales Guam[37]
Allophylus holophyllus Radlk.[38] Ericales Guam[38]
Rhaphidophora guamensis P.C.Boyce[39] Araceae Guam[39]
Timonius nitidus (Bartl. ex DC.) Fern.-Vill.[40] Gentianales Guam[40]
Syzygium guamense Byng[41] Myrtales Guam[41]
Bulbophyllum raulersoniae Deloso, Paulino & Cootes[42] Asparagales Guam[42] Proposed by Deloso et al. to be listed as endangered[43]
Crepidium alamaganense (S.Kobay.) T.Yukawa[44]

(synonym: Malaxis alamaganensis)

Asparagales Northern Marianas[44]
Peperomia mariannensis C.DC.[45]
  • Peperomia mariannensis f. saipana (C.DC.) Fosberg[46]
 Piperales Peperomia mariannensis: Marianas, Caroline Islands (Palau)[45]
  • f. saipana (C.DC.) Fosberg: Saipan, Tinian
Dendrobium oblongimentum Hosok. & Fukuy.[47] Asparagales Guam (northern), Rota[47]
Serianthes nelsonii Merr.[48] Håyun lågu (Guam)

Trongkon guåfi (Rota)[14]

Fabales Guam, Rota[48] Endangered (USFWS)[11]
Bulbophyllum guamense Ames[49] Siboyas hålom tåno[14] Asparagales Guam, Rota[49] Threatened (USFWS)[14]
Thelypteris gretheri (W.H.Wagner) B.C.Stone[50]

(synonym: Cyclosorus gretheri)

Polypodiales Guam, Rota[50]
Thelypteris guamensis (Holttum) Fosberg & Sachet[51] (synonym: Cyclosorus guamensis) Polypodiales Guam, Rota[51]
Tabernaemontana rotensis (Kaneh.) B.C.Stone[52] (considered by POWO to be a synonym of the more widespread Tabernaemontana pandacaqui[53] although it was determined by USFWS, using genetic analysis, to be a distinct species.[54] No known common name[14] Gentianales Guam, Rota[54] Threatened (USFWS) (Tabernaemontana rotensis)[14]
Syzygium thompsonii[55] Atoto[9] Myrtales Guam, Rota, Saipan[55]
Solanum guamense Merr.[56] Berenghenas halomtano[14] Solanales Marianas[56] Endangered (USFWS)[14]
Phyllanthus saffordii Merr.[57] No known common name[57] Malpighiales Marianas[57] Endangered (USFWS)[14]
Hedyotis laciniata Kaneh.[58] Gentianales Marianas[58] Considered a rare plant on Guam by GPEPP (University of Guam)[59]
Claoxylon marianum Müll.Arg.[60] Katot[9] Malpighiales Marianas[60] Considered a rare plant on Guam by GPEPP (University of Guam)[61]
Nervilia jacksoniae Rinehart & Fosberg[62] No known common name[14] Asparagales Marianas[62] Threatened (USFWS)[11]
Maesa walkeri Fosberg & Sachet[63] No known common name[14] Ericales Marianas[63] Threatened (USFWS)[11]
Dendrobium guamense Ames[64] No known common name[14] Asparagales Marianas[64] Threatened (USFWS)[14]
Trachoma guamense (Ames) Garay (synonym: Tuberolabium guamense)[65] No known common name[14] Asparagales Marianas[65] Threatened (USFWS)[14]
Canavalia megalantha Merr.[66] Fabales Marianas[66]
Dischidia puberula Decne.[67] Gentianales Marianas[67]
Jasminum marianum DC.[68] Banago[9] Lamiales Marianas[68]
Eugenia palumbis Merr.[69] Agatelang[9] Myrtales Marianas[69]
Drypetes dolichocarpa Kaneh.[70](synonym: Drypetes rotensis) Mwelel[71] Malpighiales Marianas[70]
Macaranga thompsonii Merr.[72] Pengua[9] Malpighiales Marianas[72]
Ochrosia mariannensis A.DC.[73]
  • Ochrosia mariannensis var. mariannensis[74]
  • Ochrosia mariannensis var. crassicarpa Fosberg & Falanruw[75]
 Langiti[76] Gentianales Marianas[73]
  • var. mariannensis (Marianas)[74]
  • var. crassicarpa (Saipan)[75]
Discocalyx megacarpa Merr.[77] Otot[9] Ericales Marianas[77]
Discocalyx ladronica Mez[78] Ericales Marianas[78]
Piper guahamense C.DC.[79] Pupúlu aniti[9] Piperales Marianas[79]
Piper salicinum Opiz[80] Piperales Marianas[80]
Ischaemum longisetum Merr.[81] Poales Marianas[81]
Cyrtandra agrihanensis Ohba[2] Lamiales Marianas[2]
Premna mariannarum Schauer[82] Lamiales Marianas[82]
Premna paulobarbata H.J.Lam[83] Lamiales Marianas[83]
Corchorus tiniannensis Hosok.[84] Malvales Marianas[84]
Grammatophyllum schmidtianum Schltr.[85] Asparagales Marianas[85]
Bikkia longicarpa Valeton[86] Gentianales Marianas[86]
Allophylus laetus Radlk.[87] Sapindales Marianas[87]
Tarenna sambucina var. glabra (Merr.) Fosberg & Sachet[88] Gentianales Marianas[88]
Callicarpa lamii Hosok.[89] Lamiales Marianas[89] (Guam, Rota, Aguiguan, Tinian, Saipan, Alamagan, Pagan, Agrihan)
Callicarpa candicans var. paucinervia (Merr.) Fosberg[90] Hamlag[9] Lamiales Marianas[90]

Plants endemic to the Pacific islands, including the Mariana Islands

[edit]

The following list includes plants that are native to the Marianas but have a broader native range in Micronesia or the Pacific islands. Plants with native ranges into the Asian continent are not included.

Only species or subspecies that are recognized as "accepted" by the Plants of the World Online database are included in this list (synonyms are not include). Some synonyms are listed with the accepted name if they are still in common use in recent botanical literature. This list is not complete and may not reflect recent changes in taxonomy. An updated and complete list can be generated on the Plants of the World Online.[2]

Plants are listed roughly in order by size of their native range, beginning with plants with the most restricted native ranges.

Scientific name Chamorro name(s) Order Native Distribution Conservation status
Phreatia thompsonii Ames[91] Asparagales Guam, Pohnape[91]
Meryta senfftiana Volkens[92] Apiales Saipan to Caroline Islands[92]
Phyllanthus marianus Müll.Arg.[93] Gaogao uchan[9] Malpighiales Marianas to Caroline Islands (Ulithi)[93]
Psychotria mariana Bartl. ex DC.[94] Aplokating[9] Gentianales Marianas to Caroline Islands (Fais)[94]
Ixora triantha Volkens[95] Guaguat[96] Gentianales Marianas, Caroline Islands (Yap)[95]
Elaeocarpus joga Merr.[97] Yoga[9] Oxalidales Marianas, Caroline Islands (Palau)[97]
Zeuxine fritzii Schltr.[98] Asparagales Marianas, Caroline Islands (Palau)[98]
Zeuxine ovata (Gaudich.) Garay & W.Kittr.[99] Asparagales Marianas, Caroline Islands (Palau)[99]
Artocarpus mariannensis Trécul[100] Dugdug[9] Rosales Marianas to Caroline Islands (Palau)[100]
Heritiera longipetiolata Kaneh.[101] Ufa hålom tåno'[14] Malvales Marianas to Caroline Islands (Pohnpei)[101] Endangered (USFWS)[14]
Glochidion marianum Müll.Arg.[102] (synonym: Phyllanthus mariannensis;[103] WFO recognizes Phyllanthus mariannensis as an accepted species.[104]) Chosgu[105] Malpighiales Glochidion marianum: Guam and Caroline Islands[103]

Phyllanthus mariannensis: Guam[104]

