Phytoseiulus

Phytoseiulus
	Phytoseiulus persimilis on a piece of vermiculite
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Arachnida
Subclass:	Acari
Superorder:	Parasitiformes
Order:	Mesostigmata
Family:	Phytoseiidae
Subfamily:	Amblyseiinae
Genus:	Phytoseiulus; Evans, 1952

Phytoseiulus is a genus of mites in the Phytoseiidae family.^[1] A predatory mite, this is the mite predator most frequently used to control two-spotted spider mites in greenhouses and outdoor crops grown in mild environments. This mite was accidentally introduced into Germany from Chile in 1958; it was subsequently shipped to other parts of the world, including California and Florida, from Germany. A Phytoseiulus mite can consume up to seven adult spider mites or several dozen of their eggs in a day. Adult females are reddish, pear-shaped, about 0.5 mm (0.020 in) long, and active at room temperature. Immatures and males are smaller and lighter in color. Eggs are oblong. About 80% are females. At optimum temperatures, Phytoseiidae can develop from egg to adult in seven days and live up to a month. A well-fed female lays about 50 eggs in her lifetime.

Environment

Ideal temperature range is 70–85 °F (21–29 °C) with relative humidity of 70–80% inside the plant canopy. Minimum temperature for activity is 50 °F (10 °C). This predator does best when humidity is 60% or higher with a temperature range of 55 to 105 °F (13 to 41 °C).^[2]

Biology

typical values @ 68 to 77 °F (20 to 25 °C)

sex ratio: four females/male
average eggs laid per day: 2.4
lifespan: 30–36 days - days from egg to adult: 7.5
average eggs per female: 54
population increase = 44 x in generation time of 17 days
prey consumed per day: 7 adults, 20 immatures or 25 eggs

^[3]

Species

The genus Phytoseiulus contains these species:^[1]

Phytoseiulus fragariae Denmark & Schicha, 1983
Phytoseiulus longipes Evans, 1958
Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks, 1904)
Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, 1957 [synonymy: Phytoseiulus riegeli Dosse, 1958; Phytoseiulus tardi (Lombardini, 1959)]
Phytoseiulus robertsi (Baker, 1990)

References

^ ^a ^b de Moraes, Gilberto Jose. Hallan, Joel (ed.). "Phytoseiidae Species Listing". Biology Catalog. Texas A&M University. Archived from the original on 12 December 2014. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
^ Hydro-Gardens. "hydro-gardens Mite Control". Archived from the original on February 16, 2012. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
^ Hydro-Gardens. "Persimilis Release Instructions" (PDF). Pest Control. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 17, 2012. Retrieved February 9, 2012.

External links

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[de_Moraes-1] Moraes, Gilberto Jose. Hallan, Joel (ed.). "Phytoseiidae Species Listing". Biology Catalog. Texas A&M University. Archived from the original on 12 December 2014. Retrieved 13 August 2015.

[2] Hydro-Gardens. "hydro-gardens Mite Control". Archived from the original on February 16, 2012. Retrieved February 9, 2012.

[3] Hydro-Gardens. "Persimilis Release Instructions" (PDF). Pest Control. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 17, 2012. Retrieved February 9, 2012.

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