Jump to content

Darren Aronofsky

This is a good article. Click here for more information.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Darren Aranofsky)

Darren Aronofsky
Laughing Darren Aronofsky at the Odesa International Film Festival
Aronofsky in 2015
Born (1969-02-12) February 12, 1969 (age 55)
New York City, U.S.
Citizenship
  • United States
  • Poland (from 2024)
Education
Occupations
  • Film director
  • screenwriter
  • producer
PartnerRachel Weisz (2001–2010)
Children1

Darren Aronofsky (born February 12, 1969) is an American filmmaker. His films are noted for their surreal, melodramatic, and often disturbing elements, frequently in the form of psychological fiction.

Aronofsky studied film and social anthropology at Harvard University before studying directing at the AFI Conservatory. He won several film awards after completing his senior thesis film, Supermarket Sweep, which became a National Student Academy Award finalist. In 1997, he founded the film and TV production company Protozoa Pictures. His feature film debut, the surrealist psychological thriller Pi (1998), was produced for $60,000 and grossed over $3 million; it won Aronofsky the Directing Award at the Sundance Film Festival and an Independent Spirit Award for Best First Screenplay. Aronofsky's follow-up, the psychological drama Requiem for a Dream (2000), received favorable reviews and an Academy Award nomination for Ellen Burstyn's performance.

After writing the World War II horror film Below (2002), Aronofsky released his third film, the romantic fantasy sci-fi drama The Fountain (2006). It received mixed reviews and performed poorly at the box office, but has since garnered a cult following. His fourth film, the sports drama The Wrestler (2008), was released to critical acclaim. Aronofsky won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival, and the film's lead actors, Mickey Rourke and Marisa Tomei, received Academy Award nominations. His next film, the psychological horror Black Swan (2010), received further acclaim and many accolades, with five Academy Award nominations including Best Picture and Best Director, and a Best Actress win for Natalie Portman. His sixth feature film, the biblically inspired epic Noah (2014), became his first film to open at No. 1 at the box office despite its mixed reception from critics and audiences. His seventh and eighth films, Mother! (2017) and The Whale (2022), sparked controversy and received both widespread praise and criticism. Aronofsky's film titled Postcard from Earth (2023), was produced and filmed exclusively for the Sphere in the Las Vegas Valley on its 16K resolution screen.

Early life

[edit]

Aronofsky was born in the Brooklyn borough of New York, United States, on February 12, 1969,[1] the son of teachers Charlotte and Abraham Aronofsky, both of Polish-Jewish descent.[1][2] He grew up in Brooklyn's Manhattan Beach neighborhood.[3][4] He said he was "raised culturally Jewish, but there was very little spiritual attendance in the temple. It was a cultural thing—celebrating the holidays, knowing where you came from, knowing your history, having respect for what your people have been through."[3][5] He graduated from Edward R. Murrow High School.[6] He has one sister, Patti, who attended a professional ballet school through high school.[7] His parents would often take him to Broadway performances, which sparked his interest in show business.[8][9]

During his youth, Aronofsky trained as a field biologist with The School for Field Studies in Kenya in 1985 and Alaska in 1986.[10] He attended school in Kenya to pursue an interest in learning about ungulates.[10] He later said that the School for Field Studies "changed the way [he] perceived the world".[10] Aronofsky's interest in the outdoors led him to backpack his way through Europe and the Middle East. At the age of 18, he entered Harvard University, where he majored in social anthropology and studied filmmaking; he graduated in 1991.[11] He became seriously interested in film while attending Harvard after befriending Dan Schrecker, an aspiring animator,[12] and Sean Gullette, who would go on to star in Aronofsky's first film, Pi.[13] His cinematic influences included Akira Kurosawa,[14] Roman Polanski,[15] Federico Fellini, Terry Gilliam,[15] Shinya Tsukamoto,[15] Hubert Selby Jr.[15] Spike Lee,[16] Satoshi Kon,[17] and Jim Jarmusch.[16]

Aronofsky's senior thesis film, Supermarket Sweep, was a finalist in the 1991 Student Academy Awards.[18] In 1992, Aronofsky received his MFA degree in directing from the AFI Conservatory,[19] where his classmates included Todd Field, Doug Ellin, Scott Silver, and Mark Waters.[20][21] He won the institute's Franklin J. Schaffner Alumni Medal.[22]

Career

[edit]

Early work

[edit]

Aronofsky's debut feature, titled Pi—sometimes stylized as π—was shot in October 1997. The film was financed in part from $100 donations from his friends and family.[23] In return, he promised to pay each back $150 if the film made money, and they would at least get screen credit if the film lost money.[8] Producing the film with an initial budget of $60,000, Aronofsky premiered Pi at the 1998 Sundance Film Festival, where he won the Best Director award. The film itself was nominated for a special Jury Award.[24] Artisan Entertainment bought distribution rights for $1 million.[8] The film was released to the public later that year to critical acclaim and it grossed a total of $3,221,152 at the box-office.[25][26] Pi was the first film to be made available for download on the Internet.[27]

Aronofsky followed his debut with Requiem for a Dream, a film based on Hubert Selby Jr.'s novel of the same name. He was paid $50,000, and worked for three years with nearly the same production team as his previous film.[28] Following the financial breakout of Pi, he was capable of hiring established actors, including Ellen Burstyn and Jared Leto, and received a budget of $3,500,000 to produce the film.[29] Production of the film occurred over the period of one year, with the film being released in October 2000. The film went on to gross $7,390,108 worldwide.[30] Aronofsky received acclaim for his stylish direction, and was nominated for another Independent Spirit Award, this time for Best Director.[31] The film itself was nominated for five awards in total, winning two, for Best Actress and Cinematography.[31] Clint Mansell's soundtrack for the film was also well-regarded, and since their first collaboration in 1996, Mansell has composed the music to every Aronofsky film (except for Mother!, 2017 and The Whale, 2022).[32][33] Ellen Burstyn was nominated for numerous awards, including for an Academy Award for Best Actress, and won the Independent Spirit Award.[31][34][35] Aronofsky was awarded the PRISM Award from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation with the National Institute on Drug Abuse for the film's depiction of drug abuse.[36]

In May 2000, Aronofsky was briefly attached to make an adaptation of David Wiesner's 1999 children's book Sector 7 for Nickelodeon Movies, the project remains unmade.[37] In mid-2000, Warner Bros. hired Aronofsky to write and direct Batman: Year One, which was to be the fifth film in the Batman franchise.[38] Aronofsky, who collaborated with Frank Miller on an unproduced script for Ronin, brought Miller to co-write Year One with him, intending to reboot the series.[39] "It's somewhat based on the comic book", Aronofsky later said. "Toss out everything you can imagine about Batman! Everything! We're starting completely anew", who intended to re-imagine the titular character in a darker, adult-oriented and grounded style, with his adaptation aiming for an R-rating.[40] Regular Aronofsky collaborator Matthew Libatique was set as cinematographer,[41] and Aronofsky had also approached Christian Bale for the role of Batman. Bale was ultimately cast in the role for Batman Begins.[42] After that project failed to develop, Aronofsky declined the opportunity to direct a film in the Batman franchise.[43] In March 2001, he helped write the screenplay to the horror film Below, which he also produced.[44]

In April 2001, Aronofsky entered negotiations with Warner Bros. and Village Roadshow to direct a then-untitled science fiction film, with Brad Pitt in the lead role.[45] In June 2001, actress Cate Blanchett entered talks to join the film,[46] which Aronofsky, wanting the title to remain secret, had given the working title of The Last Man.[47] Production was postponed to wait for a pregnant Blanchett to give birth to her child in December 2001. Production was ultimately set for late October 2002 in Queensland and Sydney.

