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Tupeni Baba

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Tupeni Baba
Baba in 2022
Deputy Prime Minister of Fiji
In office
May 1999 – 19 May 2000
Serving with Kuini Speed
Prime MinisterMahendra Chaudhry
Prime MinisterLaisenia Qarase
Minister for Foreign Affairs
In office
1999 – 19 May 2000
Preceded byBerenado Vunibobo
Succeeded byKaliopate Tavola
Minister for Education, Youth, and Sport
In office
April 1987 – 14 May 1987
Prime MinisterTimoci Bavadra
Member of the Fijian Parliament
for Samabula Tamavua Open
In office
15 May 1999 – 1 September 2001
Preceded byNone (constituency established)
Succeeded byManoa Dobui
Member of the Fijian Parliament
for Suva Fijian
In office
11 April 1987 – 14 May 1987
Preceded byDavid Toganivalu
Succeeded byNone (Constitution abrogated)
Personal details
Born(1942-06-14)14 June 1942
Colony of Fiji
Died14 July 2024(2024-07-14) (aged 82)
Political partyFiji Labour Party
New Labour Unity Party
Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua
Social Democratic Liberal Party

Tupeni Lebaivalu Baba (14 June 1942 – 14 July 2024) was a Fijian academic, politician, and Cabinet Minister. A founding member of the Fiji Labour Party, he served as a Cabinet Minister in the government of Timoci Bavadra until removed from office by the 1987 Fijian coups d'état, and then one of the two Deputy Prime Ministers in the government of Mahendra Chaudhry[1] until removed from office by the 2000 Fijian coup d'état. After splitting with Choudhry in the wake of the coup, he founded the New Labour Unity Party to contest the 2001 election, but failed to win a seat in Parliament. He unsuccessfully attempting to re-enter politics at the 2006 election under the banner of the Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua, and again at the 2014 election as part of the Social Democratic Liberal Party.

When not in politics, Baba pursued an academic career, first at the University of the South Pacific, then at the University of Auckland's Centre for Pacific Studies, and later at the University of Fiji.

Early life

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Baba was born on 14 June 1942.[2] He was educated at the University of Sydney, graduating with a master's degree in education, before working as an education lecturer at the University of the South Pacific.[3] He later obtained a PhD from Macquarie University in Australia,[3] and while there was highly critical of South Pacific Commission, attacking it as a colonial organisation.[4] He was later appointed registrar at USP,[3] but resigned from the position in December 1984 to return to a teaching role.[5][6]

Political career

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Baba in 1999

Baba was a founding member of the Fiji Labour Party and in 1986 was its vice-president.[7] He ran as a candidate for the Labour-National Federation Party Coalition at the 1987 Fijian general election and was elected to the House of Representatives of Fiji in the Suva Fijian constituency, defeating Deputy Prime Minister David Toganivalu.[8] Timoci Bavadra was appointed Prime Minister, and Baba was appointed Minister of Education, Youth, and Sports in his Cabinet.[3] A month later, the new government was deposed in the first of the 1987 Fijian coups d'état led by Lieutenant Colonel Sitiveni Rabuka. In the aftermath of the coup, he campaigned in Australia[9] and flew to London in an effort to gain support for the ousted government.[10] He was later part of the ousted government's efforts to negotiate a peaceful return to democracy through the Rabuka regime's constitutional review committee.[11]

Baba returned to his academic career at the University of the South Pacific, where he remained until 1999, when he was again elected to Parliament and became Foreign Minister and one of two Deputy Prime Ministers in the government of Mahendra Chaudhry.[12] During the 2000 Fijian coup d'état in which most members of the government were kidnapped by George Speight, Baba's courage as one of the hostages earned him considerable public respect.

Following the coup tensions within the Labour Party caused a split.[13] When the Court of Appeal of Fiji legally overturned the coup in its decision on Republic of Fiji Islands v Prasad, Baba was promoted as the potential leader of a government of national unity from the reconvened parliament.[14]: 441  Choudhry instead advised President Josefa Iloilo to dissolve parliament and call an election to re-establish constitutional rule.[14]: 441  Baba then announced he was forming a new political party to contest the 2001 election.[15] He subsequently launched the New Labour Unity Party in June 2001. Large numbers of anti-Chaudhry dissidents followed him out of the party into the New Labour Unity Party.[16]: 67  The party won only 4.5% of the vote and two seats.[16]: 67  Baba stood in Samabula Tamavua Open, but failed to secure election.[17]

Life outside politics

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Baba waited until 2005 to reiterate and clarify his reasons for leaving the Labour Party. It was no longer the party he had joined under the leadership of Timoci Bavadra in the 1980s, he said on 18 September 2005. Bavadra's vision had been of a multiracial Fiji, but the present leadership of the party could not see past ethnic boundaries. All that was left of Bavadra's party was the name, he said. He expressed disappointment at Chaudhry's failure as Leader of the Opposition to work with Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase on matters of national importance, saying that when the party negotiated with the government at all, it appeared more like a trade union than a political party. In a multiethnic country like Fiji, Baba said, it was imperative that leaders look beyond ethnic boundaries.

On 22 December 2005, Baba said that he would pursue academic and consultancy work after completing his four-year contract at the University of Auckland, which expired at the end of 2005. He was happy to be away from politics, he said, and was not inclined to return to it. He found recent political trends in Fiji depressing, especially the polarization of political parties on ethnic lines. Questioned again by the Fiji Village news service on 16 February, after his return to Fiji, he refused to be drawn on whether he would contest the 2006 election or not, but made it clear that he was no longer affiliated with the FLP.

In May 2005 he published the book Speight of Violence, coauthored by Baba, his partner Unaisi Nabobo-Baba, and New Zealand journalist Michael Field.[18] The book gave a history of the 2000 coup, informed by excerpts from Baba’s secret diary kept while he was a hostage, and generated controversy with its claims that the Labour coalition had been planning to oust Chaudhry before the coup.[19]

2006 return to politics

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In March 2006 the SDL party approached Baba and asked him to be a candidate.[20][21] He was subsequently approved as the party's candidate for the Tamavua Samabula Open Constituency. His appointment was controversial as it bypassed the SDL's normal selection procedures.[22] Following his selection baba denounced the Fiji Labour party and the leadership of Mahendra Chaudhry, saying that the party was negative and had no future and that Fiji needed to end racial politics.[23][24][25] However, he failed to secure a seat in Parliament.[26]

Following the election, Baba was he was appointed to the Senate of Fiji as one of nine nominees of the Fijian government. In October 2006 he was nominated as Fiji's Ambassador to the United Nations.[27] This plan was aborted, however, by the 2006 Fijian coup d'état on 5 December.[28][29] The Military later announced that Baba might face investigation for his alleged links to international fraudster Peter Foster.[30][31]

2014 return to politics

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Following the imprisonment of former Prime Minister and SDL leader Laisenia Qarase in 2012, Baba emerged as a de facto spokesperson for the party.[32] When the SDL was dissolved by the military regime, he helped to found the Social Democratic Liberal Party (SDLP) as its successor.[33][34] He briefly led the party in 2014, but made way for Ro Teimumu Kepa, a high chief and former Cabinet Minister. He was a candidate in the 2014 Fijian general election,[35] but was not elected.

In September 2013 he was one of a number of prominent politicians arrested for protesting against the new constitution imposed by the military regime.[36] He was arrested again and detained for a weekend in September 2016 after participating in a meeting to discuss the country's constitution.[37] No charges were laid.[38][39]

In February 2017 following Sitiveni Rabuka becoming SODELPA leader he resigned from the party[40] and joined the HOPE Party as a advisor.[41]

Death

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Baba died on 14 July 2024, at the age of 82.[42]

References

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Wikiquote has quotations related to Tupeni Baba.
  1. ^ "Timeline". Fiji Labour Party.
  2. ^ Profile of Tupeni Lebaivalu Baba
  3. ^ a b c d "Fiji's younger and smaller cabinet". Pacific Islands Monthly. Vol. 58, no. 6. 1 June 1987. p. 20. Retrieved 10 April 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  4. ^ "EDUCATION: NEW PARTNERSHIP WANTED IN ISLANDS". Pacific Islands Monthly. Vol. 49, no. 2. 1 February 1978. pp. 10–13. Retrieved 13 April 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  5. ^ "People". Pacific Islands Monthly. Vol. 56, no. 5. 1 May 1985. p. 29. Retrieved 13 April 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  6. ^ "People". Pacific Islands Monthly. Vol. 56, no. 9. 1 September 1985. p. 53. Retrieved 13 April 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  7. ^ "SUVA INDEPENDENTS TO JOIN LABOUR?". Pacific Islands Monthly. Vol. 57, no. 3. 1 March 1986. p. 9. Retrieved 13 April 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  8. ^ "FIJI ELECTIONS Mara Government defeated". Pacific Islands Monthly. Vol. 58, no. 5. 1 May 1987. p. 10. Retrieved 13 April 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  9. ^ "Ousted Fijian Ministers will "continue the fight"". Pacific Islands Monthly. Vol. 58, no. 7. 1 July 1987. p. 40. Retrieved 13 April 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  10. ^ "Five union men detained". Canberra Times. 6 June 1987. p. 5. Retrieved 13 April 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  11. ^ "FIJI Former coalition members give hope of peaceful solution". Canberra Times. 14 July 1987. p. 5. Retrieved 13 April 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  12. ^ "Chaudhry's Multi-Party Cabinet (as at May 21, 1999)". Pacific Islands Monthly. Vol. 69, no. 6. 1 June 1999. p. 29. Retrieved 13 April 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  13. ^ "Power battle looming for Mahendra Chaudhry". New Zealand Herald. 19 January 2001. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
  14. ^ a b Tarte, Sandra (2002). "Fiji in Review: Issues and Events, 2001". The Contemporary Pacific. 14 (2): 439–446. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
  15. ^ "Politicians form alliances in lead up to Fiji election". New Zealand Herald. 17 May 2001. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
  16. ^ a b Fraenkel, Jon; Firth, Stewart (2007). "The cycles of party politics". In Fraenkel, Jon; Firth, Stewart (eds.). From Election to Coup in Fiji: The 2006 campaign and its aftermath (PDF). Canberra: ANU Press. pp. 64–77. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
  17. ^ "REPUBLIC OF THE FIJI ISLANDS PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS OF 25 AUGUST TO 1 SEPTEMBER 2001". Psephos. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
  18. ^ "New book about Fiji coup to be launched in New Zealand". RNZ. 12 May 2005. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  19. ^ "Fiji Labour government planned to sack prime minister, Mahendra Chaudhry". RNZ. 19 May 2005. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  20. ^ "Dr Tupeni Baba offered SDL Party ticket". Fiji Times. 17 March 2006. Archived from the original on 17 March 2006.
  21. ^ "Former Labour minister Baba to stand for Fiji's SDL". RNZ. 20 March 2006. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  22. ^ "Baba nomination queried withing Fiji's ruling SDL Party". RNZ. 23 March 2006. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  23. ^ "Former senior Fiji Labour MP says the party has no future, that's why he's now with the SDL". RNZ. 23 March 2006. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  24. ^ "Former Fiji deputy PM Baba calls for end to race politics". RNZ. 23 March 2006. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  25. ^ "Fiji's former deputy prime minister criticises Labour Party". RNZ. 21 April 2006. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  26. ^ "REPUBLIC OF THE FIJI ISLANDS PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS OF 6 MAY 2006". Psephos. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  27. ^ "Fiji names former academic and politician as next ambassador to UN". RNZ. 10 October 2006. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  28. ^ "FIJI CANCELS UN REPRESENTATIVE APPOINTMENT". Pacific Islands Report. 10 January 2007. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016.
  29. ^ "Fiji's military appointed interim administration revokes UN appointment, Dr Tupeni Baba". RNZ. 11 January 2007. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  30. ^ "Fiji: Military vs. Government". Worldpress. 10 November 2006. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  31. ^ "Fiji Military calls for a hold on Dr Baba's appointment to UN". RNZ. 26 October 2006. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  32. ^ "Baba on SDL". Fiji Sun. 14 January 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  33. ^ "SDL says Fiji name change requirement is ridiculous". RNZ. 17 January 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  34. ^ "Fiji's proposed SODELPA party registration 'spot on' so far". RNZ. 13 March 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  35. ^ "SODELPA candidate renews call for Sayed-Khaiyum debate". RNZ. 8 September 2014. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  36. ^ "Fiji police seize political leaders". Stuff. 6 September 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
  37. ^ "Prominent Fijians released after weekend in police cells". RNZ. 12 September 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  38. ^ "No charges for detained prominent Fijians". RNZ. 17 October 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  39. ^ "Former Fiji MP says arrests prompted by 'orders from on high'". RNZ. 18 October 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  40. ^ "Dr Baba resigns from SODELPA". Fiji Times. 2 February 2017. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  41. ^ "Veteran Fijian politician moves from Sodelpa to HOPE". RNZ. 3 February 2017. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  42. ^ Late former Deputy PM Professor Tupeni Baba passes away
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