Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly

Legislative Assembly
10th Assembly
Coat of Arms of Canberra
Legislative Assembly logo
Type
Type	Unicameral
History
Founded	11 May 1989 (11 May 1989)
Preceded by	House of Assembly
Leadership
Speaker	Joy Burch, Labor since 31 October 2016
Deputy Speaker	Mark Parton, Liberal since November 2020
Manager of Government Business	Mick Gentleman, Labor since February 2016
Government whip	Suzanne Orr, Labor
Chief Minister	Andrew Barr, Labor since 11 December 2014
Leader of the Opposition	Elizabeth Lee, Liberal since 27 October 2020
Structure
Seats	25
Political groups	Government (16)   Labor (10)   Greens (6) Opposition (9)   Liberal (9)
Length of term	4 years
Elections
Voting system	Hare–Clark electoral system
First election	4 March 1989
Last election	17 October 2020
Next election	19 October 2024
Meeting place
Legislative Assembly Building, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
Website
www.parliament.act.gov.au

Chamber of the ACT Legislative Assembly

The Legislative Assembly for the Australian Capital Territory (known in short as the ACT Legislative Assembly) is the unicameral legislature of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). It sits in the Legislative Assembly Building on Civic Square, close to the centre of the city of Canberra.

Unlike the legislatures of the other mainland states and territories, the Assembly also has the functions of a local council; the city of Canberra has no other local government. It replaced the House of Assembly when the ACT was granted self-government in 1986. Voters had previously rejected self government in a 1978 plebiscite..

Structure and Membership

See also: Electorates of the Australian Capital Territory

The Legislative Assembly has 25 members, elected from five electorates ― Brindabella, Ginninderra, Kurrajong, Murrumbidgee and Yerrabi ― each having five members. Members are elected for four-year terms by the Hare-Clark system, a variation of the Single Transferable Vote form of proportional representation.

Members of the Legislative Assembly vote to elect a Chief Minister. In practice, Chief Minister is the leader of whichever party is able to form government. The Chief Minister, in turn, selects ministers to form a cabinet. The leader of the second-largest party in the Assembly usually becomes the Leader of the Opposition.

Election dates for the Assembly are fixed in legislation, with elections held on the third Saturday in October every four years (until 1997, elections were held in February). The term of the Assembly was increased in 2004 from three to four years. The next election is due on Saturday the 19th of October, 2024.

Current Government

See also: Labor–Greens coalition

Electorates used for the 2020 election.

The current Chief Minister is Andrew Barr, who is also the Treasurer, Minister for Climate Action, Minister for Economic Development and Minister for Tourism. The position of Chief Minister is analogous to the Premier in the Australian states.

As of the 2020 Australian Capital Territory general election, the Legislative Assembly is made up of 10 Labor seats, 9 Liberal seats and 6 Greens seats.

Party	Seats held	Percentage	Seat distribution
Labor Party	10	40%
Liberal Party	9	36%
ACT Greens	6	24%

Electorate Seats held Brindabella           Ginninderra           Kurrajong           Murrumbidgee           Yerrabi

Labor   Liberal   Green

The ACT Greens has formed coalition governments with the ACT Labor Party since 2012, after supporting a minority Labor government in 2008. As of January 2024, this is the only Labor–Greens coalition state or territory government in Australia.

Salary

As of 2018 Members of the Legislative Assembly were paid a base salary of $164,382. Most members were entitled to an additional loading, up to a maximum of $345,202 for the chief minister.

History

Further information: Australian Capital Territory House of Assembly and Australian Capital Territory Advisory Council

The current Legislative Assembly was created by four acts of the Commonwealth Parliament in 1988, including the Australian Capital Territory (Self-Government) Act 1988. The first election was held on 4 March 1989 and the assembly first sat on 11 May that year. Until this point, the ACT had been directly administered by the Commonwealth Government. It replaced the House of Assembly (also known for a period as the Legislative Assembly), which existed from 1976 to 1986, but had no executive power, with a principal function of advising the Commonwealth on matters relating to the Territory.

Historical Composition

Further information: Members of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly

At its inception, the Assembly was elected by a modified d'Hondt system, but a 1992 referendum supported the Hare-Clark method, which was introduced for the 1995 election. As of this change, the Legislative Assembly had 17 members, elected from three electorates. Brindabella and Ginninderra elected five members, and the now-defunct electorate of Molonglo elected seven.

On 30 April 2002, the ACT Electoral Commission made a submission to the ACT Legislative Assembly's Standing Committee on Legal Affairs, which inquired into the appropriateness of the size of the Legislative Assembly for the ACT, and options for changing the number of members and electorates. The Electoral Commission recommended increasing "the size of the Legislative Assembly to three electorates each returning seven members, giving a total of 21 members".

In 2014, the Assembly voted to expand the number of members to the present 25, with the change taking effect at the 2016 election.

Powers

As with the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly, the ACT Legislative Assembly lacks the full powers of a state legislature. Section 122 of the Constitution of Australia provides that the Commonwealth Parliament "may make laws for the government of any territory" surrendered by any State to the Commonwealth. The Governor-General, on the advice of the Executive, previously had the power to override laws passed by the Assembly. Although this was rare in practice, the Civil Unions Act 2006, which allowed same-sex couples to enter into "civil unions" was overruled following concerns that the civil unions mimicked marriage. In July 2006, the Federal Government again threatened to overrule the ACT Stanhope Government's anti-terror legislation, which was not consistent with other state laws. In 2011 the Federal Parliament passed a private senator's bill which removed this power in respect to both the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory.

The ACT is unique among Australian states and self-governing territories, as it has no vice-regal post exercising authority as the representative of the monarch, such as a governor or an Administrator. The functions vested in a state Governor or territorial Administrator as nominal head of the Executive—commissioning government, proroguing parliament and enacting legislation—are exercised by the Assembly itself and by the Chief Minister. Instead of vice-regal or regal assent, a Bill passed by the ACT Legislative Assembly is enacted on "notification"—publication in the Government Gazette of a notice authorised by the Chief Minister. However, the Governor-General of Australia does have the power to dissolve the Assembly if it is "incapable of effectively performing its functions or is conducting its affairs in a grossly improper manner".

See also

• Government of the Australian Capital Territory
• 2020 Australian Capital Territory general election
• Human Rights Act 2004
• Members of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly
• Parliaments of the Australian states and territories
• Labor–Greens coalition

External links

• Legislative Assembly for the Australian Capital Territory