1964 United States presidential election in Alabama
 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 County Results
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.jpg)
| Elections in Alabama |
|---|
 |
 Government |
The 1964 United States presidential election in Alabama was held on November 3, 1964. Alabama voters chose ten representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice-president. In Alabama, voters voted for electors individually instead of as a slate, as in the other states.
Background
[edit]Alabama was central to the Civil rights movement in the 1960s.[1] Governor George Wallace condemned and refused to comply with the Civil Rights Act of 1964.[2]
Campaign
[edit]The primary chose a set of unpledged Democratic electors.[3] by a margin of five-to-one,[4] Under Wallace's guidance, the Alabama Democratic Party placed this slate of unpledged Democratic electors on the ballot,[5][6] against the advice of some legal scholars,[7] but after planning to run for president himself (as he would do in 1968), decided against this in July. Johnson was the third winning president-elect to not appear on the ballot in Alabama, after Abraham Lincoln in 1860 and Harry S. Truman in 1948.
Initially, it was expected that this slate – the only option for mainstream Democrats in Alabama – would be pledged to Wallace himself, but he released them from pledges to vote for him if elected.[8] Once campaigning began, Wallace supported Republican nominee Barry Goldwater over the unpledged slate,[9] although he did campaign for Democratic candidates for state and local offices.[10]
Goldwater received 77% of the white vote.[11]
As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last time that Sumter County, Greene County, Wilcox County, Lowndes County and Bullock County voted for a Republican candidate, as well as the last time that Macon County did not vote for the national Democratic candidate.[12]
Predictions
[edit]| Source | Rating | As of |
|---|---|---|
| The Boston Globe[13] | Safe R (Flip) | August 2, 1964 |
| The Wall Street Journal[14] | Certain R (Flip) | September 29, 1964 |
| The Christian Science Monitor[15] | Likely R (Flip) | October 27, 1964 |
| The Chicago Tribune[16] | Safe R (Flip) | October 29, 1964 |
| Los Angeles Times[17] | Safe R (Flip) | November 1, 1964 |
Results
[edit]| Party | Pledged to | Elector | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican Party | Barry Goldwater | Tom Abernethy | 479,085 | |
| Republican Party | Barry Goldwater | Tammy Thomas | 479,071 | |
| Republican Party | Barry Goldwater | Alfred Staples | 478,925 | |
| Republican Party | Barry Goldwater | Tandy Little Jr. | 478,540 | |
| Republican Party | Barry Goldwater | Wiley Deal | 478,398 | |
| Republican Party | Barry Goldwater | Herbert Stockham | 477,969 | |
| Republican Party | Barry Goldwater | Gordon Lawless | 477,582 | |
| Republican Party | Barry Goldwater | Smith Lanier, II | 477,339 | |
| Republican Party | Barry Goldwater | John E. Grenier | 477,272 | |
| Republican Party | Barry Goldwater | Basil Horsfield | 476,994 | |
| Democratic Party | Unpledged | James B. Allen | 210,732 | |
| Democratic Party | Unpledged | MacDonald Gallion | 209,848 | |
| Democratic Party | Unpledged | Edmund Blair | 209,062 | |
| Democratic Party | Unpledged | Albert P. Brewer | 208,059 | |
| Democratic Party | Unpledged | Pete Mathews | 207,730 | |
| Democratic Party | Unpledged | Art Hanes | 207,594 | |
| Democratic Party | Unpledged | Albert H. Evans Jr. | 207,577 | |
| Democratic Party | Unpledged | Frank Mizell | 207,357 | |
| Democratic Party | Unpledged | Jack Giles | 207,144 | |
| Democratic Party | Unpledged | I. J. "Jud" Scott | 206,618 | |
| Total votes | 689,817 | |||
Results by county
[edit]| County | Barry Goldwater Republican |
Unpledged electors Democratic |
Margin | Total votes cast | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | % | # | % | # | % | ||