By now officially titled The Fountain, the film had a budget of $70 million, co-financed by Warner Bros. and New Regency, which had filled the gap after Village Roadshow withdrew.[48] Pitt left the project seven weeks before the first day of shooting, halting production.[49] In February 2004, Warner Bros. resurrected it on a $35 million budget with Hugh Jackman in the lead role.[50] In August, actress Rachel Weisz filled the vacancy left by Blanchett.[51] The Fountain was released on November 22, 2006, a day before the American Thanksgiving holiday; ultimately it grossed $15,978,422 in theaters worldwide.[52] Audiences and critics were divided in their responses to it.[53][54][55][56]

Breakthrough

[edit]
Aronofsky, Mickey Rourke, and Evan Rachel Wood discussing The Wrestler
Aronofsky with the cast and crew of Black Swan

In 2007, Aronofsky hired writer Scott Silver to develop The Fighter with him.[57] Aronofsky approached Bale to star in the film, but Aronofsky dropped out because of its similarities to The Wrestler and to work on MGM's RoboCop remake.[clarification needed][58] In July 2010, Aronofsky had left the project due to uncertainty over the financially distressed studio's future.[59] When asked about the film, he said, "I think I'm still attached. I don't know. I haven't heard from anyone in a while".[60] Later during 2007, Aronofsky said he was planning to film a movie about Noah's Ark.[61]

Aronofsky had the idea for The Wrestler for over a decade.[62] He hired Robert Siegel to turn his idea into a script. The actor Nicolas Cage entered negotiations in October 2007 to star as Randy, the film's protagonist.[63] The following month Cage left the project, and Mickey Rourke replaced him in the lead role. Aronofsky said that Cage pulled out of the movie because Aronofsky wanted Rourke to star; Aronofsky said, stating that Cage was "a complete gentleman, and he understood that my heart was with Mickey and he stepped aside. I have so much respect for Nic Cage as an actor and I think it really could have worked with Nic but, you know, Nic was incredibly supportive of Mickey and he is old friends with Mickey and really wanted to help with this opportunity, so he pulled himself out of the race."[64] Cage responded, "I wasn't quote 'dropped' from the movie. I resigned from the movie because I didn't think I had enough time to achieve the look of the wrestler who was on steroids, which I would never do".[65] The roughly 40-day shoot began in January 2008.[66]

The Wrestler premiered at the 65th Venice International Film Festival. Initially receiving little attention, the film wound up winning the Golden Lion, the highest award at the world's oldest film festival.[67] The Wrestler received critical acclaim, and both Rourke and co-star Marisa Tomei received Academy Award, Golden Globe, SAG, and BAFTA nominations for their performances.[68] Rourke won a Golden Globe, as did Bruce Springsteen for his original song written for the film. The Wrestler grossed $44,674,354 worldwide on a budget of $6,000,000 making it Aronofsky's highest-grossing film to that point.[69]

Aronofsky's next film was Black Swan, which had been in development since 2001, a psychological thriller horror film about a New York City ballerina.[70][71] The film starred actress Natalie Portman, whom Aronofsky had known since 2000. She introduced Aronofsky to Mila Kunis, who joined the cast in 2009.[72] Black Swan had its world premiere as the opening film at the 67th Venice Film Festival in September 2010. It received a standing ovation whose length Variety said made it "one of the strongest Venice openers in recent memory".[73]

Black Swan has received high praise from film critics, and received a record 12 Broadcast Film Critics Association nominations, four Independent Spirit Award nominations, four Golden Globe nominations, three SAG nominations, and many more accolades.[74][75][76] Aronofsky received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Director.[76] The film broke limited-release box-office records and grossed an unexpectedly high $329,398,046.[77][78] On January 25, 2011, the film was nominated for a total of five Academy Awards; Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actress, Best Cinematography and Best Film Editing. On February 27, 2011, Portman won for Best Actress.[79] The film was awarded the PRISM Award from the Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration for its depiction of mental health issues.[80] Aronofsky served as an executive producer on The Fighter, which was also nominated for Best Picture at the Oscars and won two for Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress for Christian Bale and Melissa Leo.[79]

Larger-budget productions

[edit]
Aronofsky at the premiere of The Whale in 2022

Aronofsky was attached to The Wolverine, which was scheduled to begin production in March 2011, but he left the project due to scheduling issues.[81] The film was set to be sixth entry of the X-Men film series, featuring a story revolving around Wolverine's adventures in Japan.[81] In April 2011, Aronofsky was announced as the president of the jury for the 68th Venice International Film Festival.[82]

In December 2011, Aronofsky directed the music video for Lou Reed and Metallica's "The View" from their album Lulu.[83]

Aronofsky was set to direct an HBO series pilot called Hobgoblin. Announced on June 16, 2011, the series would have depicted a group of magicians and con artists who use their powers of deception to defeat Hitler during World War II.[84] He was set to work on the project with Pulitzer Prize winning author Michael Chabon and his wife Ayelet Waldman.[84] In June 2013, it was announced that HBO had dropped the show and Aronofsky had pulled out, as well.[85]

In 2011, Aronofsky tried to launch production on Noah, a retelling of the Bible story of Noah's Ark, projected for a $115 million budget.[86][87] By the following year, the film had secured funding and distribution from New Regency and Paramount Pictures, with Russell Crowe hired for the title role.[88] The film was adapted into a serialized graphic novel written by Aronofsky and Ari Handel, published in French in October 2011 by the Belgian publisher Le Lombard.[89] By July 2012, Aronofsky's crews were building an ark set in Oyster Bay, New York. Aronofsky announced the start of filming on Noah on Twitter in the same month, tweeting shots of the filming in Iceland.[90] The film featured Emma Watson, Anthony Hopkins, Logan Lerman, and Jennifer Connelly, with the latter having also starred in Requiem for a Dream.[91] During its opening weekend, Noah held the largest non-sequel opening within Russia and Brazil, and the fourth-largest opening of all time.[92] Aronofsky did not use live animals for the film, saying in a PETA video that "there's really no reason to do it anymore because the technology has arrived".[93] The Humane Society of the United States gave him their inaugural Humane Filmmaker Award in honor of his use of computer-generated animals.[94] That same year, he was announced as the president of the jury for the 65th Berlin International Film Festival for February 2015.[95]

Aronofsky's next film, Mother!, was released by Paramount Pictures on September 15, 2017.[96] It stars Jennifer Lawrence, Javier Bardem, Michelle Pfeiffer, Domhnall Gleeson, Ed Harris and Kristen Wiig.[97][98] The film sparked controversy upon release for its depiction of violence,[99] and, though it received generally positive reviews,[100] it polarized audiences, becoming one of few films to receive a "F" CinemaScore grade.[101][102] On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 68% based on 278 reviews, and an average rating of 6.8/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "There's no denying that Mother! is the thought-provoking product of a singularly ambitious artistic vision, though it may be too unwieldy for mainstream tastes."[100]

His next film would be "A courtroom drama of Artificial intelligence", in which he would cooperate again with Paramount Pictures, having doing so in Mother!.[103] In 2018, he was the co-executive producer of SPHERES, a virtual reality journey through the universe, that was acquired in a seven figure deal at the 2018 Sundance Film Festival.[104]

In January 2021, his next film was announced to be The Whale, a film adaptation of Samuel D. Hunter's play of the same name, starring Brendan Fraser.[105] The Whale had its world premiere at the 79th Venice International Film Festival on September 4, 2022, where it received a six-minute standing ovation.[106] Fraser's performance was highly praised and won him the Academy Award for Best Actor.[107]

In 2023, it was announced that he would direct an Elon Musk biopic by A24.[108]

Nonfiction work

[edit]

In 2018, Aronofsky executive produced the 10-part documentary series One Strange Rock for National Geographic. Episodes cover topics like the universe's origins, alien life, human intelligence, and themes of survival and destruction. Daniel Fienberg of The Hollywood Reporter describes One Strange Rock as "spectacular, delivering the same sort of bringing-science-to-life thrills for Earth as Cosmos did with the universe and Blue Planet and Planet Earth have done with myriad lifeforms."[109]

Aronofsky executive produced another National Geographic docuseries showcasing the planet's wonders, Welcome to Earth. The six-episode program was released in December 2021.[110]

In 2020, Aronofsky produced director Lance Oppenheim's debut feature documentary, Some Kind of Heaven. Set in The Villages retirement community in Florida, the film follows four residents who struggle to fit into the community's prepackaged paradise. In The A.V. Club, A.A. Dowd says Some Kind of Heaven "is surely one of the most gorgeously, strikingly shot documentaries in recent memory."[111] The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival[112] before being released by Magnolia Pictures in 2021.

