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Radical 213

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龜
← 212 Radical 213 (U+2FD4) 214 →
龜 (U+9F9C) "turtle"
Pronunciations
Pinyin:guī
Bopomofo:ㄍㄨㄟ
Wade–Giles:kuei1
Cantonese Yale:gau1, gwai1, gwan1
Jyutping:gau1, gwai1, gwan1
Japanese Kana:キ, キュー ki, kyū
かめ kame
Sino-Korean:귀, 구 gwi, gu
Names
Japanese name(s):亀 kame
Hangul:거북 geobuk
Stroke order animation

Radical 213 meaning "turtle" is one of only two of the 214 Kangxi radicals that are composed of 16 strokes.

In the Kangxi Dictionary there are only 24 characters (out of 40,000) to be found under this radical.

In Taoist cosmology, 龜 (Polyhedron) is the nature component of the Ba gua diagram 坎 Kǎn.

Characters with Radical 213

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strokes character
without additional strokes 龜 龟
5 additional strokes 龝
12 additional strokes 龞
21 additional strokes 𪛖
Main article: wikt:Wiktionary:Chinese radical index 龜

Variant characters

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There are a number of variant characters that appear different but mean the same thing:

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By typefont

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As a CJK Unified Ideograph, U+9F9C 龜 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F9C has seven separate reference glyphs shown in the Unicode code charts, no two of which are exactly identical:[1]

As such, appearance may subtly vary between fonts intended for different regions:

Region Mainland China (traditional) Hong Kong Taiwan Japan (kyūjitai) South Korea North Korea[a] Vietnam[a]
Preview with local font[b] 龜 龜 龜 龜 龜 龜 龜
Features of Unicode reference glyph[1][c]
Very top[1] Dot stroke ⺈ shape (like top of 鱼), crosses corner of box below ⺈ shape (like top of 鱼), does not cross corner of box below
Vertical strokes[1] From bottom of upper box to tail From top of upper box to bottom of turtleshell From top of upper box to between turtleshell and tail From top of upper box to tail From bottom of upper box to tail
Horizontal strokes[1] Legs and turtleshell entirely separate strokes Legs and turtleshell separate strokes but aligned Legs and turtleshell single strokes crossing verticals Legs and turtleshell separate strokes but aligned Legs and turtleshell single strokes crossing verticals Legs and turtleshell entirely separate strokes

In Unicode

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Due to an especially large number of variant forms associated with Radical 213, an exceptionally large number of Unicode characters exist displaying variants of the character itself, as opposed to derived characters.[2]

Kangxi Radicals / CJK Radicals Supplement

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Further information: Kangxi Radicals (Unicode block) and CJK Radicals Supplement
Character information
Preview ⻱ ⻲ ⻳ ⿔
Unicode name CJK RADICAL TURTLE CJK RADICAL J-SIMPLIFIED TURTLE CJK RADICAL C-SIMPLIFIED TURTLE KANGXI RADICAL TURTLE
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 12017 U+2EF1 12018 U+2EF2 12019 U+2EF3 12244 U+2FD4
UTF-8 226 187 177 E2 BB B1 226 187 178 E2 BB B2 226 187 179 E2 BB B3 226 191 148 E2 BF 94
Numeric character reference ⻱ ⻱ ⻲ ⻲ ⻳ ⻳ ⿔ ⿔
GB 18030 129 57 137 55 81 39 89 37 129 57 137 56 81 39 89 38 129 57 137 57 81 39 89 39 129 57 160 52 81 39 A0 34
EUC-TW[3][4][5][6] 142 168 244 214 8E A8 F4 D6 142 168 244 215 8E A8 F4 D7 142 168 244 216 8E A8 F4 D8 169 184 A9 B8

Unified Repertoire and Ordering (URO)

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Further information: CJK Unified Ideographs (Unicode block)
Character information
Preview 亀 龜 龟
Unicode name CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E80 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F9C CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F9F
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 20096 U+4E80 40860 U+9F9C 40863 U+9F9F
UTF-8 228 186 128 E4 BA 80 233 190 156 E9 BE 9C 233 190 159 E9 BE 9F
Numeric character reference 亀 亀 龜 龜 龟 龟
EUC-CN[7] 185 234 B9 EA
GBK / GB 18030 129 119 81 77 253 148 FD 94 185 234 B9 EA
EUC-KR[8] / UHC[9] 207 207 CF CF
Big5 (generic)[10] 192 116 C0 74
Big5-HKSCS[11] 137 208 89 D0 192 116 C0 74
EUC-TW[3][12] 142 163 185 236 8E A3 B9 EC 243 191 F3 BF 142 174 209 165 8E AE D1 A5
EUC-KPS-9566[13] 209 183 D1 B7
KPS 10721[14] 52 101 34 65 146 126 92 7E
Shift JIS[15] 139 84 8B 54 234 157 EA 9D
EUC-JP[16] 181 181 B5 B5 243 253 F3 FD
Moji Jōhō Kiban MJ006424 MJ030155[d]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

