Jump to content

Foreign relations of Kiribati

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Politics of Kiribati
Constitution
Executive
Legislative
Judiciary
Elections
Subdivisions
Foreign relations

Kiribati is a full member of the Commonwealth, the IMF and the World Bank, and became a full member of the United Nations in 1999. Kiribati hosted the Thirty-First Pacific Islands Forum in October 2000. Kiribati has Least Developed Country Status and its interests rarely extend beyond the region. Through accession to the Lomé Convention, then Cotonou Agreement, Kiribati is also a member of the African Caribbean and Pacific Group. Kiribati maintains good relations with most countries and has particularly close ties to Pacific neighbours Japan, Australia, South Korea and New Zealand. Kiribati briefly suspended its relations with France in 1995 over that country's decision to renew nuclear testing in the South Pacific.

Kiribati established diplomatic relations with Taiwan in November 2003, but cut off all relations in September 2019 when Kiribati switched diplomatic recognition to Beijing. Taiwan's foreign minister stated that Kiribati had "unrealistic" expectations from China and ordered the embassy to evacuate.[1]

Regional relations

[edit]

Kiribati maintains strong regional ties in the Pacific. Until recently it was a full member of the Pacific Islands Forum, the South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission, the South Pacific Tourism Organisation, the Pacific Regional Environment Programme and the Secretariat of the Pacific Community. Kiribati is one of the eight signatories of the Nauru Agreement Concerning Cooperation in the Management of Fisheries of Common Interest which collectively controls 25–30% of the world's tuna supply and approximately 60% of the western and central Pacific tuna supply [1]. In 1985, Kiribati was one of the nine initial endorsers of the Treaty of Rarotonga creating the South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty.

Extra-regional relations

[edit]

Kiribati was admitted to the Commonwealth of Nations in 1979 upon its independence, and to the United Nations in 1999.

Additionally outside the region, Kiribati is a member or participant of the ACP (Lomé Convention), the Asian Development Bank, the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Civil Aviation Organization, the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, the International Development Association, the International Finance Corporation, the IMF, International Maritime Organization, International Olympic Committee, International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Universal Postal Union and the World Meteorological Organization. Finally, while Kiribati is not a member of the World Trade Organization, it does retain observer status.

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which Kiribati maintains diplomatic relations with:

# Country Date
1  Australia 12 July 1979[2]
2  Canada 12 July 1979[3]
3  Fiji 12 July 1979[4]
4  Solomon Islands 12 July 1979[5]
5  United Kingdom 12 July 1979[6]
6  Japan 21 March 1980[7]
7  New Zealand 29 April 1980[8]
8  South Korea 2 May 1980[9]
9  Netherlands 6 June 1980[10]
10  China 25 June 1980[11]
11  Germany 1 July 1980[12]
12  Vanuatu 30 July 1980[13]
13  United States 12 August 1980[14]
14  Chile 20 January 1981[15]
15  Malaysia 15 March 1982[16]
16  France 13 October 1982[17]
17  Peru 29 October 1983[18]
18  Portugal 15 November 1983[19]
19  Tuvalu March 1984[20]
20  Israel 21 May 1984[21]
21  Greece 1984[22]
22  India 7 August 1985[23]
23  Papua New Guinea Before 1986[24]
24  Marshall Islands 4 June 1988[25]
25  Federated States of Micronesia 9 December 1988[26]
26  Maldives 20 March 1989[27]
27  Singapore 7 September 1989[28]
28  Russia 5 September 1990[29]
29  Bangladesh Before 1995[30]
30  Nauru Before 1995[30]
—  Holy See 10 April 1995[31]
31  Palau 12 July 1995[32]
32  Italy 7 December 1995[33]
33  South Africa 30 August 1999[34]
34  Philippines 25 March 2000[35]
35  Ireland September 2000[36]
36  Morocco 21 March 2001[37]
37  Cuba 2 September 2002[38]
38   Switzerland 1 June 2004[39]
39  Austria 2004[40][41]
40  Thailand 29 June 2005[42]
41  Iceland 15 September 2005[43]
42  Mexico 13 October 2005[44]
43  Argentina 21 September 2006[45]
44  Czech Republic 27 June 2007[46]
45  Turkey 20 June 2008[47]
46  Brazil 21 September 2010[48]
47  Egypt 25 September 2010[49]
48  Finland 25 March 2011[50]
49  Spain 24 September 2011[43]
50  Gambia 27 September 2012[51]
51  Georgia 28 September 2012[52]
52  Sweden 28 September 2012[53]
53  Indonesia 8 May 2013[54]
—  Cook Islands 3 September 2013[55]
54  Lithuania 15 January 2014[43]
55  Mongolia 15 January 2014[43]
56  Montenegro 17 January 2014[43]
57  Kazakhstan 18 February 2014[43]
58  Kuwait 4 March 2014[43]
59  Monaco 20 June 2014[43]
60  Estonia 4 September 2014[56]
61  Vietnam 15 September 2014[43]
62  Poland 2 March 2015[57]
63  Latvia 10 April 2015[43]
64  Brunei 26 January 2016[58]
65  Qatar 28 March 2016[43]
66  Hungary 17 June 2016[43]
67  Croatia 26 August 2016[43]
68  Seychelles 27 February 2017[59]
69  Jordan 8 August 2017[60]
70  Dominica 22 January 2018[43]
71  Romania 9 July 2018[61]
72  Bahrain 25 September 2018[43]
73  Saint Lucia 25 September 2018[62]
74  Armenia 26 September 2018[63]
75  Tajikistan 5 April 2019[43]
76  Norway 17 August 2019[64]
77  Kyrgyzstan 26 September 2019[43]
78  Nicaragua 17 May 2021[43]
79  Andorra 27 May 2021[43]
80  Pakistan 3 June 2021[43]
81  Slovenia 8 June 2021[43]
82  San Marino 20 August 2021[43]
83  Paraguay 20 October 2021[43]
84  Algeria 29 October 2021[65]
85  Jamaica 26 April 2022[66]
86  Malta 21 September 2022[43]
87  Saudi Arabia 18 December 2023[43]
88  Panama 30 January 2024[43]
89  Oman 2 July 2024[43]
90  Bulgaria 17 July 2024[43]
91    Nepal 17 July 2024[43]
92  Dominican Republic 18 July 2024[43]
93  Belgium Unknown
94  Samoa Unknown
95  Tonga Unknown
96  United Arab Emirates Unknown

Bilateral relations

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Australia 12 July 1979
 China 25 June 1980, broke off 29 November 2003. Restored 27 September 2019.[68]
Main article: China–Kiribati relations
Kiribati President Taneti Mamau and Republic of China President Tsai Ing-wen in May 2016.

Kiribati firstly established diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1980. At that time, Kiribati had been the home to a satellite tracking base for PRC space program from 1997 until 2003.[69] On 7 November 2003, Kiribati established diplomatic relations with the Republic of China (ROC). Although it did not sever ties with the PRC, expressing the intention to continue relations, Beijing suspended ties on 29 November after failed attempts to lobby President Anote Tong to change his mind.

On 9 January 2004, the ROC opened its embassy in Kiribati.[70] On 31 May 2013, Kiribati opened its embassy in Taipei. This was the first ever Kiribati embassy outside of Oceania. Teekoa Iuta became Kiribati's first ambassador to the country.[71] On 20 September 2019, Kiribati switched diplomatic relations from Taiwan to China, effectively cutting all relations to Taiwan.[72] Taiwanese Foreign Minister Joseph Wu said Beijing had used "dollar diplomacy" to influence the Kiribati government.[73]

On 15 July 2023, the Chinese military hospital ship “Peace Ark” made harbor at Tarawa, Kiribati, the first Chinese military vessel to visit Kiribati. The seven-day visit was to include humanitarian and medical assistance, part of China’s effort to build relationships in the region, and was to be followed by stops in Tonga, Vanuatu, the Solomon Islands and East Timor.[74][75]

