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Open Network for Digital Commerce

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Open Network for Digital Commerce
Company typePrivate non-profit Section 8 company[1]
IndustryE-commerce
Founded31 December 2021; 2 years ago (2021-12-31)
FounderDepartment for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT)
Government of India
Headquarters
India
Area served
India
Key people
ProductsOpen network for e-commerce
OwnerDepartment for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade
Websiteondc.org

Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC), is a private non-profit Section 8 company established by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) of Government of India to develop open e-commerce. It was incorporated on 31 December 2021 with initial investment from Quality Council of India and Protean eGov Technologies Limited (formerly NSDL e-Governance Infrastructure Limited).[2]

History

[edit]

ONDC is not an application, an intermediary, or software, but a set of specifications designed to foster open interchange and connections between shoppers, technology platforms, and retailers.[3] ONDC was incorporated with the mission and vision of creating an inclusive ecosystem of e-commerce.[4]

On 5 July 2021, a nine-member Advisory Council was constituted by Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT). The Quality Council of India (QCI) was tasked with incubating the ONDC based on open source methodologies using open specifications and network protocols. It incorporates inventory, logistics, dispute resolution and is planning to cover 25% of domestic digital commerce within two years of launch.[3] ONDC will unbundle delivery services so that customers can choose their own logistics provider.[5] Till 26 October 2021, QCI established a team of experts and on-boarded some small and medium size industries as volunteers for project execution while DPIIT approved ₹10 crore as initial investment.[6]

From November 2021 to March 2022, various public and private sector entities picked up stakes in ONDC by investing seed money to become early promoters. This includes Punjab National Bank (9.5% for ₹25 crore).[7] State Bank of India (7.84% for ₹10 crore).[8] Axis Bank (7.84%).[9] Kotak Mahindra Bank (7.84%).[10] BSE Investments (5.88%).[11] Central Depository Services (6.78%).[12] ICICI Bank (5.97% for ₹10 crore).[13] Small Industries Development Bank of India (7.84% for ₹10 crore).[14] On 23 March 2022, