Vyartsilya
Vyartsilya
Вяртсиля | |
|---|---|
Location of Vyartsilya  | |
  Vyartsilya Location of Vyartsilya  Vyartsilya Vyartsilya (Karelia) | |
| Coordinates: 62°11′N 30°42′E / 62.183°N 30.700°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Republic of Karelia[1] |
| Urban-type settlement status since | 1946 |
| Elevation | 101 m (331 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 3,080 |
| • Subordinated to | town of republic significance of Sortavala[1] |
| • Municipal district | Sortavalsky Municipal District[3] |
| • Urban settlement | Vyartsilskoye Urban Settlement[4] |
| • Capital of | Vyartsilskoye Urban Settlement[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 186757 |
| OKTMO ID | 86610160051 |
Vyartsilya (Russian: Вя́ртсиля; Finnish: Värtsilä) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Sortavala in the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located near the border with Finland, 256 kilometers (159 mi) west of Petrozavodsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 3,080.[2]
History
[edit]An ancient settlement existed in the area of the present settlement as early as the first millennium BC. Its traces were found in 1935 by the Finnish archaeologist Sakari Pälsi.
Vyartsilya was first mentioned in the salary books for 1499–1500 years, the village then numbered three courtyards and was part of the Vodskaya Pyatina of Novgorod Land.
In 1617, according to the Stolbovsky Treaty, the territory on which Vyartsilya was located was transferred by Russia to Sweden.
Later, the settlement became part of the Grand Duchy of Finland of the Russian Empire. In 1834, a small sawmill was built. In 1851, a metallurgical plant was built in Vyartsilya on the site of a sawmill for melting lake and swamp iron ore (it works to this day, but cast iron and steel smelting is no longer produced). The Finnish engineering company Wärtsilä traces its history back to the creation of these enterprises.[7]
Since 1918, it has been part of independent Finland.
During the Soviet-Finnish War of 1939-1940, the village suffered greatly.
Vyartsilya became part of the Karelo-Finnish SSR of the USSR under the terms of the Moscow Treaty of 1940.
Urban-type settlement status was granted to it in 1946.[citation needed]
Administrative and municipal status
[edit]Within the framework of administrative divisions, the urban-type settlement of Vyartsilya is subordinated to the town of republic significance of Sortavala.[1] As a municipal division, Vyartsilya is incorporated within Sortavalsky Municipal District[3] as Vyartsilskoye Urban Settlement.[4]
Border crossing
[edit]Vyartsilya is a major border checkpoint on the Finnish–Russian border (to Niirala in Tohmajärvi), with about one million people crossing the border annually. It is said[by whom?] that during the Cold War, from time to time, exchanges of captured spies occurred there.
Economy
[edit]By the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 29.07.2014 No. 1398-r (ed. dated 24.11.2015) «On approval of the list of monotowns», it is included in the list of single-industry municipalities of the Russian Federation that have risks of deterioration of the socio-economic situation.[8]
The town—forming enterprise of the village is the Vyartsilsky hardware plant for the production of metal products (hardware): wire, nails, metal mesh. There is also a woodworking plant (sawmill) in the village.
There is a hotel and a club hotel for tourists.