 Cuba 2 September 2002[76]
Main article: Cuba–Kiribati relations

In the late 2000s, Kiribati began to strengthen its relations with Cuba. Cuba provides medical aid to Kiribati. There are currently sixteen doctors providing specialised medical care in Kiribati, with sixteen more scheduled to join them.[77] Cuban doctors have reportedly provided a dramatic improvement to the field of medical care in Kiribati, reducing the child mortality rate in that country by 80%[78] As of September 2008, over twenty I-Kiribati medical students are studying in Cuba, at Cuba's expense.[79][80]

In September 2008, President Anote Tong attended the first Cuba-Pacific Islands ministerial meeting in Havana. By meeting President Raúl Castro to discuss "mutual friendship and cooperation", he became the first Pacific leader to pay a state visit to Cuba.[79] The two countries signed an agreement on increased cooperation in the field of health.[81]

 France 3 December 1982, broke off 6 September 1995, Restored 6 February 1997
Main article: France–Kiribati relations

The two countries maintain official diplomatic relations, but no diplomatic presence on each other's territory; the French embassy in Suva is accredited to Kiribati.[82]

In 1995, Kiribati briefly suspended its diplomatic relations with France in protest against French nuclear tests at Mururoa in French Polynesia.[83]

 Georgia 28 September 2012
Main article: Georgia–Kiribati relations
  • Georgia is accredited to Kiribati from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.
 Germany 1 July 1980

German shipping companies opened a trade school for seamen in 1967. It exists until today. About I-Kiribati 5,000 seaman work for German shipping companies today.[84]

  • Kiribati has an honorary consul in Hamburg.
  • Germany has no embassy in Tarawa. The German embassy in Wellington is accredited for Kiribati.
 India 6 August 1985
Main article: India–Kiribati relations

Diplomatic relations between Kiribati and India were established on 6 August 1985.[85] At the Post Forum Dialogue partner meeting in 2006, India announced that it would provide a grant-in-aid of US$100,000 annually to each of the 14 Pacific Island countries, including Kiribati.[86] This was increased to US$125,000 from 2009.[87]

 Mexico 13 October 2005
  • Kiribati does not have an accreditation to Mexico.
  • Mexico is accredited to Kiribati from its embassy in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.[88]
 New Zealand 12 July 1979
  • Kiribati has an honorary consulate in Wellington.
  • New Zealand has a high commission in Tarawa.[89]
 South Korea 2 May 1980
Main article: Kiribati–South Korea relations

The Republic of Kiribati and the Republic of Korea have established diplomatic relations on May 2, 1980.

  • Kiribati and South Korea have nice diplomatic relations and others things.[90]
 United Kingdom 12 July 1979

Britain has long-standing historic links with Kiribati. The first British visitor to Kiribati was reputed to be Commodore John Byron in 1765, the immediate predecessor of James Cook's more famous explorations of the Pacific between 1769 and 1779. With the growth of the British settlement in Australia's New South Wales, whaling became a key element of the regional economy, and up to the 1870s British whalers were regular visitors to the waters surrounding Kiribati. Through its network of sovereign posts in the region (Fiji, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea, New Zealand and Australia), the UK maintains bilateral programmes with Kiribati sponsored by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Department for Environment and Department for International Development and other government departments. The UK Government's engagement in Kiribati is largely delivered through the Commonwealth, the European Union and The Asian Development Bank.

 United States 12 August 1980
Main article: Kiribati–United States relations

Following its independence in 1979, Kiribati signed a treaty of friendship with the United States.[91] The United States Department of State characterizes U.S.–Kiribati relations as "excellent", as of 2009.[91] Diplomatic relations are conducted by the I-Kiribati Ambassador to the United States. Although the U.S. does not maintain a diplomatic office or consulate in Kiribati, staff from the American embassy in Suva, Fiji make frequent visits to Kiribati.[91] The U.S. provides economic development assistance through multilateral institutions.[91] From 1967 to 2008, the United States Peace Corps operated in Kiribati.[91]

Aid & Development

[edit]