| Autauga | 2,969 | 85.83% | 490 | 14.17% | 2,479 | 71.66% | 3,459 |
| Baldwin | 10,870 | 81.12% | 2,530 | 18.88% | 8,340 | 62.24% | 13,400 |
| Barbour | 3,853 | 79.76% | 978 | 20.24% | 2,875 | 59.52% | 4,831 |
| Bibb | 2,623 | 83.94% | 502 | 16.06% | 2,121 | 67.88% | 3,125 |
| Blount | 4,442 | 64.67% | 2,427 | 35.33% | 2,015 | 29.34% | 6,869 |
| Bullock | 1,516 | 57.64% | 1,114 | 42.36% | 402 | 15.28% | 2,630 |
| Butler | 4,002 | 80.44% | 973 | 19.56% | 3,029 | 60.88% | 4,975 |
| Calhoun | 10,635 | 63.13% | 6,210 | 36.87% | 4,425 | 26.26% | 16,845 |
| Chambers | 4,630 | 64.42% | 2,557 | 35.58% | 2,073 | 28.84% | 7,187 |
| Cherokee | 1,893 | 49.70% | 1,916 | 50.30% | -23 | -0.60% | 3,809 |
| Chilton | 5,202 | 75.97% | 1,645 | 24.03% | 3,557 | 51.94% | 6,847 |
| Choctaw | 2,497 | 85.81% | 413 | 14.19% | 2,084 | 71.62% | 2,910 |
| Clarke | 4,460 | 82.84% | 924 | 17.16% | 3,536 | 65.68% | 5,384 |
| Clay | 2,815 | 70.13% | 1,199 | 29.87% | 1,616 | 40.26% | 4,014 |
| Cleburne | 2,156 | 76.24% | 672 | 23.76% | 1,484 | 52.48% | 2,828 |
| Coffee | 4,910 | 80.19% | 1,213 | 19.81% | 3,697 | 60.38% | 6,123 |
| Colbert | 5,267 | 48.59% | 5,573 | 51.41% | -306 | -2.82% | 10,840 |
| Conecuh | 2,782 | 81.32% | 639 | 18.68% | 2,143 | 62.64% | 3,421 |
| Coosa | 1,978 | 72.77% | 740 | 27.23% | 1,238 | 45.54% | 2,718 |
| Covington | 7,554 | 82.33% | 1,621 | 17.67% | 5,933 | 64.66% | 9,175 |
| Crenshaw | 3,008 | 78.66% | 816 | 21.34% | 2,192 | 57.32% | 3,824 |
| Cullman | 7,152 | 58.33% | 5,110 | 41.67% | 2,042 | 16.66% | 12,262 |
| Dale | 4,970 | 83.77% | 963 | 16.23% | 4,007 | 67.54% | 5,933 |
| Dallas | 5,888 | 89.12% | 719 | 10.88% | 5,169 | 78.24% | 6,607 |
| DeKalb | 6,746 | 57.69% | 4,948 | 42.31% | 1,798 | 15.38% | 11,694 |
| Elmore | 6,363 | 83.77% | 1,233 | 16.23% | 5,130 | 67.54% | 7,596 |
| Escambia | 5,623 | 74.47% | 1,928 | 25.53% | 3,695 | 48.94% | 7,551 |
| Etowah | 12,894 | 59.06% | 8,939 | 40.94% | 3,955 | 18.12% | 21,833 |
| Fayette | 3,203 | 71.34% | 1,287 | 28.66% | 1,916 | 42.68% | 4,490 |
| Franklin | 4,025 | 56.41% | 3,110 | 43.59% | 915 | 12.82% | 7,135 |
| Geneva | 4,502 | 80.74% | 1,074 | 19.26% | 3,428 | 61.48% | 5,576 |
| Greene | 1,124 | 65.69% | 587 | 34.31% | 537 | 31.38% | 1,711 |
| Hale | 1,898 | 77.60% | 548 | 22.40% | 1,350 | 55.20% | 2,446 |
| Henry | 2,896 | 83.10% | 589 | 16.90% | 2,307 | 66.20% | 3,485 |
| Houston | 10,353 | 87.93% | 1,421 | 12.07% | 8,932 | 75.86% | 11,774 |
| Jackson | 2,730 | 46.47% | 3,145 | 53.53% | -415 | -7.06% | 5,875 |
| Jefferson | 100,756 | 72.57% | 38,082 | 27.43% | 62,674 | 45.14% | 138,838 |
| Lamar | 2,734 | 72.42% | 1,041 | 27.58% | 1,693 | 44.84% | 3,775 |
| Lauderdale | 5,978 | 47.55% | 6,593 | 52.45% | -615 | -4.90% | 12,571 |
| Lawrence | 1,809 | 50.00% | 1,808 | 49.97% | 1 | 0.03% | 3,617 |
| Lee | 5,914 | 78.69% | 1,602 | 21.31% | 4,312 | 57.38% | 7,516 |
| Limestone | 2,377 | 43.99% | 3,027 | 56.01% | -650 | -12.02% | 5,404 |
| Lowndes | 1,548 | 83.32% | 310 | 16.68% | 1,238 | 66.64% | 1,858 |
| Macon | 1,858 | 38.46% | 2,973 | 61.54% | -1,115 | -23.08% | 4,831 |
| Madison | 14,279 | 51.93% | 13,217 | 48.07% | 1,062 | 3.86% | 27,496 |
| Marengo | 3,677 | 82.33% | 789 | 17.67% | 2,888 | 64.66% | 4,466 |
| Marion | 3,966 | 69.42% | 1,747 | 30.58% | 2,219 | 38.84% | 5,713 |
| Marshall | 5,712 | 56.33% | 4,428 | 43.67% | 1,284 | 12.66% | 10,140 |
| Mobile | 49,493 | 70.72% | 20,488 | 29.28% | 29,005 | 41.44% | 69,981 |
| Monroe | 3,870 | 81.37% | 886 | 18.63% | 2,984 | 62.74% | 4,756 |
| Montgomery | 23,015 | 75.47% | 7,482 | 24.53% | 15,533 | 50.94% | 30,497 |
| Morgan | 7,013 | 56.64% | 5,368 | 43.36% | 1,645 | 13.28% | 12,381 |
| Perry | 2,046 | 79.73% | 520 | 20.27% | 1,526 | 59.46% | 2,566 |
| Pickens | 3,416 | 82.08% | 746 | 17.92% | 2,670 | 64.16% | 4,162 |
| Pike | 4,373 | 84.49% | 803 | 15.51% | 3,570 | 68.98% | 5,176 |
