Jump to content

Lyft

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Lyft, Inc.
Company typePublic
IndustryVehicle for hire
FoundedJune 9, 2012; 12 years ago (2012-06-09) (as Zimride)
Founders
HeadquartersSan Francisco, California, U.S.
Area served
  • United States
  • Canada
Key people
RevenueIncrease US$4.40 billion (2023)
Negative increase US$−476 million (2023)
Negative increase US$−340 million (2023)
Total assetsIncrease US$4.56 billion (2023)
Total equityIncrease US$541 million (2023)
Number of employees
2,945 (2023)
SubsidiariesMotivate
Websitelyft.com
Footnotes / references
[1]
Lyft's pink car mustache
Lyft's distinctive pink mustache was the first branding the company used until 2015 when it switched to a smaller, glowing magenta mustache that sits on a driver's dashboard.

Lyft, Inc. is an American company offering mobility as a service, ride-hailing, vehicles for hire, motorized scooters, a bicycle-sharing system, rental cars, and food delivery in the United States and select cities in Canada.[1][2] Lyft sets fares, which vary using a dynamic pricing model based on local supply and demand at the time of the booking and are quoted to the customer in advance, and receives a commission from each booking. Lyft is the second-largest ridesharing company in the United States after Uber.[1]

Lyft classifies its drivers as independent contractors, a practice that has drawn criticism and legal challenges because it allows the company to withhold worker protections that it would have been required to provide to employees.[3][4] Studies have shown that, especially in cities where it competes with public transport, Lyft contributes to traffic congestion, reduces public transport use, has no substantial impact on vehicle ownership, and increases automobile dependency.[5][6][7]

History[edit]

A Lyft vehicle in Santa Monica, California, with the original grill-stache branding, since retired

Lyft was launched in the summer of 2012 by computer programmers Logan Green and John Zimmer as a service of Zimride, a long-distance intercity carpooling company focused on college transport that they founded in 2007 after Green shared rides from the University of California, Santa Barbara campus to visit his girlfriend in Los Angeles and was seeking an easier way to share rides.[8][9]

In May 2013, the company changed its name from Zimride to Lyft.[10] In July 2013, Lyft sold the original Zimride service to Enterprise Holdings, the parent company of Enterprise Rent-A-Car.[11]

Lyft's marketing strategy included large pink furry mustaches that drivers attached to the front of their cars and encouraging riders to sit in the front seat and fist bump with drivers upon meeting.[12] In November 2014, the company distanced itself from the fist bump.[13][14] In January 2015, Lyft introduced a small, glowing plastic dashboard mustache it called a "glowstache" as an alternative to the large fuzzy mustaches on the front of cars. The transition was to help overcome the resistance of some riders to arrive at destinations, such as business meetings, in a car with a giant mustache.[15]

In August 2014, the company introduced shared transport.[16]

In December 2017, Lyft expanded into Canada, with operations in the Toronto, Hamilton and Ottawa metropolitan areas.[17]

In March 2018, Lyft partnered with Allscripts on a platform allowing healthcare providers to arrange rides for patients who lack transportation to appointments with plans to roll out the service to 2,500 hospitals, 180,000 physicians, and approximately 7 million patients.[18][19] Lyft acquired Motivate, a bicycle-sharing system and the operator of Capital Bikeshare and Citi Bike, in November 2018.[20][21] The company also announced plans to add 28,000 Citi Bikes and expand its service.[22]

In March 2019, Lyft became a public company via an initial public offering, raising $2.34 billion at a valuation of $24.3 billion.[23] The company set aside some shares to be given to long-time drivers.[24]

In March 2020, Lyft acquired Halo Cars which pays drivers to display digital advertisements on their vehicles.[25] In April 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, Lyft laid off 982 employees and furloughed an additional 288 to reduce operating expenses.[26] The company continued to offer scooters for rent in San Francisco, while Miami government asked Lyft to halt operations.[27]

In August 2020, Lyft partnered with rental car company Sixt to provide users access rental cars, in exchange for a commission. Most of the rental cars are owned and operated by Sixt, with 85 locations in the U.S.[28][29]

In December 2020, Lyft announced plans to launch a multi-city U.S. robotaxi service with Motional.[30] Lyft sold its self-driving car division to Toyota for $550 million in April 2021.[31][32] The division had partnerships with General Motors,[33][34] NuTonomy,[35] Ford Motor Company,[36][37] GoMentum Station,[38] and Magna International.[39] It also owned Blue Vision Labs, a London-based augmented reality startup, acquired in 2018 for $72 million.[40]