Kiribati receives development aid from the European Union, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Canada, USA, the Asian Development Bank, UN agencies and (until 2019) Taiwan. In recent years it has accounted for 20–25% of Kiribati's GDP. Recent projects and notable inputs by the EU have included telecommunications (improvement of telephone exchanges and provision of radio and navigation equipment), the development of seaweed as an export crop, solar energy systems for the outer islands, the upgrading of the Control Tower and fire fighting services at Tarawa's Bonriki International Airport, outer island social development, health services and extensive support for the Kiribati Vocational Training Programme. Additionally, Cuba provides doctors, as well as scholarships for I-Kiribati medical students.[79]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Taipei down to 15 allies as Kiribati announces switch of diplomatic ties to Beijing". SCMP. 20 September 2019. Archived from the original on 20 September 2019. Retrieved 20 September 2019.
  2. ^ Australian Representations Overseas, image:70. Australian foreign affairs record.Vol. 50 No. 7 (July 1979). Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  3. ^ "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019". Archived from the original on 7 June 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  4. ^ "Fiji celebrates 40 years of Kiribati's independence". 13 July 2019. Archived from the original on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  5. ^ Briefing Notes for Minister of Foreign Affairs, The Rt. Honourable Sir Peter Kenilorea. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Solomon Islands. 1988. p. 32.
  6. ^ The Diplomatic Service List - Page 92. Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office · 1994.
  7. ^ Daily Report: Asia & Pacific - Issues 51-65 - Page 11. March 1980.
  8. ^ "New Zealand Heads of Overseas Missions - K". mfat.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 22 January 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  9. ^ "Countries & Regions: Kiribati (Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Korea)". Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  10. ^ Jaarboek van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken (in Dutch). Netherlands. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken. 1979. p. 98.
  11. ^ "China Kiribati Notes Establishing Diplomatic Relations". Wikisource. Archived from the original on 7 July 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  12. ^ "Germany and Kiribati: Bilateral relations (Federal Foreign Office of Germany)". Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  13. ^ "Asia/Pacific Division". Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 7 September 2022.
  14. ^ "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Kiribati (Office of the Historian)". Archived from the original on 21 March 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  15. ^ "RELACIONES DIPLOMATICAS DE CHILE CON LOS PAISES DE LA CUENCA DEL PACIFICO (Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Republica de Chile)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  16. ^ Malaysian Digest, 13. Federal Department of Information, Malaysia. 1982. p. 4.
  17. ^ "Liste Chronologique des Ambassadeurs, Envoyés Extraordinaires, Ministres Plénipotentiaires et Chargés D'Affaires de France à L'Étranger Depuis 1945" (PDF) (in French): 72. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2023. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  18. ^ Revista peruana de derecho internacional: órgano de la Sociedad Peruana de Derecho Internacional (in Spanish). Vol. 40. Impr. Torres Aguirre. 1988. p. 343.
  19. ^ "Kiribati Relações Diplomáticas (Portal Diplomatico Republica Portuguesa)". Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  20. ^ Political Handbook of the World 2016-2017. CQ Press. 2017. p. 810.
  21. ^ Keesing's Record of World Events - Volume 33 - Page 35206. Longman. 1987.
  22. ^ "Political Relations". Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  23. ^ Keesing's Record of World Events. Vol. 33. Longman. 1987. p. 35206.
  24. ^ Foreign Affairs Review. Vol. 6. 1986. p. 28.
  25. ^ "LISTING OF ALL COUNTRIES WHICH HAVE ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH THE REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS (As of 13 February 2019)". Archived from the original on 18 July 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
  26. ^ "FSM Diplomatic Relations List". Government of the Federated States of Micronesia. Archived from the original on 25 April 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2022.
  27. ^ "Countries with which the Republic of Maldives has established Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Maldives. 11 May 2023. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  28. ^ "Singapore Government Press Release (National Archives Library 12 Sep. 1989)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  29. ^ "Today Russia and Kiribati celebrate 27th Anniversary of diplomatic relations (Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia)". Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  30. ^ a b Ueantabo Fakaofo Neemia (1995). "Smallness, islandness and foreign policy behaviour: aspects of island microstates foreign policy behaviour with special reference to Cook Islands and Kiribatiю (Thesis) University of Wollongong.Download 02Whole.pdf (4523 kB).Page 229". Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  31. ^ "Diplomatic relations of the Holy See". Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 5 September 2022.