Taeniophyllum marianense Schltr.[106] Asparagales Marianas, Caroline Islands[106]
Hedyotis fruticulosa (Volkens) Merr.[107] Gentianales Marianas, Caroline Islands[107]
Ficus microcarpa var. saffordii (Merr.) Corner[108] Rosales Marianas, Caroline Islands[108]
Tephrosia mariana DC.[109] Fabales Marianas, Caroline Islands[109]
Sporobolus farinosus Hosok.[110] Poales Marianas, Caroline Islands[110]
Coelogyne guamensis Ames[111] Asparagales Marianas, Caroline Islands[111]
Thelypteris maemonensis (W.H.Wagner & Grether) B.C.Stone[112] (synonym: Cyclosorus maemonensis) Polypodiales Marianas, Caroline Islands[112]
Elatostema calcareum Merr.[113] Tupun ayuyu[114] Rosales Marianas, Caroline Islands[113]
Xylosma nelsonii Merr.[115] Malpighialies Marianas, Caroline Islands[115]
Gymnosporia thompsonii Merr.[116] (synonym: Maytenus thompsonii) Luluhot[9] Celastrales Marianas to Caroline Islands[116]
Aglaia mariannensis Merr.[117] Mapuñao[9] Sapindales Marianas to Caroline Islands[117]
Melastoma malabathricum var. mariannum (Naudin) Fosberg & Sachet[118] Gafao[9] Myrtales Marianas, Caroline Islands[118]
Sphaeropteris aramaganensis (Kaneh.) R.M.Tryon[119] Cyatheales South Kazan-retto to Marianas[119]
Digitaria mezii Kaneh.[120] Poales Marianas, New Guinea[120]
Cycas micronesica K.D.Hill[121] Fadang[14] Cycadales Marianas, Caroline Islands, Marshall Islands)[121] Endangered (IUCN); Threatened (USFWS)[14]
Melochia villosissima (C.Presl) Merr.[122] Sayåfii[123] Malvales Kazan-retto (Minami-Iōtō) to northwestern Pacific (Caroline Is., Marianas)[122]
Myoporum boninense Koidz.[124] Lamiales Ogasawara-shoto, Marianas, New South Wales
Ixora casei Hance[125] Gentianales Northwest Pacific to Gilbert Islands (Caroline Is., Gilbert Is., Marianas, Marshall Is.)[125]
Dendrocnide latifolia (Gaudich.) Chew[126] Rosales Solomon Islands to W. Pacific (Caroline Is., Marianas, New Caledonia, Solomon Is., Vanuatu)[126]
Freycinetia reineckei Warb.[127] Fianiti[123] Pandanales Western Pacific (Caroline Is., Marianas, Samoa, Vanuatu)[127]
Myrtella bennigseniana (Volkens) Diels[128] Myrtales Marianas, Caroline Is., New Guinea[128]
Hernandia labyrinthica Tuyama[129] Laurales Marianas, New Guinea, Solomon Is.[129]
Medinilla medinillana (Gaudich.) Fosberg & Sachet[130] Myrtales Maluku, Marianas, New Guinea, Sulawesi[130]
Leptopetalum foetidum (G.Forst.) Neupane & N.Wikstr.[131] Gentianales Cook Is., Fiji, Marianas, New Caledonia, Niue, Samoa, Tonga, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu[131]
Eugenia reinwardtiana (Blume) DC.[132] A'abang Myrtales Jawa (Kangean Island) to Pacific (Borneo, Caroline Is., Cook Is., Fiji, Hawaii, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Is., Maluku, Marianas, Marquesas, New Guinea, Niue, Pitcairn Is., Queensland, Samoa, Society Is., Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu, Western Australia)[132]
Merrilliodendron megacarpum (Hemsl.) Sleumer[133] Icacinales Philippines to W. Pacific (Bismarck Archipelago, Caroline Is., Marianas, New Guinea, Philippines, Santa Cruz Is., Solomon Is., Sulawesi, Vanuatu)[133]
Capparis spinosa subsp. cordifolia (Lam.) Fici[134]

(synonym: Capparis mariana)