Attractions
[edit]- Railway station is an architectural monument of the late XIX century.[9]
- Mass grave of 197 Soviet soldiers who died in July 1941 during the defensive battles of the Soviet-Finnish War (1941-1944). In 1979, a granite monument with a bas-relief image of grieving women was erected on the grave.[10][11]
- Mass graves of Soviet prisoners of war shot by Finnish invaders in 1941–1942. Located 1.5 km from the village, on the left bank of the Yuuvanjoki River. In 1979, a stele of pink Ladoga granite was installed.[11]
- A memorial sign erected in 1992 on the site of the former Lutheran church and the graves of Finnish soldiers who died during the wars of 1918, 1939-1940 and 1941-1944.[12]
- Monument to V. I. Lenin at the entrance to the main entrance of the «Vyartsilsky hardware Factory» (sculptor G. Belyaev, installed in 1957).[13]
- Monument to Nils Ludwig Arppe, founder of the «Vyartsilsky hardware Factory». The monument was opened on August 23, 1936, and consisted of a granite pedestal and a bust. After the war, the bust disappeared, and currently only the granite pedestal has been preserved (located opposite the settlement Administration).[14]
- Orthodox Church of Alexander Nevsky.[15]
Notable people
[edit]- Ales Bialiatski (born 1962), Belarusian human rights activist, 2022 Nobel Peace Prize co-laureate
References
[edit]Notes
[edit]| 2010 Census | 3,080[2] |
|---|---|
| 2002 Census | 3,230[16] |
| 1989 Census | 2,915[17] |
| 1979 Census | 2,935[18] |
- ^ a b c d Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 86 410 560», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 86 410 560, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ a b c Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Федеральное агентство по технологическому регулированию и метрологии. №ОК 033-2013 1 января 2014 г. «Общероссийский классификатор территорий муниципальных образований. Код 86 610». (Federal State Statistics Service. Federal Agency on Technological Regulation and Metrology. #OK 033-2013 January 1, 2014 Russian Classification of Territories of Municipal Formations. Code 86 610. ).
- ^ a b c Law #813-ZRK
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ "The history of Wärtsilä 1834—1990". www.wartsila.com. Archived from the original on December 22, 2010.
- ^ "Распоряжение Правительства РФ от 29.07.2014 № 1398-р «Об утверждении перечня моногородов»" (PDF). government.ru (in Russian). Archived (PDF) from the original on June 15, 2016.
- ^ "Железнодорожный вокзал, XIX век пос. Вяртсиля". www.ticrk.ru (in Russian). Карелия: туристический портал. Archived from the original on January 17, 2020.
- ^ "Братская могила советских воинов". monuments.karelia.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on February 20, 2020.
- ^ a b Великая Отечественная война в Карелии: памятники и памятные места. — Петрозаводск, 2015. — 334 с.: ил.
- ^ "Памятник на месте финского воинского захоронения в поселке Вяртсиля". sortlib.karelia.pro (in Russian). Сортавальская межпоселенческая районная библиотека. Archived from the original on February 20, 2020.
- ^ "Вяртсильское городское поселение. Список объектов культурного наследия". monuments.karelia.ru (in Russian). Республиканский центр по государственной охране объектов культурного наследия. June 18, 2020. Archived from the original on July 5, 2020.
- ^ "Памятник Нильсу Арппе". sortlib.karelia.pro (in Russian). Сортавальская межпоселенческая районная библиотека. Archived from the original on March 22, 2022.
- ^ "Церковь Александра Невского". sobory.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on February 22, 2020.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 г. Национальный состав населения по регионам России [All Union Population Census of 1979. Ethnic composition of the population by regions of Russia] (XLS). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 года [All-Union Population Census of 1979] (in Russian). 1979 – via Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics.
Sources
[edit]- Законодательное Собрание Республики Карелия. Закон №813-ЗРК от 1 ноября 2004 г. «О городских, сельских поселениях в Республике Карелия», в ред. Закона №1694-ЗРK от 2 апреля 2013 г. «О преобразовании муниципальных образований "Нюхчинское сельское поселение" и "Сумпосадское сельское поселение" Беломорского муниципального района и внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Республики Карелия». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: газета "Карелия", №124, 126, 129, 132, 135, 136, 139, 4 ноября — 9 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of the Republic of Karelia. Law #813-ZRK of November 1, 2004 On the Urban, Rural Settlements in the Republic of Karelia, as amended by the Law #1694-ZRK of April 2, 2013 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations of "Nyukhchinskoye Rural Settlement" and "Sumposadskoye Rural Settlement" of Belomorsky Municipal District of the Republic of Karelia and on Amending Various Legislative Acts of the Republic of Karelia. Effective as of the day which is ten days after the day of the official publication.).
