List of armed conflicts involving Poland against Russia

Armed conflicts between Poland (including the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Civitas Schinesghe ("Duchy of Poland")) and Russia (including the Soviet Union and Kievan Rus') include:

Russian, Soviet, Muscovite,
Ruthenian, or Kievan Rus' victory - 16

Polish or Polish–Lithuanian victory - 15

Another result* - 9

*e.g. result unknown or indecisive/inconclusive, result of internal conflict inside Poland or Russia in which the other intervened, status quo ante bellum, or a treaty or peace without a clear result.

Piast Poland versus Kievan Rus'

Date	Conflict	Piast Poland and allies	Kievan Rus' and allies	Result
981	Vladimir the Great's Polish Campaign [uk; ru]^[1]	Civitas Schinesghe	Kievan Rus'	Kievan Rus' victory^[2]
1018	Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis	Civitas Schinesghe Pro-Sviatopolk Kievan Rus'	Pro-Yaroslav Kievan Rus'	Temporary victory for Poland and Sviatopolk
1022	Yaroslav the Wise's attack on Brest	Civitas Schinesghe	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory
1030–1031	Yaroslav the Wise invasion in Poland^[3](German-Polish War)	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Kievan Rus' victory^[4] Kievan Rus' recovered the Cherven Cities
1065–1069^[5]	Rebellion of Vseslav of Polotsk^[5] Sieges of Pskov and Novgorod (1065–1067)^[5] Battle on the Nemiga River (1067)^[5] Kiev uprising of 1068^[5] Intervention by Bolesław II the Bold (1069)^[5]	Principality of Kiev Principality of Chernigov Principality of Pereyaslavl Kingdom of Poland (1069)	Principality of Polotsk	Allied victory Principality of Polotsk defeated (1067)^[5] Brief Vseslav reign in Kiev (1068–May 1069)^[5] Polish intervention (May 1069)^[5] Restoration of Iziaslav I of Kiev (May 1069)^[5]
1182–1183	War for Brest	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory
1194	Battle of Drohiczyn	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory

Kingdom of Poland versus Galicia–Volhynia (Ruthenia)

Date	Conflict	Poland and allies	Ruthenia and allies	Result
1205	Battle of Zawichost	Duchy of Sandomierz Duchy of Masovia	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Sandomierz–Masovian victory
17 August 1245	Battle of Jarosław (1245)	Galician opposition Kingdom of Hungary Duchy of Kraków	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Ruthenian victory
1280	Kraków campaign of Leo I of Galicia Battle of Goźlice	Kingdom of Poland Duchy of Sandomierz Duchy of Sieradz	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia Golden Horde	Polish victory
1340–1392	Galicia–Volhynia Wars Casus belli: Assassination of Yuri II Boleslav	Kingdom of Poland Ruthenian nobles	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Ruthenian nobles	Compromise Poland incorporated Galicia Lithuania incorportated Volhynia Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia ceased to exist; Ruthenian nobility continued to develop, and Kievan Rus' law had great influence on Statutes of Lithuania

Crown of the Kingdom of Poland versus Principality of Moscow

Date	Conflict	Poland and allies	Moscow and allies	Result
1506	Polish–Muscovite War	Crown of the Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moscow	Polish victory^[6]
1507–1508	Lithuanian-Muscovite War	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Crown of the Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moscow	Inconclusive Moscow gives Liubech to Lithuania Lithuania recognizes the lands lost in the Lithuanian-Muscovite War (1500-1503)
1512–1522	Lithuanian–Muscovite War	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Crown of the Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moscow	Muscovite victory^[7] Muscovy captures Smolensk
1534–1537	Lithuanian-Muscovite War	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Crown of the Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moscow	Peace treaty Muscovy gives Gomel Muscovy gains new fortresses Sebezh, Zavolochye and Velizh