In 2022, Aronofsky produced director Alex Pritz's documentary The Territory, about the Indigenous Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau people's struggle against advancing deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon, caused by farmers and unauthorized settlers.[113] The film had its world premiere at the 2022 Sundance Film Festival on January 22, 2022, and was released theatrically on August 19, 2022, by National Geographic to critical praise.[114][115] Guy Lodge of Variety writes, "'The Territory' is handsome without resting unduly on the natural beauty of its imperiled landscape, though iridescent closeups of plant and insect activity make clear the larger circle of life at stake here."[116] The film was awarded a 2022 Peabody Award and was shortlisted for an Academy Award in the Documentary Feature Film category.[117][118]

Aronofsky also created and executive produced Limitless for National Geographic, released in November 2022. The six-part series features Chris Hemsworth and delves into the science of longevity and how to live better and longer.[119]

Directing style

[edit]
Aronofsky with frequent collaborators Matthew Libatique and Andrew Weisblum

Aronofsky's first two films, Pi and Requiem for a Dream, were low budget and used montages of extremely short shots, also known as hip hop montages.[120] While an average 100-minute film has 600 to 700 cuts, Requiem for a Dream features more than 2,000. Split-screen is used extensively, along with extremely tight closeups.[121] Long tracking shots, including those shot with an apparatus strapping a camera to an actor, called the Snorricam, and time-lapse photography are also prominent stylistic devices.[122] Often with his films, Aronofsky alternates between extreme closeups and extreme wide shots to create a sense of isolation.[123]

With The Fountain, Aronofsky restricted the use of computer-generated imagery. Henrik Fett, the visual effects supervisor of Look Effects, said, "Darren was quite clear on what he wanted and his intent to greatly minimize the use of computer graphics ... and I think the results are outstanding."[124] He used more subtle directing in The Wrestler and Black Swan, in which a less-visceral directing style better showcases the acting and narratives. Aronofsky filmed both works with a muted palette and a grainy style.[125] Part of this consistent style involves collaborations with frequent partners cinematographer Matthew Libatique, editor Andrew Weisblum and composer Clint Mansell.[126] Mansell's music is often an important element of the films.[127]

Themes and influences

[edit]

Pi features several references to mathematics and mathematical theories.[23] In a 1998 interview, Aronofsky acknowledged several influences for Pi: "I'm a big fan of Kurosawa and Fellini. In this film in particular I think there's a lot of Roman Polanski influence and Terry Gilliam influence as well as a Japanese director named Shinya Tsukamoto—he directed The Iron Man, Tetsuo." The visual style of Pi and Requiem for a Dream features numerous similarities to Tetsuo: The Iron Man.[128][129]

The majority of reviewers characterized Requiem for a Dream in the genre of "drug movies", along with films like The Basketball Diaries, Trainspotting, Spun, and Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas.[120] But, Aronofsky placed his movie in a wider context, saying:

Requiem for a Dream is not about heroin or about drugs ... The Harry-Tyrone-Marion story is a very traditional heroin story. But putting it side by side with the Sara story, we suddenly say, 'Oh, my God, what is a drug?' The idea that the same inner monologue goes through a person's head when they're trying to quit drugs, as with cigarettes, as when they're trying to not eat food so they can lose 20 pounds, was really fascinating to me. I thought it was an idea that we hadn't seen on film and I wanted to bring it up on the screen.[130]

Dream logic is another leitmotif.[131]

With his friend Ari Handel, Aronofsky developed the plot for The Fountain; the director wrote the screenplay. In 1999, Aronofsky thought that The Matrix redefined the science fiction genre in film. He sought to make a science fiction film that explored new territory, as did The Matrix and its predecessors Star Wars and 2001: A Space Odyssey. He wanted to go beyond science fiction films with plots driven by technology and science.[45]

In the Toronto International Film Festival interview conducted by James Rocchi, Aronofsky credited the 1957 Charles Mingus song "The Clown" as a major influence on The Wrestler. It is an instrumental piece, with a poem read over the music about a clown who accidentally discovers the bloodlust of the crowds and eventually kills himself in performance.[132]

Aronofsky called Black Swan a companion piece to The Wrestler, recalling one of his early projects about a love affair between a wrestler and a ballerina. He eventually separated the wrestling and the ballet worlds, considering them as "too much for one movie". He compared the two films: "Wrestling some consider the lowest art—if they would even call it art—and ballet some people consider the highest art. But what was amazing to me was how similar the performers in both of these worlds are. They both make incredible use of their bodies to express themselves."[72] About the psychological thriller nature of Black Swan, actress Natalie Portman compared the film's tone to Polanski's 1968 film Rosemary's Baby,[133] while Aronofsky said Polanski's Repulsion (1965) and The Tenant (1976) were "big influences" on the final film.[72] Actor Vincent Cassel also compared Black Swan to Polanski's early films, commenting that it was also influenced by Alejandro Jodorowsky's movies[134] and David Cronenberg's early work.[135]

Aronofsky has also mentioned that he "learned a lot" from Jean-Luc Godard's film Breathless.[136]

Reception to films

[edit]

Requiem for a Dream was originally set for release in 2000, but it was met with controversy in the U.S., being rated NC-17 by the MPAA due to a graphic sex scene.[137] Aronofsky appealed the rating, claiming that cutting any portion of the film would dilute its message. The appeal was denied and the film's distributor Artisan Entertainment decided to release the film unrated.[138]

The question of who had designed 40 ballet costumes for Portman and the dancers in Black Swan was one publicized controversy related to the film.[139] The media gave substantial coverage to the dance double controversy: how much credit for the dancing in the film was being given to Portman and how much to her "dance double", Sarah Lane, an American Ballet Theatre soloist.[140] Lane claimed to have danced more than she was credited. The director and Fox Searchlight disputed Lane's claim. Their released statements said, "We were fortunate to have Sarah there to cover the more complicated dance sequences and we have nothing but praise for the hard work she did. However, Natalie herself did most of the dancing featured in the final film."[141]

Aronofsky said in an interview with Entertainment Weekly:[142]

I had my editor count shots. There are 140 dance shots in the film. 111 are Natalie Portman untouched. 28 are her dance double Sarah Lane. If you do the math, that's 80% Natalie Portman. What about duration? The shots that feature the double are wide shots and rarely play for longer than one second. There are two complicated longer dance sequences that we used face replacement. Even so, if we were judging by time, over 90% would be Natalie Portman. And to be clear, Natalie did dance en pointe in pointe shoes. If you look at the final shot of the opening prologue, which lasts 85 seconds, and was danced completely by Natalie, she exits the scene on pointe. That is completely her without any digital magic.