In April 2022, Lyft announced an agreement to acquire PBSC Urban Solutions, a Canadian bike-share equipment and technology supplier.[41] In November 2022, the company announced layoffs of approximately 700 employees, or about 13% of its staff.[42]

In March 2023, David Risher was named CEO of the company.[43][44]

In April 2023, the company announced layoffs of 1,076 corporate workers, or 26% of its staff. This came after job cuts announced in July and November 2022.[45][46][47]

In September 2023, Lyft discontinued Lyft Rentals and stopped offering car rental services. [48]

Criticism[edit]

The legality of ridesharing companies by jurisdiction varies; in some areas they are considered to be illegal taxicab operations.

See also: Sharing economy § Criticism, and Temporary work § Legal issues
Airports in California, such as the San Francisco International Airport, regulate where TNC (Transportation Network Companies - the legal term for rideshare companies in California) vehicles may pick up, drop off, or wait for passengers.

Criticism from taxi companies and taxi drivers[edit]

Values of taxi medallions, transferable permits or licenses authorizing the holder to pick up passengers for hire, have declined in value significantly. In 2018, this led to failures by credit unions that lent money secured by taxi medallions[49] and suicides by taxi drivers.[50][51]

Legal cases by taxi companies and taxi drivers[edit]

No lawsuit against Uber in which the plaintiffs were taxi companies has ended with a judgment in favor of the taxis. The only case that proceeded to trial, Anoush Cab, Inc. v. Uber Technologies, Inc., No. 19-2001 (1st Cir. 2021), which alleged that Uber caused asset devaluation by competing unfairly, resulted in a full verdict for Uber.[52]

Flywheel, the largest operator of taxis in San Francisco, sued Uber in 2016, alleging antitrust violations and predatory pricing.[53] In 2021, a federal judge threw out the bulk of the case and Uber settled the remainder of the case by integrating Flywheel taxis into its mobile app.[54]

In 2019, 6,000 taxi drivers, represented by law firm Maurice Blackburn, filed a lawsuit against Uber in Australia alleging illegal taxi operations and financial harm.[55][56][57] A trial is scheduled for March 2024.[58]

Driver classification under employment law[edit]

Unless otherwise required by law, ridesharing companies have classified drivers as independent contractors and not employees under employment law, arguing that they receive certain flexibilities not generally received by employees. This affects taxation, working time, employee benefits, unemployment benefits, and overtime benefits and has been challenged legally.[59]

Jurisdictions in which drivers must receive the classification of "employees" include the United Kingdom (after the case of Aslam v Uber BV which was decided by the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom),[60][61] Switzerland,[62] New Jersey,[63] and the Netherlands.[64][65] California Assembly Bill 5 (2019) was passed to force drivers to be classified as employees in California, although ridesharing companies received an exemption by 2020 California Proposition 22, a ballot initiative.[66] Ridesharing companies spent tens of millions of dollars on the campaign.[67][68]

Compliance with minimum wage laws[edit]

Some drivers earn rates that are below minimum wage; as a result, in some jurisdictions, laws were passed to guarantee drivers a minimum wage before and after expenses.[69]

Safety issues[edit]

Crimes have been committed by rideshare drivers[70] as well as by individuals posing as rideshare drivers who lure unsuspecting passengers to their vehicles by placing an emblem on their car or by claiming to be a passenger's expected driver.[71] The latter led to the murder of Samantha Josephson and the introduction of Sami’s Law. Ridesharing companies have been accused of not taking necessary measures to prevent sexual assault.[72][73] They have been fined by government agencies for violations in their background check processes.[74][75][76]In 2019, more than 34 women sued Lyft in the United States alleging that they were raped or assaulted by Lyft drivers, and that the company did not do enough to keep them safe[77] and that Lyft attracts drivers that plan to prey on vulnerable women.[78] Many women claim that, even after they reported their assault to Lyft, the company ignored their report and continued to allow the assailants to drive with Lyft.[79]

Ridesharing has also been criticized for encouraging or requiring phone use while driving. To accept a fare, some apps require drivers to tap their phone screen, usually within 15 seconds after receiving a notification, which is illegal in some jurisdictions since it could result in distracted driving.[80]

Ridesharing vehicles in many cities routinely obstruct bicycle lanes while picking up or dropping off passengers, a practice that endangers cyclists.[81][82][83]

Price fixing allegations[edit]

In the United States, drivers do not have any control over the fares they charge. A lawsuit filed in California, Gill et al. v. Uber Technologies, Inc. et al., alleged that this is a violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890; the lawsuit was forced to arbitration.[84]

Insufficient accessibility[edit]

Ridesharing has been criticized for providing inadequate accessibility measures for disabled people, in violation of local laws.

