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List of invasive species in Florida

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The Burmese python is considered an invasive species in Florida

Invasive species in Florida are introduced organisms that cause damage to the environment, human economy, or human health in Florida.[1] Native plants and animals in Florida are threatened by the spread of invasive species.[2] Florida is a major biodiversity hotspot in North America and the hospitable sub-tropical climate has also become a hotspot for invasive plants and animals due to anthropogenic introduction.[3][4]

Animals

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Mammals

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Birds

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Reptiles

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Amphibians

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Fish

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Invertebrates

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Plants

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The non-governmental organization FISC published the following list of invasive plant species in 2023.[133] Formerly known as Florida Exotic Plant Pest Council (FLEPPC), the council changed its name to Florida Invasive Species Council (FISC) to retire outdated terminology.[134][135]

Three species have been added to Category I since 2019, and Category II now includes four additional species.[136][137][138] The watch list from FISC highlights species of concern which are not yet included in the Category I or II lists.[139]

The FISC list is a recommendation for natural resource managers, environmental education, and volunteer removal, but is not regulatory by law.[135] State regulated plant species are listed in the State of Florida Noxious Weed List, and the State of Florida Prohibited Aquatic Plants List.[140] Many of the non-native plant species documented in Florida are assessed for invasive potential by UF/IFAS.[141]

FISC describes Category I species as plants which displace native species, disrupt ecological functions, or hybridize with native species.[142] Category II species have not yet altered Florida plant communities to the extent shown by Category I species, but may be assigned to Category I if enough negative impact is reported.[142]