While Aronofsky's other movies have evoked significant emotional response, they were surpassed by the controversy aroused by Noah. It was screened for the first time on March 28, 2014, and despite its PG-13 rating, it has quickly been recognized by Box Office Mojo as one of the most controversial movies of the last 35 years along with such titles as The Passion of the Christ or The Da Vinci Code.[143] Noah has been banned in United Arab Emirates, Qatar, and Indonesia on religious grounds with other countries following suit.[144]

Aronofsky's films have also been criticized for content and casting. His seventh film Mother! (2017) sparked controversy upon release due to its graphic and disturbing content, polarizing both critics and audiences.[99][101][102] His eighth film The Whale (2022) also received controversy for lead star Brendan Fraser wearing a prosthetic suit; and for casting the heterosexual Fraser as a homosexual character. Some critics labeled the film's messaging relating to its lead character's obesity as fatphobic.[145][146][147][148][149] In preparing for the role, Fraser consulted the Obesity Action Coalition (OAC) and conversed with members of the group about their life experiences. The OAC recognized the controversial use of prosthetics in portraying obesity, but the organization supported its role in the film because it helped "realistically portray one person's story with obesity, something rarely seen in media" rather than existing to "demean or ridicule".[150]

Environmental activism

[edit]

Aronofsky is known for his environmental activism. A number of his films, notably Noah and Mother!, can be read as environmental parables. In 2014 he traveled to the Alberta Tar Sands with the Sierra Club's Michael Brune and Leonardo DiCaprio.[151] In 2015, he traveled to Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge with Brune, Keri Russell, and the leaders of several veterans groups.[152]

In 2014, he received the Humane Filmmaker Award from the Humane Society of the United States.[153]

In 2015, he collaborated with the artist JR on The Standing March, a public art installation in Paris encouraging diplomats at COP21 to take action against climate change.[154]

He coproduced the 2022 documentary The Territory about a Brazilian rainforest tribe's fight to protect its existence from encroaching land grabbers.

He is a board member of the Sierra Club Foundation and The School for Field Studies.[155][156]

Personal life

[edit]

Aronofsky began dating English actress Rachel Weisz in 2001, and they were engaged in 2005.[157] They lived in Manhattan's East Village and had a son on May 31, 2006.[158][159] In November 2010, they announced that they had been separated for months but were raising their son together.[160]

In September 2016, he began dating American actress Jennifer Lawrence, whom he met during the filming of Mother!.[161][162] The relationship ended in November 2017.[163]

Aronofsky said of his spiritual beliefs in 2014, "I think I definitely believe. My biggest expression of what I believe is in The Fountain."[164] In 2022, he said, "I do TM [Transcendental Meditation] and I love it. It's a really helpful exercise."[165]

In 2024 both he and his sister Patti became Polish citizens. His Polish lawyer explained that Aronofsky applied for the Polish citizenship to fulfill his parents' wish.[166]

Filmography

[edit]

Short film

Year Title Director Writer Producer Notes
1991 Supermarket Sweep Yes Yes No Senior thesis film[167]
Fortune Cookie Yes No Yes AFI Conservatory masters program[168]
1993 Protozoa Yes Yes No
1994 No Time Yes No No

Feature film

[edit]
Year Title Director Writer Producer
1998 Pi Yes Yes No
2000 Requiem for a Dream Yes Yes No
2002 Below No Yes Yes
2006 The Fountain Yes Yes No
2008 The Wrestler Yes No Yes
2010 Black Swan Yes No No
2014 Noah Yes Yes Yes
2017 Mother! Yes Yes No
2022 The Whale Yes No Yes

Producer only

Executive producer

  • The Fighter (2010)
  • Zipper (2015)
  • Serendipity (2020)
  • Limitless with Chris Hemsworth (2022)

Other credits

[edit]

Film

Year Title Role Notes
1998 Pi Assistant positive cutter
2000 Requiem for a Dream Visitor Uncredited cameo
2022 Night of the Coconut Himself

Television

Year Title Role Notes
2018 One Strange Rock Executive producer Documentary series

Other

Year Title Role Notes
1997 Soldier Boyz Designer and cutscenes director FMV Game[169][170]
2018 Spheres: Songs of Spacetime Producer Virtual reality
2023 Postcard from Earth Director, writer and producer Bespoke production for the Sphere[171]

Accolades

[edit]
Year Award Category Title Result Ref
1998 Gotham Awards Open Palm Award Pi Won [172]
National Board of Review Special Recognition for Excellence in Filmmaking Won [173]
Sundance Film Festival Best Director Won [24]
Grand Jury Prize Nominated
1999 Independent Spirit Awards Best First Screenplay Won [31]
Best First Feature Nominated
2000 National Board of Review Special Recognition for Excellence in Filmmaking Requiem for a Dream Won [174]
Valladolid International Film Festival Best Picture – Golden Spike Award Won [175]
2001 Independent Spirit Awards Best Film Nominated [31]
Best Director Nominated
Webby Award Movie & Film Webby Award Winner Won [176]
American Film Institute Franklin J. Schaffner Award Recipient Won [177]
2006 Venice Film Festival Golden Lion The Fountain Nominated [67]
Stockholm International Film Festival[178] Visionary Award Won
Chicago International Film Festival Emerging Visionary Award Recipient Won [179]
2008 Venice Film Festival Golden Lion The Wrestler Won [67]
Golden Tomato Best Drama Won [180]
2009 Independent Spirit Award Best Film Won [68]
London Critics Circle Film Awards Best Film Won [68]
Best Director Won
National Board of Review Best Film Nominated [181]
Fantasporto Audience Award Won [182]
2010 Venice Film Festival Golden Lion Black Swan Nominated [183]
Critics' Choice Awards Best Director Nominated [184]
Independent Spirit Awards Best Director Won [75]
Best Film Won
Gotham Awards[185] Best Feature Nominated
Chicago Film Critics Association Best Director Nominated [186]
San Francisco Film Critics Circle Awards Best Director Won [187]
Satellite Award Best Director Nominated [188]
Toronto Film Critics Association Best Director Nominated [189]
Vancouver Film Critics Circle Best Director Nominated [190]
Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Best Director Nominated [191]
Camerimage Cinematographer – Director Duo Award Won [192]
2011 British Academy Film Awards Best Direction Nominated [193]
Golden Globe Award Best Director Nominated [76]
Directors Guild of America Outstanding Directing – Feature Film Nominated [194]
Academy Awards Best Director Nominated [79]
Provincetown International Film Festival Filmmaker on the Edge Award Recipient Won [195]
Scream Awards Best Director Won [196]
2012 Japanese Academy Awards[citation needed] Outstanding Foreign Language Film Nominated
2014 Woodstock Film Festival Honorary Maverick Award Recipient Won [197]
2015 Odesa International Film Festival Golden Duke for Lifetime Achievement Won [198]
Motion Picture Sound Editors Filmmaker's Award Recipient Won [199]
2017 Venice Film Festival Golden Lion Mother! Nominated
Deauville Film Festival Achievement Tribute Award Won
PETA Oscats PETA Pick Award Mother! Won
2018 Golden Raspberry Awards Worst Director Nominated
Yerevan International Film Festival Parajanov Thaler Award for Outstanding Artistic Contribution Into World Cinema Won
Venice Film Festival Best Virtual Reality SPHERES: Songs of Spacetime Won
Mumbai Film Festival Excellence in Cinema Award Won [200]
2022 Peabody Award Entertainment The Territory Won [201]
2023 Primetime Emmy Awards Exceptional Merit in Documentary Filmmaking Won [202]

Directed Academy Award performances

Aronofsky has directed multiple Oscar nominated performances.