In some areas, vehicle for hire companies are required by law to have a certain amount of wheelchair accessible vans (WAVs) in use. However, most drivers do not own a WAV, making it hard to comply with the laws.[85]

While ridesharing companies require drivers to transport service animals, drivers have been criticized for refusal to transport service animals, which, in the United States, is in violation of the Americans with Disabilities Act. In 2021, an arbitrator awarded $1.1 million to a visually impaired passenger who travels with a guide dog because she was denied rides 14 separate times.[86]

Bias against passengers in certain demographic groups[edit]

Complaints that drivers have not accepted ride requests from passengers in certain demographic groups has led some ridesharing companies to hide passenger identities until the ride request is accepted by the driver. A 2018 study in Washington, D.C. found that drivers cancelled ride requests from African Americans and LGBT and straight ally passengers (indicated by a rainbow flag) more often, but cancelled at the same rate for women and men. The higher cancellation rate for African American passengers was somewhat attenuated at peak times, when financial incentives were higher.[87][88]

Traffic congestion[edit]

Studies have shown that especially in cities where it competes with public transport, ridesharing contributes to traffic congestion, reduces public transport use, has no substantial impact on vehicle ownership, and increases automobile dependency.[5][89][6][7]

Dead mileage specifically causes unnecessary carbon emissions and traffic congestion.[90] A study published in September 2019 found that taxis had lower rider waiting time and vehicle empty driving time, and thus contribute less to congestion and pollution in downtown areas.[91] However, a 2018 report noted that ridesharing complements public transit.[92] A study published in July 2018 found that Uber and Lyft are creating more traffic and congestion.[93][94][95] A study published in March 2016 found that in Los Angeles and Seattle the passenger occupancy for Uber services is higher than that of taxi services, and concluded that Uber rides reduce congestion on the premise that they replace taxi rides.[96] Studies citing data from 2010 to 2019 found that Uber rides are made in addition to taxi rides, and replace walking, bike rides, and bus rides, in addition to the Uber vehicles having a low average occupancy rate, all of which increases congestion. This increase in congestion has led some cities to levy taxes on rides taken with ridesharing companies.[97] Another study shows that the surge factor pricing mechanism used for ridehailing services are informative for predicting taxi bookings as well, and that taxis incorporating this relative price can improve allocative efficiency and demand prediction.[98]

A study published in July 2017 indicated that the increase in traffic caused by Uber generates collective costs in lost time in congestion, increased pollution, and increased accident risks that can exceed the economy and revenue generated by the service, indicating that, in certain conditions, Uber might have a social cost that is greater than its benefits.[99]

Unwanted text messages[edit]