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth versus Tsarist Russia

Date	Conflict	Poland–Lithuania and allies	Russia and allies	Result
1561–1570	Lithuanian–Muscovite War	Crown of the Kingdom of Poland From 1569: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia (or Muscovy)	Russian (Muscovite) victory
1577-1583	Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Principality of Transylvania	Tsardom of Russia (or Muscovy)	Polish–Lithuanian/Swedish/Dano-Norwegian victory Livonia, Courland and Semigallia to Poland–Lithuania.
1605	1st Dimitriad	False Dmitry 1 Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia Russian supporters	Victory of False Dmitry 1
1606	Moscow uprising	False Dmitry 1 Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia Russian supporters	Victory of Shuisky's coalition
1607–1609	2nd Dimitriad	False Dmitry 2 Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia Russian supporters	Government victory^[8]^[9]
1609–1618	Polish–Muscovite War	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia	Polish/Lithuanian victory
Autumn 1632 – Spring 1634	Smolensk War	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia	Polish victory Treaty of Polyanovka
1654–1667	Russo-Polish War	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Crimean Khanate Cossack allies	Tsardom of Russia Cossack allies	Russian victory Treaty of Andrusovo
1704–1706	Civil war in Poland	Warsaw Confederation Sweden	Sandomierz Confederation Tsardom of Russia	Victory of the Warsaw Confederation
10 October 1733 – 3 October 1735	War of the Polish Succession	Poland loyal to Stanisław I France Spain Kingdom of Sardinia Duchy of Parma	Poland loyal to Augustus III Russian Empire Holy Roman Empire Austria Saxony Prussia	Victory for forces (including Russia) supporting Augustus III of Poland
April 1768 – August 5, 1772	War of the Bar Confederation	Bar Confederation France	Russian Empire Royal Regiments	Victory of Russian Empire and Royal Regiments First Partition of Poland
18 May – 27 July 1792	Polish–Russian War of 1792	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Russian Empire	Russian victory Second Partition of Poland
24 March – 30 November 1794	Kościuszko Uprising	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Russian Empire Kingdom of Prussia Habsburg Monarchy	Russian victory Third Partition of Poland

Polish states and rebels versus Russian Empire

Date	Conflict	Polish and allies	Russia and allies	Result
24 June – 14 December 1812	French invasion of Russia, pitched by Napoleon as the "Second Polish War"	France Multiple allies, including Duchy of Warsaw	Russian Empire	Russian victory
3 March 1813 – 30 May 1814	War of the Sixth Coalition	France Multiple allies, including Duchy of Warsaw	Russian Empire and allies	Coalition victory Creation of Congress Poland
29 November 1830 – 21 October 1831	November Uprising	Congress Poland	Russian Empire	Russian government victory
22 January 1863 – 18 June 1864	January Uprising	Polish National Government and multicultural insurgents Garibaldi Legion	Russian Empire	Russian government victory
1905–1907	Revolution in the Kingdom of Poland	Polish revolutionaries	Russian Empire	Russian government victory

Poland versus Soviet Union

Date	Conflict	Poland and allies	Soviet Union and allies	Result
18 November 1918 – February 1919	Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919	Poland Ukraine Belarus Estonia Latvia Lithuania Romania White Movement Ober Ost Supported by United Kingdom	Russian SFSR	Polish victory Start of the Polish-Soviet War
14 February 1919 – 18 March 1921	Polish–Soviet War	Second Polish Republic Ukrainian People's Republic	Russian SFSR Ukrainian SSR Byelorussian SSR Polrewkom	Polish victory Peace of Riga
17 September – 6 October 1939	Soviet invasion of Poland	Poland	Soviet Union Germany	Soviet-Nazi victory
1944 – 1953	Anti-communist resistance in Poland	Cursed soldiers	Soviet Union Polish People's Republic	Communist victory
1956	Polish October (emerging out of De-Stalinization)	Polish People's Republic Puławians (pro-reform faction)	Polish People's Republic Natolinians (anti-reform faction) Soviet Union (concerned reforms might turn anti-Soviet; threatened invasion)	Pro-reform victory Soviet Union did not invade End of the Stalinist era in Poland
1981–1983	Martial law in Poland	Solidarity Polish government-in-exile	Polish People's Republic Soviet Union	Polish pro-Soviet government victory Protests suppressed
1988–1989	Second "Solidarity" movement	Solidarity Pro-reform faction	Soviet Union Anti-reform faction	Fall of pro-Soviet communism in Poland Soviet Union ceased efforts to keep pro-Soviet communist regime in power April 1989: Polish Round Table Agreement legalised trade unions, political parties and free elections Landslide Solidarity victory in 1989 election