Year Performer Title Result
Academy Award for Best Actor
2009 Mickey Rourke The Wrestler Nominated
2023 Brendan Fraser The Whale Won
Academy Award for Best Actress
2001 Ellen Burstyn Requiem for a Dream Nominated
2011 Natalie Portman Black Swan Won
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
2009 Marisa Tomei The Wrestler Nominated
2023 Hong Chau The Whale Nominated

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Darren Aronofsky Biography (1969-)". FilmReference.com. Archived from the original on July 3, 2017. Retrieved November 22, 2017.
  2. ^ Pfefferman, Naomi (July 23, 1998). "The Arts". The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles. Archived from the original on May 19, 2018. Retrieved May 18, 2018.
  3. ^ a b Romney, Jonathon (August 12, 2011). "Blood, sweat and murder at the ballet: The endless torture of Darren Aronofsky". The Independent. UK. Archived from the original on August 14, 2012. Retrieved August 12, 2011.
  4. ^ Walker, Tim (January 15, 2011). "Darren Aronofsky: Hollywood's most ambitious director". The Independent. Archived from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved May 18, 2018.
  5. ^ Collin, Robbie (April 7, 2014). "Darren Aronofsky interview: 'The Noah story is scary'". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on May 27, 2018. Retrieved May 27, 2018. He describes his family background as "culturally Jewish".
  6. ^ Hogg, Trevor (December 22, 2010). "Visual Linguist: A Darren Aronofsky Profile". Flickeringmyth.com. Archived from the original on July 16, 2012. Retrieved September 22, 2012.
  7. ^ "In-Depth Interview With Darren Aronofsky for Black Swan – Starring Natalie Portman". FlicksAndBits.com. January 17, 2011. Archived from the original on September 22, 2012. Retrieved September 22, 2012.
  8. ^ a b c Vittorio, Carli. "Darren Aronofsky Interview/Story". Artininterviews. Archived from the original on May 24, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2010. Undated; updated version of story from The Star, 1998, n.d.
  9. ^ Stein, Ruthe (July 19, 1998). "Filmmaker's Success as Easy as 'Pi' / Darren Aronofsky went from Sundance to studio contract with his thriller about math". SFGate. Archived from the original on May 28, 2018. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
  10. ^ a b c "Alumni: Darren Aronofsky" Archived July 25, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, The School for Field Studies (official site), December 22, 2009
  11. ^ Cantagallo, Dan (October 27, 2000). "Dreamlover: An Interview with Darren Aronofsky". The Harvard Crimson. Archived from the original on November 24, 2012. Retrieved December 30, 2010.
  12. ^ Karlin, Susan (December 16, 2010). "Meet the Man Who Gave 'Black Swan' Wings". Fast Company. Archived from the original on November 24, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  13. ^ Walker, Tim (January 15, 2011). "Darren Aronofsky: Hollywood's most ambitious director". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved April 25, 2014.
  14. ^ "Sword of Doom". Directors Guild of America. Archived from the original on February 25, 2012. Retrieved October 19, 2012.
  15. ^ a b c d "Darren Aronofsky: The Ask Hollywood Interview Part 1". MyVideoStore.com. n.d. Archived from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved October 19, 2012. In this film [Pi] in particular I think there's a lot of [Roman] Polanski influence and Terry Gilliam influence as well as a Japanese director named [Shinya] Tsukamoto ... As far as being a storyteller I think my biggest influence was Bill Cosby and his comedy. And also as far as writing would probably be Hubert Selby, Jr.
  16. ^ a b "10 Questions for Darren Aronofsky". Time. January 17, 2011. Archived from the original on October 20, 2012. Retrieved October 19, 2012. Filmmakers like Spike Lee and Jim Jarmusch were big influences and expanded [my sense of] what film could be.
  17. ^ Dazed (August 27, 2015). "The cult Japanese filmmaker that inspired Darren Aronofsky". Dazed. Archived from the original on November 29, 2018. Retrieved September 16, 2017.
  18. ^ "Darren Aronofsky". Film.com. Archived from the original on December 25, 2010. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  19. ^ "Darren Aronofsky: Hollywood's most ambitious director". The Independent. January 15, 2011. Archived from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved August 15, 2017.
  20. ^ "Darren Aronofsky: 10 things you need to know about the Oscar-nominated director"[permanent dead link], Mirror.co.uk, February 25, 2011
  21. ^ Kay, Jeremy. "Mark Waters to receive AFI's Franklin J Schaffner Alumni Medal" Archived January 18, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, ScreenDaily.com, June 9, 2008
  22. ^ "Franklin J. Schaffner Award". AFI.com. Archived from the original on May 18, 2010. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  23. ^ a b Idov, Michael (November 19, 2006). "Pi in the Sky". New York. p. 2. Archived from the original on October 21, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  24. ^ a b "The Ask Hollywood Interview: Part 1". Videoplace. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  25. ^ "Pi". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on January 11, 2011. Retrieved December 18, 2010.
  26. ^ "Pi". Metacritic. Archived from the original on August 13, 2010. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
  27. ^ "SightSound to Netcast Franchise Pix". Scribd. Archived from the original on March 28, 2017. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
  28. ^ Kaufman, Anthony (December 1, 2009). "Decade: Darren Aronofsky on 'Requiem For a Dream'". indieWIRE. Archived from the original on December 15, 2010. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  29. ^ "Requiem for a Dream". Drunkenfist. Archived from the original on December 22, 2010. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  30. ^ "Requiem for a Dream". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on December 16, 2010. Retrieved December 18, 2010.
  31. ^ a b c d e Stevens, Jim (April 20, 2001). "Articles: Independent Spirit Awards". Blackflix.com. Archived from the original on October 27, 2010. Retrieved March 24, 2010.
  32. ^ Bray, Elisa (January 28, 2011). "Duo Darren Aronofsky and Clint Mansell score on pointes". The Independent. Archived from the original on November 10, 2012. Retrieved January 31, 2011.
  33. ^ Phares, Heather. "Requiem for a Dream Clint Mansell". Allmusicguide.com. Archived from the original on December 3, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  34. ^ "2000 Academy Awards Winners and History". Filomsite.org. Archived from the original on September 5, 2015. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  35. ^ "Ellen Burstyn – Awards". IMDb. Archived from the original on December 16, 2017. Retrieved November 22, 2017.
  36. ^ "2000 Nominations and Winners". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
  37. ^ Corona.bc.ca (May 24, 2000). "Coming Attractions – Sector 7". Archived from the original on April 10, 2001. Retrieved December 10, 2013.
  38. ^ Harris, Dana (September 21, 2000). "WB sends Pi guy into the Bat Cave". Variety. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  39. ^ Linder, Brian (October 16, 2000). "The Bat-Men Speak". IGN. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  40. ^ Linder, Brian (December 6, 2000). "Aronofsky Talks Batman: Year One ... Again". IGN. Archived from the original on November 5, 2012. Retrieved October 17, 2008.
  41. ^ Andrew O. Thompson (November 8, 2000). "Matthew Libatique". Variety. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  42. ^ Adam Smith (July 2005). "The Original American Psycho". Empire. pp. 74–80, 82, 84, 87.
  43. ^ Harris, Dana (June 30, 2002). "WB: fewer pix, more punch". Variety. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  44. ^ McCarthy, Todd (October 6, 2002). "Below Review". Variety. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2008.
  45. ^ a b Linder, Brian (April 5, 2001). "Aronofsky, Pitt Team for Sci-Fi Epic". IGN. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  46. ^ Linder, Brian (June 7, 2001). "Blanchett Joining Pitt in Aronofsky's Next". IGN. Archived from the original on November 3, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  47. ^ Topel, Fred (November 7, 2006). "Crave talks to Darren Aronofsky". CraveOnline.com. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  48. ^ Linder, Brian (July 25, 2002). "Fountain Flows at Warner Bros". IGN. Archived from the original on November 3, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  49. ^ Silberman, Steve (November 1, 2006). "The Outsider". Wired News. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  50. ^ Linder, Brian (February 7, 2004). "The Fountain Flows Again". IGN. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  51. ^ Linder, Brian (August 4, 2004). "Weisz Wades Into Fountain". IGN. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  52. ^ "The Fountain (2006)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on July 15, 2007. Retrieved May 18, 2007.