In November 2018, Lyft settled a class action suit filed in 2014 alleging that the company had sent large numbers of unwanted commercial text messages.[100] In addition to $4 million in payments to consumers, the plaintiffs sought $1 million in legal fees.[101]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Lyft, Inc. 2023 Form 10-K Annual Report". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. February 20, 2024.
  2. ^ "Lyft: A ride whenever you need one". lyft.com. Archived from the original on February 15, 2023. Retrieved February 15, 2023.
  3. ^ Sainato, Michael (August 27, 2021). "'I don't like being treated like crap': gig workers aim to retool a system they say is rigged". The Guardian. Archived from the original on October 31, 2021.
  4. ^ Luna, Taryn (November 4, 2020). "California voters approve Prop. 22, allowing Uber and Lyft drivers to remain independent contractors". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 4, 2021.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b Wolfe, Sean (July 27, 2018). "Uber and Lyft are creating more traffic and congestion instead of reducing it, according to a new report". Business Insider. Archived from the original on October 19, 2020. Retrieved December 17, 2018.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b Andrew J. Hawkins (August 6, 2019). "Uber and Lyft finally admit they're making traffic congestion worse in cities". The Verge. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved October 30, 2021.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b Eliot Brown (February 15, 2020). "The Ride-Hail Utopia That Got Stuck in Traffic". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved October 30, 2021.
  8. ^ Farr, Christina (May 23, 2013). "Lyft team gets $60M more; now it must prove ride-sharing can go global". VentureBeat. Archived from the original on July 27, 2017. Retrieved September 4, 2017.
  9. ^ Green, Tomio (May 23, 2013). "Lyft Raises $60 Million As Ride Sharing Competition Heats Up". Forbes. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved September 4, 2017.
  10. ^ Lagorio-Chafkin, Christine (June 24, 2017). "How Lyft's Founders Listened to Their Gut (and Not Their Mentor)". Inc. Archived from the original on April 15, 2019. Retrieved April 13, 2019.
  11. ^ Gannes, Liz (July 12, 2013). "Lyft Sells Zimride Carpool Service to Rental-Car Giant Enterprise". All Things Digital. Archived from the original on July 15, 2013. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
  12. ^ Fiegerman, Seth (December 22, 2014). "Why Lyft is trimming its pink mustache". Mashable. Archived from the original on April 2, 2019. Retrieved April 13, 2019.
  13. ^ Deamicis, Carmel (November 26, 2014). "Lyft distances itself from the fist bump". GigaOm. Archived from the original on March 30, 2019. Retrieved April 13, 2019.
  14. ^ Lien, Tracey (November 28, 2014). "Lyft distances itself from fist bump during busiest week yet". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on August 4, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2019.
  15. ^ VanHemert, Kyle (January 20, 2015). "Lyft Is Finally Ditching the Furry Pink Mustache". Wired. Archived from the original on February 11, 2017. Retrieved April 9, 2017.
  16. ^ Lawler, Ryan (August 6, 2014). "With Lyft Line, Passengers Can Split Fares For Shared Rides". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on July 5, 2017. Retrieved September 4, 2017.
  17. ^ Etherington, Darrell (November 13, 2017). "Lyft's first market outside the U.S. will be Canada with a December launch in Toronto". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on November 15, 2017. Retrieved November 14, 2017.
  18. ^ della Cava, Marco (March 5, 2018). "Lyft deal with Allscripts lets 180,000 doctors call rides for their patients". USA Today. Archived from the original on March 5, 2018. Retrieved March 5, 2018.
  19. ^ LaVito, Angelica (March 5, 2018). "Lyft and Allscripts want to make it easier to get people to the doctor's office". CNBC. Archived from the original on September 25, 2018. Retrieved April 13, 2019.
  20. ^ Ghose, Carrie (December 3, 2018). "Lyft completes acquisition of Portland's bike-share program operator". American City Business Journals. Archived from the original on January 17, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2019.
  21. ^ Stampler, Laura (November 29, 2018). "Lyft Inks Deal With N.Y.C. and Becomes Largest Bike-Share Service in U.S." Fortune. Archived from the original on April 11, 2019. Retrieved April 13, 2019.
  22. ^ Berger, Paul (November 29, 2018). "Lyft to Add 28,000 Citi Bikes and Expand Service". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on November 30, 2018. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  23. ^ "Lyft valued at $24.3 billion in first ride-hailing IPO". Reuters. March 29, 2019. Archived from the original on March 29, 2019. Retrieved September 10, 2019.