Category I

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Category 2

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*Species added in 2023

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Florida's Exotic Fish and Wildlife". Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
  2. ^ Lieurance, Deah; Canavan, Susan; Behringer, Donald C.; Kendig, Amy E.; Minteer, Carey R.; Reisinger, Lindsey S.; Romagosa, Christina M.; Flory, S. Luke; Lockwood, Julie L.; Anderson, Patti J.; Baker, Shirley M.; Bojko, Jamie; Bowers, Kristen E.; Canavan, Kim; Carruthers, Kelly (December 2023). "Identifying invasive species threats, pathways, and impacts to improve biosecurity". Ecosphere. 14 (12). doi:10.1002/ecs2.4711. ISSN 2150-8925.
  3. ^ Dawson, Wayne; Moser, Dietmar; van Kleunen, Mark; Kreft, Holger; Pergl, Jan; Pyšek, Petr; Weigelt, Patrick; Winter, Marten; Lenzner, Bernd; Blackburn, Tim M.; Dyer, Ellie E.; Cassey, Phillip; Scrivens, Sally L.; Economo, Evan P.; Guénard, Benoit (12 June 2017). "Global hotspots and correlates of alien species richness across taxonomic groups". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 1 (7): 1–7. doi:10.1038/s41559-017-0186. hdl:10256/14947. ISSN 2397-334X.
  4. ^ Kotala, Zenaida (26 February 2016). "Florida Declared a Global Biodiversity Hotspot". University of Central Florida News | UCF Today. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
  5. ^ "Axis axis (Indian spotted deer)". www.cabi.org.
  6. ^ "Gambian Pouched Rat Flyer FWC" (PDF).
  7. ^ "WEC446/UW491: Nonnative Monkey Populations of Florida: History, Status, and Potential Impacts". Ask IFAS - Powered by EDIS. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  8. ^ "vervet monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  9. ^ Ober, Holly K.; DeGroote, Lucas W.; Mizell, Russell F. (2 November 2017). "Baiting the Nine-Banded Armadillo". UF/IFAS Extension. University of Florida. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
  10. ^ Taulman, J F; Robbins, L W (1996). "Recent range expansion and distributional limits of the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) in the United States". Journal of Biogeography. 23 (5): 635–648. Bibcode:1996JBiog..23..635T. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.1996.tb00024.x.
  11. ^ "Domestic Cats Whitepaper" (PDF).
  12. ^ Parker, Brandon; Anderson, C. Jane; Romagosa, Christina M.; Wisely, Samantha M.; Pearson, Daniel; Seyjagat, John; Sayler, Katherine Ashley (22 January 2018). "Status of Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris Rodentia: Hydrochaeridae) and Potential for Establishment in Florida: WEC393/UW438, 12/2017". EDIS. 2018 (1): 5–5. doi:10.32473/edis-uw438-2017. ISSN 2576-0009.
  13. ^ "rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  14. ^ "Rhesus Macaque". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
  15. ^ "Land Mammals - House Mouse". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
  16. ^ Griffo, James V. (1957). "The Status of the Nutria in Florida". Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences. 20 (3): 209–215. ISSN 0015-3850.
  17. ^ "Rattus norvegicus (brown rat)". www.cabi.org.
  18. ^ "Rattus rattus (black rat)". Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  19. ^ Tilmant, James T. (September 1980). Investigations of Rodent Damage to the Thatch Palms Thrinax morrisii and Thrinax radiata on Elliott Key, Biscayne National Park, Florida (PDF). Everglades National Park, South Florida Research Center (Technical report). National Park Service. M-589.
  20. ^ Palmer, Geoffrey H.; Koprowski, John L.; Pernas, Anthony J. (February 2014). "Distribution and spread of an introduced insular population of red-bellied squirrels (Sciurus aureogaster) in Florida". Mammalia. 78 (1): 67–73. doi:10.1515/mammalia-2012-0141. S2CID 53685731. Retrieved 2 December 2022.
  21. ^ "Wild Hog". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
  22. ^ "Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)" (PDF). Florida State Parks. Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
  23. ^ "Vulpes vulpes (red fox)". www.cabi.org.
  24. ^ Davis, Jim (28 December 2022). "Wildlife & Invasive Species Education™ (WISE) Species Profile: The Egyptian Goose". UF/IFAS Extension Sumter County. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  25. ^ "cairina moschata (muscovy duck)". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
  26. ^ "rock pigeon (Columba livia) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  27. ^ "Columba livia (pigeons)". www.cabi.org.
  28. ^ "Passer domesticus (house sparrow)". www.cabi.org.
  29. ^ "Pavo cristatas (Peacock)". sciencing.com.
  30. ^ "Pycnonotus jocosus (Red-whiskered bulbul)". www.cabi.org.
  31. ^ "Eurasian Collared-Dove | Audubon Field Guide". www.audubon.org. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
  32. ^ Tracey, John; Gehrke, Brandon (2022). "Sturnus vulgaris (common starling)". CABI Compendium. CABI Compendium: 51979. doi:10.1079/cabicompendium.51979. S2CID 253611022.
  33. ^ "Sturnus Vulgaris (European starling)". www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/European_starling/overview.
  34. ^ "Peter's rock agama (Agama picticauda) - EDDMapS State Distribution". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
  35. ^ "Leaping lizards! Does South Florida have an influx of new species?". news.miami.edu. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  36. ^ "knight anole (Anolis equestris) - EDDMapS State Distribution". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  37. ^ Camposano, Brian J.; Krysko, Kenneth L.; Enge, Kevin M.; Donlan, Ellen M.; Granatosky, Michael (1 December 2008). "The Knight Anole (Anolis equestris) in Florida". Iguana. 15 (4): 212–219. ISSN 2330-3948.
  38. ^ "Brown anole". www.tsusinvasives.org. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
  39. ^ "Boa constrictor imperator". Global Invasive Species Database.
  40. ^ "Boa constrictor (common boa)". www.nationalgeographic.com/animal/reptile/fact/boa-constrictor. 10 September 2010. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021.
  41. ^ "Range of American crocodiles and caimans in Florida".
  42. ^ "(PDF) Adverse Encounters With Alligators in the United States/ An Update".
  43. ^ "veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) - EDDMapS State Distribution". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  44. ^ "WEC456/UW501: Florida's Introduced Reptiles: Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus), Oustalet's Chameleon (Furcifer oustaleti), and Panther Chameleon (Furcifer pardalis)". Ask IFAS - Powered by EDIS. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  45. ^ "Ctenosaura similis (black spiny-tailed iguana)". www.cabi.org.
  46. ^ "Hemidactylus frenatus (common house gecko)". www.cabi.org.
  47. ^ "Focal Species: Mediterranean Gecko" (PDF). ufl.edu. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  48. ^ Krysko, Kenneth L; Enge, Kevin M; Donlan, Ellen M; Seitz, Jason C (2007), "Distribution, Natural History, and Impacts of the Introduced Green Iguana in Florida", Iguana: Conservation, Natural History, and Husbandry of Reptiles, International Reptile Conservation Foundation, 14 (3): 142–151
  49. ^ Reptiles. Burmese python myfwc.com [dead link]
  50. ^ "Northern African Python". Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
  51. ^ "Python sebae (African rock python)". www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/florida-snake-id/snake/african-rock-python/. 17 August 2020.
  52. ^ "WEC295/UW340: Florida Invader: Tegu Lizard".
  53. ^ "Trachemys scripta elegans (red-eared slider)". www.cabi.org.
  54. ^ "Nile monitor (Varanus niloticus) - EDDMapS State Distribution". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  55. ^ "Welcome to Cape Coral, FL". www.capecoral.gov. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
  56. ^ "Eleutherodactylus coqui (Caribbean tree frog)". www.cabi.org.
  57. ^ "Greenhouse Frog (Eleutherodactylus planirostris)". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