  53. ^ "The Darren Aronofsky Retrospective: 'The Fountain' | Movie Mezzanine". moviemezzanine.com. January 27, 2013. Archived from the original on January 12, 2016. Retrieved January 23, 2017.
  54. ^ Ebert, Roger (September 14, 2007). "'The Fountain' spews forth lots of babble". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on February 11, 2010. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
  55. ^ Kenny, Glenn (November 22, 2006). "The Fountain". Premiere. Archived from the original on November 18, 2010. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
  56. ^ "Fountain, The". Metacritic. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
  57. ^ Michael Fleming; Pamela McClintock (March 26, 2007). "Aronofsky in talks to direct 'Fighter'". Variety. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  58. ^ Pedersen, Nicole. "It's Official! Darren Aronofsky Will Build A Better ROBOCOP" Archived March 20, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, Collider July 25, 2008
  59. ^ Butler, Tom (June 27, 2010). "Robocop Reboot Canned". IGN. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  60. ^ Zeitchik, Steven."It's a swan, it's a plane ... Darren Aronofsky latest name to surface in Superman director search" Archived December 12, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, Los Angeles Times, 2010/10/27
  61. ^ "Exclusive: Aronofsky To Direct Noah" Archived December 12, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, Empire, 2007/05/30
  62. ^ Sciretta, Peter (August 8, 2008). "Fox Searchlight Wins The Wrestler". Shashfilm. Archived from the original on February 2, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  63. ^ Goldstein, Gregg (October 12, 2007). "Cage makes some moves on 'Wrestler'". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  64. ^ Sciretta, Peter (October 9, 2008). "Interview: Darren Aronofsky". slashfilm.com. Archived from the original on September 20, 2008. Retrieved September 24, 2008.
  65. ^ "Nicolas Cage: I Wasn't 'Dropped' From 'The Wrestler'". Access Hollywood. March 9, 2009. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  66. ^ Fleming, Michael (November 10, 2007). "Mickey Rourke wires 'Wrestler'". Variety. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  67. ^ a b c "Darren Aronofsky (2008)". Fox Searchlight. Archived from the original on December 24, 2008. Retrieved December 3, 2008.
  68. ^ a b c Singh, Anita (February 23, 2009). "Oscar winners: Slumdog Millionaire and Kate Winslet lead British film sweep". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on February 26, 2009. Retrieved May 23, 2007.
  69. ^ "The Wrestler (2008)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on December 16, 2008. Retrieved May 23, 2007.
  70. ^ "Direct Effect Season 1, Episode 7 Darren Aronofsky of BLACK SWAN". Archived October 6, 2014, at the Wayback Machine Fox Movie Channel Originals. TV Guide. October 11, 2011.
  71. ^ Lesnick, Silas (December 13, 2009). "Mila Kunis Talks Black Swan". ComingSoon.net. Archived from the original on February 16, 2010. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  72. ^ a b c Ditzian, Eric (December 13, 2009). "'Black Swan' Director Darren Aronofsky on Ballet, Natalie Portman And Lesbian Kisses". MTV. Archived from the original on September 1, 2010. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  73. ^ Vivarelli, Nick (September 2010). "Aronofsky flies 'Swan' at Venice". Variety. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  74. ^ "Black Swan Movie reviews, Pictures". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on September 27, 2010. Retrieved December 21, 2009.
  75. ^ a b "Nominees". Independent Spirit Awards. November 30, 2010. Archived from the original on May 4, 2010. Retrieved December 11, 2010.
  76. ^ a b c "Nominees". Golden Globe Awards. December 14, 2010. Archived from the original on May 5, 2012. Retrieved December 11, 2010.
  77. ^ Young, John (May 12, 2010). "Box office report: 'Tangled' wins slow weekend with $21.5 mil". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on October 25, 2015. Retrieved December 11, 2010.
  78. ^ "Black Swan (2010)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on March 15, 2011. Retrieved March 17, 2011.
  79. ^ a b c "Nominees for the 83rd Academy Awards". oscars.org. Archived from the original on March 2, 2011. Retrieved March 17, 2011.
  80. ^ "15th Annual PRISM Awards". Los Angeles Times. April 28, 2011. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
  81. ^ a b McClintock, Pamela (March 17, 2011). "Darren Aronofsky Bows Out of 'Wolverine'". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on March 20, 2011. Retrieved March 17, 2011. Additional March 17, 2011.
  82. ^ "Darren Aronofsky to head Venice film festival jury". BBC News. April 27, 2011. Archived from the original on May 6, 2011. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  83. ^ Stusoy, Brandon (November 3, 2011). "Darren Aronofsky to Direct Video for Loutallica's "Iced Honey"". Pitchfork Media. Archived from the original on November 5, 2011. Retrieved November 1, 2011.
  84. ^ a b "Darren Aronofsky Joins Magic World War II Drama Series in Development at HBO". Deadline. March 16, 2011. Archived from the original on June 18, 2011. Retrieved March 26, 2011.
  85. ^ "HBO Passes on Darren Aronofsky WW2 Magic Drama 'Hobgoblin,' FX Reportedly Considers". Screen Crush. June 18, 2013. Archived from the original on February 12, 2015. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
  86. ^ "Noah (2014) – Box Office Mojo". boxofficemojo.com. Archived from the original on March 4, 2017. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
  87. ^ Mecca, Dan (June 16, 2011). "Darren Aronofsky's 'Noah' Project Attempting To Anchor At". The Film Stage. Archived from the original on August 23, 2011. Retrieved March 25, 2011.
  88. ^ Fleming, Mike (March 4, 2012). "Douglas Booth And Logan Lerman Board Boat For 'Noah'". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on July 12, 2012. Retrieved July 12, 2012.
  89. ^ Schwartz, Terri (October 21, 2011). "First look at Darren Aronofsky's "Noah" graphic novel hits the web". IFC. Archived from the original on June 29, 2012. Retrieved July 12, 2012.
  90. ^ "Darren Aronofsky's Noah Begins Filming – Starring Russell Crowe, Ray Winstone & Emma Watson". Flicks and Bits. Archived from the original on July 25, 2012. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
  91. ^ Chitwood, Adam (July 9, 2012). "Anthony Hopkins to Play Methuselah in Darren Aronofsky's NOAH". Collider. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  92. ^ Tartaglione, Nancy (March 31, 2014). "NTL BOX OFFICE UPDATE: 'Captain America: The Winter Soldier' Captures $75.2M; 'Noah' Swells To $51.5M Cume; 'Rio 2' Breaks Brazil Records; 'Lego' Passes $400M; More". Deadline. Archived from the original on March 14, 2020. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
  93. ^ "Darren Aronofsky: 'There were no real animals used in Noah' Archived March 28, 2014, at the Wayback Machine", WENN.com, March 25, 2014.
  94. ^ "Darren Aronofsky honoured for kindness to animals Archived March 28, 2014, at the Wayback Machine", WENN.com, March 26, 2014.
  95. ^ "Darren Aronofsky will lead the 2015 Berlin Film Festival Jury". Uproxx. HitFix. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  96. ^ Nordine, Michael (February 6, 2017). "'Mother!': Darren Aronofsky Drama Starring Jennifer Lawrence Gets Awards-Friendly Release Date". Indiewire.com. Archived from the original on May 12, 2017. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
  97. ^ McNary, Dave (April 15, 2016). "Domhnall Gleeson, Michelle Pfeiffer Join Jennifer Lawrence in Darren Aronofsky Drama". Variety. Archived from the original on July 20, 2016. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
  98. ^ Busch, Anita (March 23, 2017). "Kristen Wiig In Negotiations To Star In 'Where'd You Go Bernadette?'". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved March 26, 2017.
  99. ^ a b Smith, Kyle (September 14, 2017). "Jennifer Lawrence's Grotesque Spoof of the Nativity". National Review. Archived from the original on September 29, 2017. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  100. ^ a b "Mother! (2017)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. September 15, 2017. Archived from the original on September 23, 2017. Retrieved September 18, 2017.
  101. ^ a b D'Alessandro, Anthony. "'Mother!' Dies With 'F' CinemaScore And $7.5M Start As 'It' Becomes Biggest September Release Ever With $218M+ Cume". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
  102. ^ a b Hughes, William (September 16, 2017). "Mother! earns a rare, semi-coveted F from CinemaScore". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on September 16, 2017. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