Brassicales Central Malesia to western and southern Pacific (Caroline Is., Cook Is., Fiji, Lesser Sunda Is., Marianas, Marshall Is., Nauru, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Niue, Philippines, Pitcairn Is., Samoa, Society Is., Solomon Is., Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu, Wallis-Futuna Is.)[134]
Grewia prunifolia A.Gray[135] Malvales Cook Is., Fiji, Marianas, New Caledonia, Niue, Samoa, Society Is., Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu, Wallis-Futuna Is.[135]
Gynochthodes myrtifolia (synonym: Morinda umbellata var. glandulosa (Merr.) Fosberg)[136] Gentianales G. myrtifolia: western and southern Pacific (Caroline Is., Cook Is., Fiji, Marianas, Marquesas, New Caledonia, Niue, Pitcairn Is., Samoa, Society Is., Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu, Wallis-Futuna Is.)[136] Considered a rare plant on Guam by GPEPP (University of Guam) (listed as Morinda umbellata)[137]
Heliotropium anomalum Hook. & Arn.[138] Boraginales Caroline Is., Cook Is., Hawaii, Line Is., Marianas, New Caledonia, Niue, Pitcairn Is., Society Is., Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Wake I.[138]
Geniostoma rupestre var. glaberrimum (Benth.) B.J.Conn[139] Måhlok håyu, Anasser[9] Gentianales Solomon Islands to western and southern Pacific (Caroline Is., Fiji, Marianas, New Caledonia, Niue, Pitcairn Is., Samoa, Santa Cruz Is., Society Is., Tonga, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu, Wallis-Futuna Is.)[139]
Solanum repandum G.Forst.[140] (synonym: Solanum mariannense) Solanales Bismarck Archipelago, Cook Is., Fiji, Marianas, Marquesas, Niue, Pitcairn Is., Society Is., Vanuatu[140] (Solanum mariannense previously reported to be endemic to Rota)[1]
Sphaeropteris lunulata (G.Forst.) R.M.Tryon(often listed as its synonym, Cyathea lunulata (G.Forst.) Copel.[141] Cyatheales Bismarck Archipelago to western Pacific (Bismarck Archipelago, Caroline Is., Fiji, Marianas, Samoa, Santa Cruz Is., Solomon Is., Sulawesi, Tonga, Vanuatu, Wallis-Futuna Is.)[142] Cyathea lunulata (synonymous name) is considered a rare plant on Guam by GPEPP (University of Guam)[143]
Cocos nucifera L.[144] Niyok (coconut) Arecales Central Malesia to SW. Pacific (Bismarck Archipelago, Maluku, New Guinea, Philippines, Queensland, Samoa, Santa Cruz Is., Solomon Is., Tonga, Vanuatu)[144]
Bikkia tetrandra (L.f.) A.Rich.[145] Gausali[9] Gentianales New Guinea to western Pacific (Caroline Is., Fiji, Marianas, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Niue, Solomon Is., Tonga, Vanuatu, Wallis-Futuna Is.)[145]
Polyscias macgillivrayi (Benth.) Harms[146]

Synonym: Polyscias grandifolia

Pepega[9] Apiales New Guinea to western Pacific (Bismarck Archipelago, Caroline Is., Gilbert Is., Marianas, New Guinea, Queensland, Santa Cruz Is., Solomon Is.)[146]
Meiogyne cylindrocarpa (Burck) Heusden[147] Paipai[9] Magnoliales Malesia to Marianas and N. Australia (Borneo, Jawa, Marianas, New Guinea, Northern Territory, Philippines, Queensland, Vanuatu, Western Australia)[147]
Paratrophis pendulina (Endl.) E.M.Gardner[148] (synonym: Streblus pendulinus)[149] Rosales E. New Guinea to E. Australia and Pacific (Caroline Is., Fiji, Hawaii, Marianas, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, Norfolk Is., Queensland, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu)[148]
Psydrax odoratus subsp. odoratus[150] Gentianales Caroline Is., Fiji, Hawaii, Marianas, Marquesas, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Pitcairn Is., Society Is., Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu
Tristiropsis acutangula[151][152]

(synonym, Tristiropsis obtusangula)[153]

Fai'a[9] Sapindales Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Caroline Is., Christmas I., Jawa, Lesser Sunda Is., Maluku, Marianas, New Guinea, Philippines, Queensland, Solomon Is., Sulawesi
Fagraea berteroana A.Gray ex Benth.[154] Gentianales Papuasia to Pacific (Bismarck Archipelago, Caroline Is., Cook Is., Fiji, Gilbert Is., Marianas, Marquesas, Nauru, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Niue, Queensland, Samoa, Society Is., Solomon Is., Tonga, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu, Wallis-Futuna Is.)[154]
Asplenium laserpitiifolium Lam.[155] Polypodiales Nansei-shoto to Malesia and Pacific (Bismarck Archipelago, Caroline Is., Fiji, Kazan-retto, Lesser Sunda Is., Maluku, Marianas, Marquesas, Nansei-shoto, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Niue, Ogasawara-shoto, Philippines, Queensland, Samoa, Society Is., Solomon Is., Sulawesi, Tonga, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu, Wallis-Futuna Is.)[155] Considered a rare plant on Guam by GPEPP (University of Guam)
Alyxia stellata (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Roem. & Schult.[156] Gentianales Northeast Queensland to Pacific (Caroline Is., Cook Is., Fiji, Hawaii, Marianas, Marquesas, New Caledonia, Niue, Pitcairn Is., Queensland, Samoa, Society Is., Solomon Is., Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu, Wallis-Futuna Is.)[156]
Pandanus tectorius Parkinson[157] Pandanales Philippines to Pacific and eastern Australia (Bismarck Archipelago, Caroline Is., Cocos (Keeling) Is., Cook Is., Fiji, Gilbert Is., Hawaii, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Is., Line Is., Maluku, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Nauru, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, Niue, Philippines, Pitcairn Is., Queensland, Samoa, Santa Cruz Is., Society Is., Solomon Is., Tokelau-Manihiki, Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Wake I., Wallis-Futuna Is.)[157]