  32. ^ "Countries with which Palau has Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 March 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  33. ^ "Stati di servizio del personale della carriera diplomatica e della dirigenza del ministero degli affari esteri e della cooperazione internazionale che ha cessato di far parte dell'amministrazione dal 1° Gennaio 2000 al 5 Luglio 2016" (PDF) (in Italian). p. 94. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  34. ^ "Bilateral Relations (country profiles listed alphabetically):Kiribati (Department of International Relations & Cooperation Republic of South Africa)". Archived from the original on 13 May 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  35. ^ "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Kiribati celebrate 21 years of formal diplomatic relations today, March 25! (DFA Philippines)". Archived from the original on 23 June 2022. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  36. ^ "Dáil Éireann debate - Tuesday, 24 Oct 2000 Vol. 524 No. 5". Oireachtas. Archived from the original on 2 November 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  37. ^ "Maroc: Rabat établit des relations diplomatiques avec le Kiribati (Panafrican News Agency (Dakar) (fr.allafrica.com)". Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  38. ^ "En Cuba, Presidente de Kiribati" (in Spanish). 13 December 2010. Archived from the original on 8 July 2023. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  39. ^ "Etablissement de relations diplomatiques entre la Suisse et la République de Kiribati (Le Conseil fédéral Le portail du Gouvernement suisse) (in French)". Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  40. ^ Außenpolitischer Bericht 2003 (PDF) (in German). Vienna: bmeia.gv.at. 2003. p. 361. ISBN 3-214-08320-1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 February 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  41. ^ Außenpolitischer Bericht 2004 (PDF) (in German). Vienna: bmeia.gv.at. 2004. p. 354. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 February 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  42. ^ "สาธารณรัฐคิริบาส (Kiribati)(Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Thailand)(in Thai)". Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  43. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad "Diplomatic relations between Kiribati and ..." Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  44. ^ "Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores de Los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, Comunicado de Prensa N° 201 (in Spanish)". Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  45. ^ "Comunicado Conjunto sobre el Establecimiento de Relaciones Diplomáticas entre la República Argentina y la República de Kiribati (Biblioteca Digital de Tratados Argentina)". Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  46. ^ Report on the Foreign Policy of the Czech Republic Between January 2007 and December 2007. Ministry of foreign affairs of the Czech Republic. 2008. p. 339. ISBN 9788086345680. Archived from the original on 27 September 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  47. ^ "Turkey establishes diplomatic relations with Kiribati" (in Turkish). 20 August 2008. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  48. ^ "Nova York - Estabelecimento de Relações Diplomáticas com Kiribati". flickr.com (in Portuguese). 21 September 2010. Archived from the original on 26 September 2023. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
  49. ^ "مصر تقيم علاقات دبلوماسية مع 3 دول جزرية بالمحيط الهادى" (in Arabic). 26 September 2010. Archived from the original on 17 July 2023. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  50. ^ "Countries and regions A–Z". Archived from the original on 30 March 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
  51. ^ "Gambia Establishes Diplomatic Ties With Two Pacific Countries (The Daily Observer". 3 October 2012. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  52. ^ "Diplomatic relations between Georgia and the Kiribati were established on 28 September, 2012. (Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia)". Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  53. ^ "Överenskommelse med Kiribati om upprättande av diplomatiska förbindelser (Sveriges internationella överenskommelser)" (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  54. ^ "Bilateral Cooperation". 6 January 2023. Archived from the original on 7 July 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  55. ^ "Cook Island establishes diplomatic relations with Kiribati, Palau and Marshall Islands". 4 September 2013. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
  56. ^ "Estonia established diplomatic relations with Kiribati". 9 September 2014. Archived from the original on 10 September 2014. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  57. ^ "Today Poland established diplomatic relations with Kiribati". 2 March 2015. Archived from the original on 17 December 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  58. ^ "Kiribati (Ministry of Foreign Affairs Brunei Darussalam)". Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  59. ^ "Seychelles establishes relations with the Republic of Kiribati(Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Tourism - Foreign Affairs Department Republic of Seychelles)". Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  60. ^ "Signing Joint Communiqué on Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and Kiribati (Mission of Jordan to UN)". Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  61. ^ "Establishment of the diplomatic relations with the Republic of Kiribati (Embassy of Romania to the Commonwealth of Australia)". Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  62. ^ "List of countries with which Saint Lucia has established Diplomatic Relations". Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