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Further information: CJK Compatibility Ideographs
Character information
Preview 龜 龜 龜
Unicode name CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F907 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F908 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FACE
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 63751 U+F907 63752 U+F908 64206 U+FACE
UTF-8 239 164 135 EF A4 87 239 164 136 EF A4 88 239 171 142 EF AB 8E
GB 18030 132 48 129 56 84 30 81 38 132 48 129 57 84 30 81 39 132 48 173 50 84 30 AD 32
Numeric character reference 龜 龜 龜 龜 龜 龜
EUC-KR[8] / UHC[9] 208 162 D0 A2 208 184 D0 B8
Big5-HKSCS[11] 139 248 8B F8
KPS 10721[14] 146 127 92 7F
EUC-TW[17] 142 167 172 186 8E A7 AC BA

Supplementary Ideographic Plane

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Further information: Supplementary Ideographic Plane and Variant Chinese character
Character information
Preview 𠁴 𠃾 𤕣 𥦣 𧑴
Unicode name CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-20074 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-200FE CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-24563 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-259A3 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-27474
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 131188 U+20074 131326 U+200FE 148835 U+24563 154019 U+259A3 160884 U+27474
UTF-8 240 160 129 180 F0 A0 81 B4 240 160 131 190 F0 A0 83 BE 240 164 149 163 F0 A4 95 A3 240 165 166 163 F0 A5 A6 A3 240 167 145 180 F0 A7 91 B4
UTF-16 55360 56436 D840 DC74 55360 56574 D840 DCFE 55377 56675 D851 DD63 55382 56739 D856 DDA3 55389 56436 D85D DC74
GB 18030 149 50 142 50 95 32 8E 32 149 50 156 48 95 32 9C 30 150 54 142 57 96 36 8E 39 151 48 157 51 97 30 9D 33 151 53 213 56 97 35 D5 38
Numeric character reference 𠁴 𠁴 𠃾 𠃾 𤕣 𤕣 𥦣 𥦣 𧑴 𧑴
EUC-TW[3] 142 166 198 191 8E A6 C6 BF 142 166 188 253 8E A6 BC FD 142 166 203 163 8E A6 CB A3 142 167 194 234 8E A7 C2 EA
KPS 10721[14] 86 137 56 89
Moji Jōhō Kiban MJ030364 MJ030438 MJ040283 MJ043469 MJ047883
Character information
Preview 𪚦 𪚧 𪚨 𪚴 𪚺 𪚾
Unicode name CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2A6A6 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2A6A7 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2A6A8 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2A6B4 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2A6BA CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2A6BE
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 173734 U+2A6A6 173735 U+2A6A7 173736 U+2A6A8 173748 U+2A6B4 173754 U+2A6BA 173758 U+2A6BE
UTF-8 240 170 154 166 F0 AA 9A A6 240 170 154 167 F0 AA 9A A7 240 170 154 168 F0 AA 9A A8 240 170 154 180 F0 AA 9A B4 240 170 154 186 F0 AA 9A BA 240 170 154 190 F0 AA 9A BE
UTF-16 55401 56998 D869 DEA6 55401 56999 D869 DEA7 55401 57000 D869 DEA8 55401 57012 D869 DEB4 55401 57018 D869 DEBA 55401 57022 D869 DEBE
GB 18030 152 53 238 56 98 35 EE 38 152 53 238 57 98 35 EE 39 152 53 239 48 98 35 EF 30 152 53 240 50 98 35 F0 32 152 53 240 56 98 35 F0 38 152 53 241 50 98 35 F1 32
Numeric character reference 𪚦 𪚦 𪚧 𪚧 𪚨 𪚨 𪚴 𪚴 𪚺 𪚺 𪚾 𪚾
EUC-TW[18][19][20][21][22] 142 167 182 242 8E A7 B6 F2 142 167 190 244 8E A7 BE F4 142 167 198 166 8E A7 C6 A6 142 175 231 190 8E AF E7 BE 142 165 235 234 8E A5 EB EA 142 167 205 185 8E A7 CD B9
Moji Jōhō Kiban MJ056778 MJ056779 MJ056780 MJ056795 MJ056799
Character information
Preview 𪚿 𪛃 𪛉 𬟏 𬹝 𬺞
Unicode name CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2A6BF CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2A6C3 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2A6C9 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2C7CF CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2CE5D CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2CE9E
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 173759 U+2A6BF 173763 U+2A6C3 173769 U+2A6C9 182223 U+2C7CF 183901 U+2CE5D 183966 U+2CE9E
UTF-8 240 170 154 191 F0 AA 9A BF 240 170 155 131 F0 AA 9B 83 240 170 155 137 F0 AA 9B 89 240 172 159 143 F0 AC 9F 8F 240 172 185 157 F0 AC B9 9D 240 172 186 158 F0 AC BA 9E
UTF-16 55401 57023 D869 DEBF 55401 57027 D869 DEC3 55401 57033 D869 DEC9 55409 57295 D871 DFCF 55411 56925 D873 DE5D 55411 56990 D873 DE9E
GB 18030 152 53 241 51 98 35 F1 33 152 53 241 55 98 35 F1 37 152 53 242 51 98 35 F2 33 153 50 205 55 99 32 CD 37 153 51 247 53 99 33 F7 35 153 51 254 48 99 33 FE 30
Numeric character reference 𪚿 𪚿 𪛃 𪛃 𪛉 𪛉 𬟏 𬟏 𬹝 𬹝 𬺞 𬺞
EUC-TW[23][24][25][26][27][28] 142 167 205 184 8E A7 CD B8 142 165 247 210 8E A5 F7 D2 142 175 169 166 8E AF A9 A6 142 173 180 251 8E AD B4 FB 142 172 195 165 8E AC C3 A5
Moji Jōhō Kiban MJ056800 MJ056804
Character information
Preview 𮒮 𮯛 𮯜 𮯝 𮯞 𮯟
Unicode name CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2E4AE CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2EBDB CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2EBDC CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2EBDD CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2EBDE CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2EBDF
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 189614 U+2E4AE 191451 U+2EBDB 191452 U+2EBDC 191453 U+2EBDD 191454 U+2EBDE 191455 U+2EBDF
UTF-8 240 174 146 174 F0 AE 92 AE 240 174 175 155 F0 AE AF 9B 240 174 175 156 F0 AE AF 9C 240 174 175 157 F0 AE AF 9D 240 174 175 158 F0 AE AF 9E 240 174 175 159 F0 AE AF 9F
UTF-16 55417 56494 D879 DCAE 55418 57307 D87A DFDB 55418 57308 D87A DFDC 55418 57309 D87A DFDD 55418 57310 D87A DFDE 55418 57311 D87A DFDF
GB 18030 153 56 188 56 99 38 BC 38 153 57 246 53 99 39 F6 35 153 57 246 54 99 39 F6 36 153 57 246 55 99 39 F6 37 153 57 246 56 99 39 F6 38 153 57 246 57 99 39 F6 39
Numeric character reference 𮒮 𮒮 𮯛 𮯛 𮯜 𮯜 𮯝 𮯝 𮯞 𮯞 𮯟 𮯟
Moji Jōhō Kiban MJ060379 MJ059291 MJ059290 MJ059289 MJ059287