  24. ^ "Lyft Announces Driver Bonuses and Directed Share Program Opportunity" (Press release). PR Newswire. March 1, 2019. Archived from the original on March 21, 2019. Retrieved March 21, 2019.
  25. ^ Tullman, Anya (March 3, 2020). "Lyft buys Halo Cars, a startup founded by four Penn students in 2018". The Daily Pennsylvanian.
  26. ^ "Lyft, Inc. Form 8-K". April 29, 2020. Archived from the original on September 20, 2020. Retrieved December 14, 2020 – via U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
  27. ^ Hawkins, Andrew J. (March 20, 2020). "Electric scooter-sharing grinds to a halt in response to the COVID-19 pandemic". The Verge. Archived from the original on May 19, 2020. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
  28. ^ Goldstein, Michael. "Lyft Gets Into The Rental Car Business With Partner SIXT". Forbes. Archived from the original on August 10, 2020.
  29. ^ Korosec, Kirsten. "Lyft expands its rental business with Sixt partnership". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on August 17, 2020.
  30. ^ Lienert, Paul (December 16, 2020). "Lyft, Motional to launch multi-city U.S. robotaxi service in 2023". Reuters. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  31. ^ Bellon, Tina; Yamamitsu, Eimi (April 26, 2021). "Toyota to buy Lyft unit in boost to self-driving plans". Reuters.
  32. ^ McFarland, Matt (March 5, 2018). "Lyft's quiet CEO Logan Green opens up on his wild ride". CNN. Archived from the original on August 9, 2020. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
  33. ^ Trousdale, Steve (January 5, 2016). "GM invests $500 million in Lyft, sets out self-driving car partnership". Reuters. Archived from the original on April 5, 2019.
  34. ^ Kokalitcheva, Kia (May 5, 2016). "GM and Lyft Will Test Self-Driving Taxis Within the Next Year". Fortune. Archived from the original on July 13, 2016.
  35. ^ Hawkins, Andrew J. (June 6, 2017). "Lyft teams up with NuTonomy to put 'thousands' of self-driving cars on the road". The Verge. Archived from the original on July 5, 2017.
  36. ^ Isaac, Mike (September 27, 2017). "Lyft Adds Ford to Its List of Self-Driving Car Partners". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 29, 2017.
  37. ^ Hawkins, Andrew J. (September 27, 2017). "Ford and Lyft will work together to deploy autonomous cars". The Verge. Archived from the original on April 14, 2019.
  38. ^ Crum, Rex (March 8, 2018). "Lyft's self-driving technology finds momentum in Concord". The Mercury News. Archived from the original on March 10, 2018.
  39. ^ Kerr, Dara (March 14, 2018). "Lyft is building self-driving tech that can go in any car". CNET. Archived from the original on March 15, 2018.
  40. ^ Hawkins, Andrew J. (October 23, 2018). "Lyft unveils a new self-driving car and acquires an AR startup". The Verge. Archived from the original on November 1, 2018.
  41. ^ Bellan, Rebecca (April 20, 2022). "Lyft doubles micromobility footprint with PBSC acquisition". TechCrunch.
  42. ^ Rana, Preetika; Glazer, Emily (November 3, 2022). "Lyft to Lay Off About 700 Employees in Second Round of Job Cuts". The Wall Street Journal.
  43. ^ Glazer, Preetika Rana, Lauren Thomas and Emily (March 27, 2023). "Lyft Hires New CEO as Founders Step Back Amid Struggles With Competition". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved April 3, 2023.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  44. ^ Genovese, Daniella (August 15, 2023). "Lyft CEO buys $1.15M of company stock: 'I am putting my money where my mouth is'". FOXBusiness. Retrieved August 17, 2023.
  45. ^ Goswami, Rohan (April 27, 2023). "Lyft to cut 1,072 employees, or 26% of its workforce". CNBC.
  46. ^ Korosec, Kirsten (April 21, 2023). "Lyft to make 'significant' cuts across ride-hailing company". TechCrunch. Retrieved April 21, 2023.
  47. ^ Rana, Preetika; Thomas, Lauren; Glazer, Emily (April 21, 2023). "Lyft to Cut at Least 1,200 Jobs in New Round of Layoffs to Reduce Costs". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved April 21, 2023.
  48. ^ Rafter, Alex (December 11, 2019). "Introducing Lyft Rentals". Lyft. Retrieved December 17, 2023. Update: As of September 1, 2023 Lyft Rentals no longer offers car rental services.
  49. ^ Ghosh, Palash (October 1, 2018). "Taxi medallion losses drive another credit union out of business". American Banker.
  50. ^ Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (December 2, 2018). "Why Are Taxi Drivers in New York Killing Themselves?". The New York Times.
  51. ^ Siemaszko, Corky (June 7, 2018). "In the shadow of Uber's rise, taxi driver suicides leave cabbies shaken". NBC News.