  103. ^ Sharf, Zack (July 18, 2017). "Darren Aronofsky's Next Movie is An Artificial Intelligence Courtroom Drama". IndieWire. Archived from the original on August 11, 2020. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
  104. ^ "A VR Movie Set in Space Just Landed a 7-Figure Deal at Sundance. This Is Huge". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Archived from the original on September 4, 2020. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
  105. ^ Ivie, Devon (January 11, 2021). "Darren Aronofsky Film 'The Whale' To Star Brendan Fraser". Vulture. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
  106. ^ Setoodeh, Ramin; Sharf, Zack; Keslassy, Elsa (September 4, 2022). "Brendan Fraser Breaks Down in Tears as 'The Whale' Gets Huge 6-Minute Standing Ovation in Venice". Variety. Retrieved March 28, 2023.
  107. ^ "Brendan Fraser wins best actor Oscar for 'The Whale'". Reuters. March 12, 2023. Retrieved March 28, 2023.
  108. ^ "Elon Musk Biopic in the Works at A24 With Darren Aronofsky Set to Direct". Variety. November 10, 2023.
  109. ^ Fienberg, Daniel (March 26, 2018). "'One Strange Rock': TV Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  110. ^ "Welcome to Earth producer Darren Aronofsky loved torturing Will Smith". CNET. December 10, 2021. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  111. ^ "Some Kind Of Heaven finds darkness in a sunny retirement community". The A.V. Club. January 14, 2021. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  112. ^ "Darren Aronofsky Returns to Sundance with 'Some Kind of Heaven', Directed by Gifted Young Protégé with "Tremendous Potential"". January 28, 2020. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 24, 2021.
  113. ^ Campbell, Christopher (August 30, 2022). "How Alex Pritz Landed Darren Aronofsky To Produce His First Feature". Nonfics. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  114. ^ Lang, Brent (December 9, 2021). "Sundance Unveils 2022 Feature Lineup, Including Films From Lena Dunham, Amy Poehler and Netflix's Kanye West Doc". Variety. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  115. ^ "40 Films to See This Summer". The Film Stage. April 27, 2022. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  116. ^ Lodge, Guy (January 22, 2022). "'The Territory' Review: Indigenous Brazilians Stand Their Ground in an Urgent Environmental Docu-Thriller". Variety. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  117. ^ Coates, Tyler (May 9, 2023). "Peabody Awards: 'Abbott Elementary,' 'Andor,' 'Severance' and 'We're Here' Among Winners". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  118. ^ Verhoeven, Beatrice (January 5, 2023). "Oscars: Tales of Artistry, Environmental Activism and Political Struggle Lead the Documentary Feature Race". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  119. ^ Wood, Anthony (November 16, 2022). "Limitless: Darren Aronofsky on the Moment That Put Chris Hemsworth in Very Real Danger". IGN. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  120. ^ a b Boyd, Susan (2008). Hooked. New York: Routledge. pp. 97–98. ISBN 978-0-415-95706-9.
  121. ^ Booker, M. (2007). Postmodern Hollywood. New York: Praeger. ISBN 978-0-275-99900-1.
  122. ^ Powell, Anna (2007). Deleuze, Altered States and Film. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 75. ISBN 978-0-7486-3282-4.
  123. ^ Dancyger, Ken (2002). The Technique of Film and Video Editing. London: Focal. pp. 257–258. ISBN 0-240-80420-1.
  124. ^ "Look Effects Does More With Less CG on The Fountain". Animation World Network. October 26, 2006. Archived from the original on March 17, 2010. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
  125. ^ Barry, Colleen (August 1, 2010). "Black Swan opens Venice Film Festival". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on November 13, 2012.
  126. ^ "Fireside Chat Darren Aronofsky". Red Bull Radio. Red Bull GmbH. Archived from the original on August 14, 2017. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
  127. ^ Weiland, Jonah (April 11, 2005). "Talking with the Makers of "The Fountain"". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on December 30, 2006. Retrieved November 10, 2006.
  128. ^ "Darren Aronofsky: THE ASK HOLLYWOOD INTERVIEW" Archived September 21, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Darren Aronofsky Online (1998). Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  129. ^ "An Interview with Darren Aronofsky and Sean Gullette of "Pi"" Archived May 10, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. IndieWire (January 21, 1998). Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  130. ^ "It's a punk movie" Archived April 30, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. Salon.com (October 13, 2000). Retrieved 2010-12-12.
  131. ^ Brooks, Xan (September 7, 2017). "Darren Aronofsky on Mother! – 'Jennifer Lawrence was hyperventilating because of the emotion'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on September 21, 2017. Retrieved September 8, 2017.
  132. ^ Foley, Mick (December 18, 2008). "The Wrestler Is Good". Slate. The Slate Group. Archived from the original on December 20, 2008. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
  133. ^ Wigler, Josh (August 5, 2010). "Natalie Portman Likens Black Swan To Rosemary's Baby In Terms of Tone". MTV Movies Blog. MTV. Archived from the original on August 6, 2010. Retrieved August 6, 2010.
  134. ^ las películas favoritas de darren aronofsky – filmin Archived April 8, 2014, at the Wayback Machine. Filmin.es. Retrieved on May 22, 2014.
  135. ^ Buchanan, Kyle (August 26, 2010). "Vincent Cassel on Mesrine, Black Swan, and Acting". Movieline. Archived from the original on September 4, 2010.
  136. ^ Keaten, Jamey; Adamson, Thomas (September 13, 2022). "Iconic French New Wave director Jean-Luc Godard dead at 91". The Washington Post. Retrieved September 15, 2022. "Black Swan" director Darren Aronofsky tweeted: "learned a lot from my vhs copy of breathless… thank you maestro."
  137. ^ Goodridge, Mike (August 22, 2000). "MPAA slams NC-17 rating on Artisan's 'Requiem'". Screendaily. Archived from the original on January 18, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  138. ^ Hernandez, Eugene; Anthony Kaufman (August 25, 2000). "MPAA Upholds NC-17 Rating for Aronofsky's "Requiem for a Dream"; Artisan Stands Behind Film and Will Release Film Unrated". indieWIRE. SnagFilms. Archived from the original on February 22, 2012. Retrieved November 1, 2011.
  139. ^ Laverty, Chris (January 28, 2011). "Black Swan: Amy Westcott Interview". Clothes on Film. Archived from the original on February 1, 2011. Retrieved January 30, 2011.
  140. ^ Fuhrer, Margaret (May 21, 2010). "Ballet All Over: Big Names in Black Swan". Pointe Magazine. Macfadden Performing Arts Media. Archived from the original on July 15, 2010.
  141. ^ Labrecque, Jeff (March 26, 2011). "'Black Swan' controversy: 'Natalie herself did most of the dancing,' insist filmmakers". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  142. ^ Markovitz, Adam (March 28, 2011). "'Black Swan' director Darren Aronofsky defends Natalie Portman in body-double controversy". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  143. ^ "Controversy movies at the Box Office". Archived from the original on September 30, 2016. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  144. ^ Kosior, Wojciech (2016). "The Crimes of Love. The (Un)Censored Version of the Flood Story in Noah (2014)". Journal of Religion and Film. 20 (3). Archived from the original on October 6, 2016. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  145. ^ Dickson, EJ (September 7, 2022). "Welcome Back, Brendan Fraser, You Sexy MF". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on September 14, 2022. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  146. ^ Diaz, Jaclyn (September 6, 2022). "Why Brendan Fraser's Hollywood comeback story is both warming hearts and raising ire". NPR. Archived from the original on September 13, 2022. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  147. ^ Hanson, Mark (September 13, 2022). "The Whale Review: Fatphobia Sinks Darren Aronofsky's Drama". Slant Magazine. Archived from the original on September 14, 2022. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  148. ^ Rife, Katie (September 13, 2022). "Darren Aronofsky's The Whale is an act of hate disguised as tough love". Polygon. Archived from the original on September 30, 2022. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  149. ^ Rodriguez, Mathew (September 28, 2022). "In The Whale, Brendan Fraser Plays Gay and Wears a Fatsuit. Daniel Franzese Has Thoughts". Them. Archived from the original on September 29, 2022. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  150. ^ "Brendan Fraser shares how he transformed for his role in 'The Whale'". Good Morning America. December 7, 2022. Archived from the original on December 15, 2022.