Literature

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  • Fazzioli, Edoardo (1987). Chinese calligraphy : from pictograph to ideogram : the history of 214 essential Chinese/Japanese characters. calligraphy by Rebecca Hon Ko. New York: Abbeville Press. ISBN 0-89659-774-1.
  • Leyi Li: “Tracing the Roots of Chinese Characters: 500 Cases”. Beijing 1993, ISBN 978-7-5619-0204-2

Footnotes

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  1. ^ a b Unlikely to be displayed correctly.
  2. ^ Appearance may vary depending on fonts installed and configured on your system.
  3. ^ Does not necessarily match the system fonts used above.
  4. ^ Additional Moji Jōhō Kiban identifiers for Ideographic Variation Sequences:

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e "CJK Unified Ideographs" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 15.1. Unicode Consortium. 2023.
  2. ^ Lunde, Ken (2023-08-11). "The Road to 'Ideograph Hell'…". Medium.
  3. ^ a b c "euc-tw-2014.ucm - Update of EUC-TW based on IBM-964". ICU Data Repository. IBM / Unicode Consortium. 2014.
  4. ^ "[⻱] 8-7456". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  5. ^ "[⻲] 8-7457". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  6. ^ "[⻳] 8-7458". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  7. ^ "Map (external version) from Mac OS Chinese Simplified encoding to Unicode 3.0 and later". Apple, Inc.
  8. ^ a b Unicode Consortium; IBM. "IBM-970". International Components for Unicode.
  9. ^ a b Steele, Shawn (2000). "cp949 to Unicode table". Microsoft / Unicode Consortium.
  10. ^ "Big5:1984 vs Unicode mapping table". Mozilla Taiwan. 2002-02-24.
  11. ^ a b van Kesteren, Anne. "big5". Encoding Standard. WHATWG.
  12. ^ "[龟] 14-5125". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  13. ^ Unicode Consortium (2011-04-27). "KPS 9566-2003 to Unicode".
  14. ^ a b c Sim, CheonHyeong (2022-06-19). "KPS 10721:2000 (Unicode KP1源) 文件重构 (修订版)" (PDF) (in Simplified Chinese). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-09-27.
  15. ^ Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-03-08]. "Shift-JIS to Unicode".
  16. ^ Unicode Consortium; IBM. "EUC-JP-2007". International Components for Unicode.
  17. ^ "[龜] 7-2C3A". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  18. ^ "[𪚦] 7-3672". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  19. ^ "[𪚧] 7-3E74". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  20. ^ "[𪚨] 7-4626". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  21. ^ "[𪚴] 15-673E". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  22. ^ "[𪚺] 5-6B6A". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  23. ^ "[𪚾] 7-4D39". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  24. ^ "[𪚿] 7-4D38". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  25. ^ "[𪛃] 5-7752". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  26. ^ "[𪛉] 15-2926". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  27. ^ "[𬹝] 13-347B". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  28. ^ "[𬺞] 12-4325". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
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