  52. ^ "Anoush Cab, Inc. v. Uber Technologies, Inc., No. 19-2001 (1st Cir. 2021)". Justia. 2021.
  53. ^ Dickey, Megan Rose (November 2, 2016). "San Francisco taxi company sues Uber for "predatory pricing tactics"". TechCrunch.
  54. ^ Leonard, Mike (December 13, 2021). "Uber Resolves San Francisco Cab Company's Predatory Pricing Suit". Bloomberg Law.
  55. ^ "Uber class action: taxi and hire-car drivers join lawsuit against company". The Guardian. Australian Associated Press. May 3, 2019. Archived from the original on March 30, 2022.
  56. ^ Xu, Vicky Xiuzhong (May 3, 2019). "Australian Taxi Drivers Sue Uber Over Lost Wages in Class-Action Lawsuit". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 30, 2022.
  57. ^ "Uber sued by thousands of Australian taxi drivers in class action". CNBC. Reuters. May 2, 2019.
  58. ^ "Uber class action". Maurice Blackburn.
  59. ^ Sainato, Michael (August 27, 2021). "'I don't like being treated like crap': gig workers aim to retool a system they say is rigged". The Guardian. Archived from the original on October 31, 2021.
  60. ^ Thompson, Rachel (February 19, 2021). "Uber loses its final appeal in UK Supreme Court in landmark ruling". Mashable. Archived from the original on February 19, 2021.
  61. ^ Korosec, Kirsten; Lomas, Natasha (March 17, 2021). "Uber says it will treat UK drivers as workers in wake of Supreme Court ruling". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on April 8, 2021.
  62. ^ "Swiss authorities say Uber drivers should be treated as 'employees'". Swissinfo. March 19, 2018. Archived from the original on October 11, 2020.
  63. ^ "Uber has to pay New Jersey nearly $650 million in employment taxes". Engadget. November 14, 2019. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021.
  64. ^ Lomas, Natasha (September 13, 2021). "Dutch court finds Uber drivers are employees". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on October 31, 2021.
  65. ^ Keane, Jonathan (September 13, 2021). "Uber Hit By Dutch Ruling That Deems Drivers Employees". Forbes. Archived from the original on October 31, 2021.
  66. ^ Luna, Taryn (November 4, 2020). "California voters approve Prop. 22, allowing Uber and Lyft drivers to remain independent contractors". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 4, 2021.
  67. ^ HILTZIK, MICHAEL (September 8, 2020). "Column: Uber and Lyft just made their campaign to keep exploiting workers the costliest in history". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 4, 2020.
  68. ^ "Late Contribution Report". Secretary of State of California. Archived from the original on September 12, 2020.
  69. ^ Ongweso Jr., Edward (January 21, 2021). "New Study Finds Chicago Uber and Lyft Drivers Are Paid Below Minimum Wage". Vice. Archived from the original on October 30, 2021.
  70. ^ Hook, Leslie; Solomon, Erika; Ram, Aliya (December 19, 2017). "Beirut killing reignites concerns about Uber safety". Financial Times. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  71. ^ Healy, Jack (April 4, 2019). "They Thought It Was Their Uber. But the Driver Was a Predator". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 21, 2020. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  72. ^ Holmes, Aaron (October 25, 2019). "More than 30 women are suing Lyft, saying the company didn't do enough to protect them from sexual assault and kidnapping". Business Insider. Archived from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  73. ^ Kerr, Dara (October 24, 2019). "Lyft is fostering a sexual assault 'epidemic,' victims say". CNET. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  74. ^ Yurieff, Kaya (November 20, 2017). "Uber fined $8.9 million in Colorado for problematic background checks". CNN. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  75. ^ "Lyft fined after hiring driver with felony convictions". KKTV. January 13, 2018. Archived from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  76. ^ Spielman, Fran (February 6, 2020). "Aldermen crack down on ride-hailing safety". Chicago Sun Times. Archived from the original on March 11, 2020. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  77. ^ Ronayne, Kathleen (August 29, 2019). "Rideshare, delivery apps pledge $90M California ballot fight". Associated Press. Archived from the original on September 28, 2019.
  78. ^ Kerr, Dara (October 24, 2019). "Lyft is fostering a sexual assault 'epidemic,' victims say". CNET. Archived from the original on November 2, 2019.
  79. ^ "Lyft and Uber Are Having a Terrible, Awful, No-Good Time from CYBER". Stitcher Radio. Archived from the original on December 14, 2020.