  63. ^ "Armenia and Kiribati establish diplomatic relations (ARMENPRESS)". Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  64. ^ "Norway and Kiribati sign agreement on diplomatic relations in margins of Pacific Summit successfully chaired (Paul Gulleik Larsen)". Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  65. ^ "Algeria & Kiribati formally established, today, diplomatic relations at a ceremony held at the Permanent Mission of Algeria to the UN in New York (Algeria to the UN)". Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  66. ^ "JAMAICA AND THE REPUBLIC OF KIRIBATI ESTABLISH DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS (Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade Jamaica)". Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  67. ^ "High Commission of Australia in Tarawa". Archived from the original on 14 October 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
  68. ^ "People's Republic of China and Kiribati resumption diplomatic relations". Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
  69. ^ News, Taiwan. "Taiwan News Online － Breaking News, Politics, Environment, Immigrants, Travel, and Health". Taiwan News. Archived from the original on 3 July 2006. Retrieved 29 December 2018. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  70. ^ "Embassy opens in diplomatic ally Kiribati – Taipei Times". www.taipeitimes.com. 10 January 2004. Archived from the original on 1 March 2004. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  71. ^ "Kiribati opens embassy in Taiwan" Archived 12 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Focus Taiwan, 31 May 2013
  72. ^ "Kiribati cuts ties with Taiwan in diplomatic switch to China days after Solomon Islands pivot". ABC News. 20 September 2019. Archived from the original on 20 September 2019. Retrieved 20 September 2019.
  73. ^ "Taiwan loses another ally as Kiribati cuts ties". BBC News. SCMP. 20 September 2019. Archived from the original on 20 September 2019. Retrieved 20 September 2019.
  74. ^ Embassy of the People’s Republic of China in the Republic of Kiribati (17 July 2023). "The Chinese navy hospital ship "Peace Ark" Arrived at Tarawa". ki.china-embassy.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
  75. ^ Tian, Yew Lun (16 July 2023). "Chinese military-run hospital ship arrives in Kiribati". Reuters.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
  76. ^ "President of Kiribati in Cuba on Official Visit. Cuba and Kiribati established diplomatic relations on September 2, 2002". Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
  77. ^ Pacific Magazine: Six More Cuban Physicians To Serve In Kiribati[permanent dead link]
  78. ^ "Cuban doctors reduce Kiribati infant mortality rate by 80 percent". Radio New Zealand International. 19 July 2007. Archived from the original on 24 September 2010. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  79. ^ a b c "Kiribati's Tong Meets Castro, Heads To UN"[permanent dead link], Pacific Magazine, 18 September 2008
  80. ^ "Kiribati discusses medical training with Cuba". Radio New Zealand International. 6 September 2006. Archived from the original on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  81. ^ "Cuba, Kiribati Cooperate in Health"[permanent dead link], Prensa Latina, 18 September 2008
  82. ^ "French Foreign Affairs Ministry". Archived from the original on 25 November 2008. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  83. ^ "Timeline: Kiribati" Archived 6 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine, BBC, 29 April 2009
  84. ^ "Einflusskämpfe im Westpazifik (II), german-foreign-policy.com 5 July 2018". Archived from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  85. ^ Association, Pacific Islands News. "Kiribati says Cooperation with India needs to be Consolidated". Archived from the original on 19 April 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
  86. ^ Crocombe, R. G. (1 January 2007). Asia in the Pacific Islands: Replacing the West. ISBN 9789820203884. Archived from the original on 27 October 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  87. ^ "India-Tuvalu relations, Ministry of external affairs, India" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 April 2016. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
  88. ^ "Relations between Mexico and Malaysia, Kiribati and Nauru (in Spanish)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 November 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
  89. ^ "High Commission of New Zealand in Tarawa". Archived from the original on 24 March 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
  90. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  91. ^ a b c d e Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs (May 2009). "Background Note: Kiribati". United States Department of State website. Archived from the original on 4 June 2019. Retrieved 6 August 2009. Relations between Kiribati and the United States are excellent.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Kiribati&oldid=1236846525"