Plants formerly considered or currently proposed to be endemic to the Mariana Islands

[edit]

The following list includes select species or variants that have previously been considered endemic to the Mariana Islands, and may still be listed as such in certain publications, but are not considered to be valid species according to the Plants of the World Online database. Also included here are species that have more recently been proposed to be distinct species or subspecies, but have not yet been accepted.

Scientific name Chamorro name(s) Order Native Distribution Conservation status
Korthalsella species (unnamed species presented at Micronesia Terrestrial Conservation Conference)[158] Santalales
Zehneria guamensis (Merr.) Fosberg[159] Ahgaga[160] Cucurbitales Despite its species name, it is listed as native to China South-Central, China Southeast, Marianas, Nansei-shoto, Taiwan.[159] However, it is elsewhere described as a Marianas endemic.[161][162][163] Considered a rare plant on Guam by GPEPP (University of Guam)[160]
Carallia tulasnei Baill (unplaced name)[164] Malpighiales Marianas
Melanolepis multiglandulosa var. glabrata (Müll.Arg.) Fosberg[165] (synonym of the more widespread Melanolepis multiglandulosa (Reinw. ex Blume) Rchb. & Zoll.) Ålom[166] Malpighiales Melanolepis multiglandulosa var. glabrata (previously reported to be endemic to the Marianas[165])

Melanolepis multiglandulosa (S. Indo-China to Nansei-shoto and NW. Pacific, including Marianas)

Ceratopteris gaudichaudii Brongn. (synonym of the pan-tropical Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn.)[167] Polypodiales Ceratopteris gaudichaudii:

Ceratopteris thalictroides: pan-tropical/subtropical[168]

Cerbera dilatata Markgr.[169] (synonym of Cerbera odollam Gaertn.)[170] Chiute[171] Gentianales Cerbera dilatata: previously listed as a Marianas endemic[71]

Cerbera odollam: South India to Pacific[170]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Costion, Craig (2012). "The Endemic Plants of Micronesia: A Geographical Checklist and Commentary" (PDF). Micronesica. 43 (1). Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d "World Checklist of Vascular Plants: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". checklistbuilder.science.kew.org. Archived from the original on 18 March 2023. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Terminalia rostrata Fosberg & Falanruw | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
  4. ^ a b "Leptecophylla mariannensis (Kaneh.) C.M.Weiller | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Archived from the original on 22 February 2024. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
  5. ^ a b "Psychotria hombroniana (Baill.) Fosberg | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Archived from the original on 20 March 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
  6. ^ a b "Psychotria hombroniana var. mariannensis (Kaneh.) Fosberg | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Archived from the original on 20 June 2024. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
  7. ^ a b "Psychotria hombroniana var. ladronica (Hosok.) Fosberg | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Archived from the original on 27 March 2023. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
  8. ^ "Psychotria hombroniana var. hombroniana | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Archived from the original on 27 March 2023. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Falanruw, Marjorie C.; Maka, Jean E.; Whitesell, Craig D.; Cole, Thomas G. (1990). Common and Scientific Names of Trees and Shrubs of Mariana, Caroline, and Marshall Islands (PDF). Berkeley, CA: United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
  10. ^ a b "Osmoxylon mariannense (Kaneh.) Fosberg & Sachet | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Archived from the original on 21 March 2023. Retrieved 21 March 2023.
  11. ^ a b c d e f "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Initiation of 5-Year Status Reviews for 156 Species in Oregon, Washington, Hawaii, Palau, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands". 2018. Archived from the original on 30 January 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
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