  80. ^ Jacks, Timna (January 11, 2019). "Uber drivers complain they are forced to break the law to do their job.So that means that the drivers put the passenger in danger to which is against the law". Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2019.
  81. ^ Annear, Steve (March 1, 2019). "'Fed up' cyclists send letter to Uber, Lyft asking drivers to stop obstructing bike lanes". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
  82. ^ Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (March 10, 2020). "More Pedestrians and Cyclists are Dying in N.Y.C. Drivers are Often to Blame". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 24, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
  83. ^ Lipson, Vivian (August 5, 2019). "It's Not Your Imagination: Uber and Lyft Drivers Almost Always Park in Bike Lanes". Streetsblog. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
  84. ^ "Gill et al v. Uber Technologies, Inc. et al". PacerMonitor. Archived from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved February 27, 2023.
  85. ^ Said, Carolyn (February 27, 2018). "Uber does not have enough wheelchair-accessible vehicles, new lawsuit says". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved April 25, 2018.
  86. ^ Sonnemaker, Tyler (April 2, 2021). "Uber ordered to pay $1.1 million to blind passenger who was denied rides 14 separate times". Business Insider.
  87. ^ Mejia, Jorge; Parker, Chris (January 2021). "When Transparency Fails: Bias and Financial Incentives in Ridesharing Platforms" (PDF). Management Science. 67 (1): 166–184. doi:10.1287/mnsc.2019.3525. S2CID 218928567.
  88. ^ BARMANN, JAY C. (September 27, 2019). "Study Finds That Black and LGBTQ People Still Have Rideshare Drivers Cancel On Them More Often". Gothamist. Archived from the original on October 31, 2021. Retrieved October 31, 2021.
  89. ^ Transport for London (2019). "Travel in London Report 12". p. 116. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved October 30, 2021.
  90. ^ Song, Victoria (April 26, 2021). "Rideshares Are Increasing Traffic Jams and Making Them Longer, Study Finds". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on October 30, 2021. Retrieved October 30, 2021.
  91. ^ Zhang, Ruda; Ghanem, Roger (September 27, 2019). "Demand, Supply, and Performance of Street-Hail Taxi". IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. 21 (10): 4123–4132. arXiv:1909.12861. Bibcode:2019arXiv190912861Z. doi:10.1109/TITS.2019.2938762. S2CID 203593159.
  92. ^ Hall, Jonathan D.; Palsson, Craig; Price, Joseph (November 1, 2018). "Is Uber a substitute or complement for public transit?" (PDF). Journal of Urban Economics. 108: 36–50. doi:10.1016/j.jue.2018.09.003. ISSN 0094-1190. S2CID 31480082. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 30, 2019. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  93. ^ Wolfe, Sean (July 27, 2018), Uber and Lyft are creating more traffic and congestion instead of reducing it, according to a new report, Business Insider, archived from the original on October 19, 2020, retrieved December 17, 2018
  94. ^ Transport for London (2019), Travel in London Report 12, p. 116, archived from the original on October 27, 2021, retrieved October 30, 2021
  95. ^ Hawkins, Andrew J. (August 6, 2019), Uber and Lyft finally admit they're making traffic congestion worse in cities, The Verge, archived from the original on October 27, 2021, retrieved October 30, 2021
  96. ^ Cramer, Judd (March 2016), "Disruptive Change in the Taxi Business: The Case of Uber", National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper Series 22083, doi:10.3386/w22083
  97. ^ Eliot Brown (February 15, 2020), The Ride-Hail Utopia That Got Stuck in Traffic, Wall Street Journal, archived from the original on October 26, 2021, retrieved October 30, 2021
  98. ^ Agarwal, Sumit; Charoenwong, Ben; Cheng, Shih-Fen; Keppo, Jussi (March 2022). "The impact of ride-hail surge factors on taxi bookings". Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. 136 (March). doi:10.1016/j.trc.2021.103508. SSRN 3157378.
  99. ^ Pinheiro, Rafael Lemieszek (2017). "Intelligence is Open: Smart City versus Open City". PlaNext – Next Generation Planning. 4: 8–26. doi:10.24306/plnxt.2017.04.002. Archived from the original on May 21, 2022. Retrieved May 5, 2022.
  100. ^ Pennington, Laura (November 9, 2018). "Lyft, Consumers Seek Approval of $4M Texting Class Action Settlement". Top Class Actions. Archived from the original on April 2, 2019. Retrieved March 15, 2019.
  101. ^ Sinay, Reenat (February 14, 2019). "2 Firms In $4M Lyft TCPA Deal Seek Nearly $1M Attys' Fees". Law360. Archived from the original on April 2, 2019. Retrieved March 15, 2019.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lyft.
  • Business data for Lyft, Inc.:
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lyft&oldid=1228091808"