¹ Originally a Polish civil war that Russia, among others, became involved in.
² Originally a Hungarian revolution but was joined with Polish force on Hungarian side against Austria and Russia.
³ Part of the broader Russian Revolution of 1905.

Notes

References

^ В. Д. Королюк. К вопросу об отношениях Руси и Польши в X веке. АН СССР, Институт славяноведения. Краткие сообщения. № 9. М., 1952. С. 47. Дата обращения: 9 марта 2019. Архивировано 28 января 2021 года.
^ Щавелева Н.И. Древняя Русь в "Польской истории" Яна Длугоша М. 2004. с.230
^ Dimnik M. Yaroslav Vladimirovich (англ.) // Encyclopedia of Russian History / Ed.-in-Chief J. R. Millar. — New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. — P. 1702. — ISBN 0-02-865907-4.
^ Королюк В.Д. Западные славяне и Киевская Русь в X—XI вв. — М.: Наука, 1964. — 383 с.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Martin 2007, p. 31.
^ Starbäck, Carl Georg (1891). "Berättelser ur svenska historien". I detta senare senare rike hade en konung Sigismund bestigit tronen i December 1506 och kom snart i krig med Ryssland, emedan han ville återta Smolensk, som en förrädare öfverlemnat åt Wasilej. Sigismund förde kriget med lycka, besegrade gång efter annan den ryska hären och återtog Smolensk. Svante Sture omtalar i bref till erkebiskopen den polske konungens segrar och önskar honom lycka.
^ Карамзин Н. М. История государства Российского. — СПб.: Тип. Н. Греча, 1816—1829. — Т. 7.
^ Gumilev 2023, p. 375-376.
^ After the final defeat, he was killed by the Tatars in 1610

Sources

Gumilev, Lev (2023) [1992]. От Руси к России [For Rus' to Russia]. Эксклюзивная классика (revised ed.). Moscow: AST. ISBN 978-5-17-153845-3.

[1] В. Д. Королюк. К вопросу об отношениях Руси и Польши в X веке. АН СССР, Институт славяноведения. Краткие сообщения. № 9. М., 1952. С. 47. Дата обращения: 9 марта 2019. Архивировано 28 января 2021 года.

[2] Щавелева Н.И. Древняя Русь в "Польской истории" Яна Длугоша М. 2004. с.230

[3] Dimnik M. Yaroslav Vladimirovich (англ.) // Encyclopedia of Russian History / Ed.-in-Chief J. R. Millar. — New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. — P. 1702. — ISBN 0-02-865907-4.

[4] Королюк В.Д. Западные славяне и Киевская Русь в X—XI вв. — М.: Наука, 1964. — 383 с.

[FOOTNOTEMartin200731-5] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Martin 2007, p. 31.

[6] Starbäck, Carl Georg (1891). "Berättelser ur svenska historien". I detta senare senare rike hade en konung Sigismund bestigit tronen i December 1506 och kom snart i krig med Ryssland, emedan han ville återta Smolensk, som en förrädare öfverlemnat åt Wasilej. Sigismund förde kriget med lycka, besegrade gång efter annan den ryska hären och återtog Smolensk. Svante Sture omtalar i bref till erkebiskopen den polske konungens segrar och önskar honom lycka.

[7] Карамзин Н. М. История государства Российского. — СПб.: Тип. Н. Греча, 1816—1829. — Т. 7.

[FOOTNOTEGumilev2023375-376-8] Gumilev 2023, p. 375-376.

[9] After the final defeat, he was killed by the Tatars in 1610

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