  58. ^ "WEC320/UW365: The Invasion of Exotic Reptiles and Amphibians in Florida".
  59. ^ IFAS Extension [dead link]
  60. ^ "Acanthogobius flavimanus". www.cabi.org.
  61. ^ "Astronotus ocellatus (oscar)". www.cabi.org.
  62. ^ "Pike Killifish (Belonesox belizanus) - Species Profile". nas.er.usgs.gov.
  63. ^ "Channa argus argus (northern snakehead)". www.cabi.org.
  64. ^ "Bullseye Snakehead". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
  65. ^ "Clown Knifefish". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
  66. ^ "butterfly peacock bass (Cichla ocellaris) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  67. ^ https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Ecological-Risk-Screening-Summary-Butterfly-Peacock-Bass.pdf
  68. ^ "black acara (Cichlasoma bimaculatum) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  69. ^ "Black Acara". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
  70. ^ "Mayan cichlid (Cichlasoma urophthalma) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  71. ^ "Cichlasoma urophthalmum (Mayan cichlid)". www.cabi.org.
  72. ^ "walking catfish (Clarias batrachus) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  73. ^ "Clarias batrachus (walking catfish)". www.cabi.org.
  74. ^ "Cyprinus carpio". Global Invasive Species Database.
  75. ^ "Cyprinus carpio". www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/aquatic/fish-and-other-vertebrates/asian-carp.
  76. ^ "Hemichromis letourneuxi (African jewelfish)". www.cabi.org.
  77. ^ "African jewelfish (Hemichromis letourneuxi) - EDDMapS State Distribution". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
  78. ^ "Monopterus albus (Asian swamp eel)". www.cabi.org.
  79. ^ "Blue Tilapia". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
  80. ^ "Tilapia mariae (spotted tilapia)". www.cabi.org.
  81. ^ O'Connor, Rick (23 February 2018). "How is the Lionfish Program Going?". UF/IFAS Extension Escambia County. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  82. ^ "lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles) - Species Profile". nas.er.usgs.gov.
  83. ^ "Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito) _ CABI Compendium".
  84. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/3459
  85. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/121715
  86. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/5668
  87. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/6221
  88. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/6362
  89. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/18756
  90. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109209
  91. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/10680
  92. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/16743
  93. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/57239
  94. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/15284
  95. ^ a b c d "Chouvenc, Thomas, Rudolf H. Scheffrahn, and Lyle Buss. "Termite Species Distribution in Florida and UF Termite Identification Services: ENY-2079/IN1360, 05/2022." EDIS 2022.3 (2022)". Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  96. ^ "freshwater golden clam (Corbicula fluminea) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  97. ^ "basket clam (Corbicula fluminea) - Species Profile". USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  98. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108329
  99. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/16441
  100. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/86848
  101. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/19035
  102. ^ http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/MISC/BEES/green_orchid_bee.htm
  103. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/25242 Glycaspis brimblecombei
  104. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/26515
  105. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/110614
  106. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/28432
  107. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108923
  108. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/30839
  109. ^ http://www.nyis.info/index.php?action=invasive_detail&id=66 New York Invasive Species Information – New York State's gateway to science-based invasive species information
  110. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/40171
  111. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/32526
  112. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/75617
  113. ^ http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1653/0015-4040(2008)091%5B0001%3APBLIFB%5D2.0.CO%3B2 Potential Biodiversity Loss in Florida Bromeliad Phytotelmata due to Metamasius callizona (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), an Invasive Species
  114. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/37683
  115. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/45386
  116. ^ https://www.invasive.org/gist/products/gallery/parlo1.html TNC Global Invasive Species Team page
  117. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/40133
  118. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109097
  119. ^ https://www.wptv.com/news/region-c-palm-beach-county/loxahatchee-acreage/toxic-new-guinea-flatworm-surfaces-in-south-florida Invasive New Guinea flatworm surfaces in PBC
  120. ^ https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?SpeciesID=2633
  121. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108975
  122. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/46792
  123. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/50569
  124. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/54310
  125. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/34581
  126. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109218
  127. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/56704
  128. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/44619
  129. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/57038
  130. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/57234
  131. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/57235
  132. ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/120728
  133. ^ "2023-FiSC-Plant-List-Brochure-11-27-23".
  134. ^ Iannone, Basil; Carnevale, Shannon; Main, Martin; Hill, Jeff; McConnell, Julie; Johnson, Steven; Enloe, Stephen; Andreu, Michael; Bell, Emily; Cuda, James; Baker, Shirley (1 June 2020). "Invasive Species Terminology: Standardizing for Stakeholder Education". The Journal of Extension. 58 (3). doi:10.34068/joe.58.03.27. ISSN 1077-5315.
  135. ^ a b "Florida Invasive Species Council".
  136. ^ "List of invasive plant species" (PDF). Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. 2013.
  137. ^ "2019 Plant list" (PDF). bugwoodcloud.org. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  138. ^ https://www.floridainvasives.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/2023-FISC-Plant-List-11-27-23.xlsx
  139. ^ "2023 FISC Watch List - Florida Invasive Species Partnership". 15 April 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  140. ^ https://bugwoodcloud.org/CDN/fleppc/plantlists/ProperUses2.pdf
  141. ^ "Assessments - UF/IFAS Assessment - University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Science".
  142. ^ a b "Plant List - Florida Invasive Species Partnership".
  143. ^ Evans, Jason M. (2013). "Pistia stratiotes L. in the Florida Peninsula: Biogeographic Evidence and Conservation Implications of Native Tenure for an ′Invasive′ Aquatic Plant". Conservation and Society. 11 (3): 233. doi:10.4103/0972-4923.121026. ISSN 0972-4923.
  144. ^ "Invasive Species: Aquatic Species - Water Lettuce (Pistia stratiotes)". National Invasive Species Information Center. National Agricultural Library, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
  145. ^ "Pinellas Chapter FNPS -- Florida Native Plant Society".
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