  151. ^ "Our Trip to The Climate War's Ground Zero". The Daily Beast. September 19, 2014. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  152. ^ "Sierra Club Leads Trip To The Arctic Weeks Before Shell Set To Drill". Sierra Club. July 20, 2015. Archived from the original on August 21, 2017. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  153. ^ Esther Zuckerman (October 21, 2014). "Humane Society to honor Darren Aronofsky for using CGI animals in film". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on August 17, 2017. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  154. ^ Nash Jenkins (November 29, 2015). "Massive Public Artwork in Paris Reflects Desire for Climate-Change Solutions". Time. Archived from the original on March 14, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  155. ^ Chris Gardner (June 13, 2016). "Darren Aronofsky Joins Sierra Club Foundation Board of Directors". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on August 17, 2017. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  156. ^ "Board of Trustees". The School for Field Studies. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  157. ^ Shoard, Catherine (November 9, 2010). "Rachel Weisz and Darren Aronofsky 'split up'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on October 2, 2019. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
  158. ^ "Oscar winner Rachel Weisz has baby boy". USA Today. March 1, 2005. Archived from the original on April 6, 2009. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  159. ^ Stephen M. Silverman (March 1, 2006). "Rachel Weisz has a boy". People. Archived from the original on November 20, 2012. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  160. ^ Perry, Simon (November 9, 2010). "Rachel Weisz & Darren Aronofsky split up". People. Archived from the original on November 11, 2010. Retrieved November 10, 2010.
  161. ^ Guglielmi, Jodi (August 9, 2017). "Jennifer Lawrence on Dating Darren Aronofsky: 'I Had Energy for Him. I Don't Know How He Felt About Me'". People. Archived from the original on August 9, 2017. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  162. ^ Riseman, Abraham (August 21, 2017). "Darren Aronofsky Doesn't Want You to Know Anything About Mother!". Vulture.com (New York. Archived from the original on August 22, 2017. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
  163. ^ Russian, Ale (November 22, 2017). "Jennifer Lawrence and Darren Aronofsky Split After a Year Together". People. Archived from the original on November 22, 2017. Retrieved November 22, 2017.
  164. ^ "The 'Terror' of Noah: How Darren Aronofsky Interprets the Bible". The Atlantic. March 26, 2014. Archived from the original on August 17, 2017. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  165. ^ Marshall, Rick (November 16, 2022). "Darren Aronofsky explains how Limitless with Chris Hemsworth challenges aging". Digital Trends. Retrieved July 22, 2023.
  166. ^ "Słynny reżyser dostał polskie obywatelstwo. "Pragnieniem jego rodziców było, żeby kiedyś został Polakiem"". Onet. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
  167. ^ directorsseries (May 16, 2017). "Darren Aronofsky's Student Films (1991-1994)". THE DIRECTORS SERIES. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
  168. ^ Sharf, Zack (March 17, 2020). "15 Short Films Now Streaming From Great Directors: Nolan, Waititi, and More". IndieWire. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
  169. ^ "10 Crazy Full-Motion Video Game Performances by Well-Respected Actors". March 23, 2017. Archived from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
  170. ^ "Darren Aronofsky a 50 ans ! Vous saviez qu'il avait travaillé sur un jeu vidéo ?". February 12, 2019. Archived from the original on February 24, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
  171. ^ Giardina, Carolyn (June 26, 2023). "How Darren Aronofsky Plans to Immerse Audiences in the First Production for MSG Sphere". hollywoodreporter.com. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  172. ^ "Gotham Awards (1998)". Archived from the original on November 10, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
  173. ^ "1998 Award Winners". Archived from the original on September 27, 2015. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
  174. ^ "2000 Award Winners". Archived from the original on September 27, 2015. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
  175. ^ "45th Valladolid International Film Festival – Seminci 2000". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
  176. ^ "2001 Webby Award Winner". Archived from the original on April 6, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
  177. ^ "Franklin J. Schaffner Award". Archived from the original on September 5, 2015. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
  178. ^ "Stockholm Film Festival Past Winners". Archived from the original on January 15, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
  179. ^ "Chicago International Film Festival 2006". Archived from the original on November 27, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
  180. ^ "10th Annual Golden Tomato Awards". Archived from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved February 19, 2020.
  181. ^ Hayes, Dade (December 13, 2008). "NBR names 'Slumdog' best of year – Variety". Variety. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  182. ^ "Fantasporto 2009". Archived from the original on June 17, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
  183. ^ Child, Ben (August 1, 2010). "Venice film festival opens with Darren Aronofsky's Black Swan". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on March 27, 2014. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
  184. ^ "The 16th Critics' Choice Movie Awards Nominees". Broadcast Film Critics Association. December 19, 2010. Archived from the original on August 30, 2012. Retrieved December 11, 2010.
  185. ^ "Awards Tour: 2011 Gotham Independent Film Awards Nominations". Rotten Tomatoes. November 30, 2010. Archived from the original on December 31, 2010. Retrieved August 18, 2011.
  186. ^ "Chicago Film Critics Awards 2008–2010". Chicago Film Critics Association. Archived from the original on May 10, 2011. Retrieved December 24, 2021.
  187. ^ Soares, Andre (December 13, 2010). "The Social Network, Colin Firth, Michelle Williams: San Francisco Film Critics Winners". Alt Film Guide. Alternative Film Guide. Archived from the original on March 30, 2014. Retrieved September 20, 2011.
  188. ^ Knegt, Peter (December 20, 2010). ""Social Network," "Scott Pilgrim" Lead Wacky Satellite Awards". indieWIRE. Archived from the original on February 22, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2011.
  189. ^ "TFCA Names 'The Social Network' Best Picture of 2010 Winners". Toronto Film Critics Association. December 14, 2010. Archived from the original on February 16, 2011. Retrieved November 21, 2011.
  190. ^ Knegt, Peter (January 11, 2011). "'Social Network,' 'Incendies' Leads Vancouver Critics' Awards". indieWIRE. Archived from the original on October 15, 2011. Retrieved August 28, 2011.
  191. ^ "2010 WAFCA Winners". Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association. December 6, 2010. Archived from the original on October 10, 2011. Retrieved December 24, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  192. ^ "Plus Camerimage 2010". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
  193. ^ "2011 Film Awards Winners and Nominees". British Academy of Film and Television Arts. Archived from the original on January 10, 2011. Retrieved August 28, 2011.
  194. ^ Kilday, Gregg (January 10, 2011). "Darren Aronofsky, Christopher Nolan Among Directors Guild Nominees". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on December 13, 2019. Retrieved February 4, 2014.
  195. ^ "Provincetown International Film Festival Filmmaker on the Edge Award". Archived from the original on September 10, 2015. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
  196. ^ Castillo, Michelle (October 17, 2011). "Scream Awards celebrates 2011's fan favorites". CBS News. CBS. Archived from the original on October 19, 2011. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
  197. ^ "2014 Maverick Awards". Woodstock Film Festival. Archived from the original on October 6, 2018. Retrieved October 5, 2018.
  198. ^ "AWARD WINNERS 2015". Archived from the original on November 22, 2015.
  199. ^ "2015 Filmmaker Award". Archived from the original on September 10, 2015.
  200. ^ Bhushan, Nyay (November 1, 2018). "Mumbai: Thailand's 'Manta Ray,' India's 'Bulbul Can Sing' Win Festival's Top Awards". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on September 23, 2020. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
  201. ^ Voyles, Blake (September 7, 2023). "83rd Peabody Award Winners". Retrieved September 7, 2023.
  202. ^ "The Territory". Television Academy. Retrieved February 7, 2024.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Darren_Aronofsky&oldid=1238452046"