| Randolph | 3,127 | 62.65% | 1,864 | 37.35% | 1,263 | 25.30% | 4,991 |
| Russell | 4,877 | 76.04% | 1,537 | 23.96% | 3,340 | 52.08% | 6,414 |
| St. Clair | 4,813 | 70.76% | 1,989 | 29.24% | 2,824 | 41.52% | 6,802 |
| Shelby | 6,037 | 75.65% | 1,943 | 24.35% | 4,094 | 51.30% | 7,980 |
| Sumter | 1,653 | 80.32% | 405 | 19.68% | 1,248 | 60.64% | 2,058 |
| Talladega | 8,946 | 70.67% | 3,712 | 29.33% | 5,234 | 41.34% | 12,658 |
| Tallapoosa | 5,530 | 76.14% | 1,733 | 23.86% | 3,797 | 52.28% | 7,263 |
| Tuscaloosa | 13,227 | 68.67% | 6,036 | 31.33% | 7,191 | 37.34% | 19,263 |
| Walker | 8,582 | 58.41% | 6,110 | 41.59% | 2,472 | 16.82% | 14,692 |
| Washington | 2,803 | 70.18% | 1,191 | 29.82% | 1,612 | 40.36% | 3,994 |
| Wilcox | 1,789 | 91.93% | 157 | 8.07% | 1,632 | 83.86% | 1,946 |
| Winston | 3,438 | 71.19% | 1,391 | 28.81% | 2,047 | 42.38% | 4,829 |
| Totals | 479,085 | 69.45% | 210,732 | 30.55% | 268,353 | 38.90% | 689,817 |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Bullock, Charles S.; Gaddie, Ronald Keith. The Triumph of Voting Rights in the South. pp. 41–42. ISBN 0806185309.
- ^ Frederick, Jeff. Stand Up for Alabama: Governor George Wallace. pp. 96–99. ISBN 0817315748.
- ^ CQ Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report (Report). Vol. 25. Congressional Quarterly, Incorporated. 1967. p. 1121.
- ^ McDannald, Alexander Hopkins (1965). Yearbook of the Encyclopedia Americana (Report). p. 63.
- ^ "Alabama Expected To Choose Electors Backed by Wallace". The New York Times. May 3, 1964. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 9, 2017.
- ^ Denton, Herbert H. (October 21, 1964). "Flowers Attacks Wallace Democrats". The Harvard Crimson. Retrieved December 9, 2017.
- ^ "Unpledged Votes Are Held Illegal". The New York Times. June 14, 1964. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 9, 2017.
- ^ Carlson, Jody. George C. Wallace and the Politics of Powerlessness: The Wallace Campaigns for the Presidency, 1964-76. p. 41. ISBN 1412824494..
- ^ Grimes, Roy (October 11, 1964). "Look Away, Look Away...". The Victoria Advocate. p. 4A.
- ^ Cleghorn, Reece (December 3, 1964). "Aftermath in Alabama". The Reporter. Olympia, Washington: 34.
- ^ Black & Black 1992, p. 155.
- ^ Sullivan, Robert David; ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’; America Magazine in The National Catholic Review; June 29, 2016
- ^ Roberts, Chalmers (August 2, 1964). "Goldwater Splits The South: Civil Rights Act Already Has Cost LBJ at Least Four States". The Boston Globe. p. A-3.
- ^ Sullivan, Joseph W. (September 19, 1964). "The GOP in Dixie: Civil Rights Stand Gives Goldwater a Wide Lead In Most of the South Survey Finds Senator Ahead Everywhere but in Texas; Other Republicans Benefit But Margin Has Narrowed". The Wall Street Journal. p. 1.
- ^ Eubanks, Bicknell (October 27, 1964). "Republicans Battle in Dixie: Likely Breakthrough". The Christian Science Monitor. p. 4.
- ^ Manly, Chely (October 29, 1964). "Johnson Gains in South but Dixie Is Still Strong for Barry: Goldwater Keeps Loyal Army of Backers". The Chicago Tribune. p. 5.
- ^ Kraslow, David (November 1, 1964). "How South Will Vote Remains Big Question: Goldwater "Fairly Safe" in Three States, Johnson in One, Rest Considered Toss-ups". Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, California. p. (17.
- ^ Alabama Official and Statistical Register, 1967. Montgomery, Alabama: Skinner Printing Company. pp. 540–545.
- ^ "Election Statistics, 1920 to Present". Office of the Clerk of the United States House of Representatives. Retrieved April 7, 2021.
- ^ "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections – Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved April 8, 2021.
Works cited
[edit]- Black, Earl; Black, Merle (1992). The Vital South: How Presidents Are Elected. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0674941306.
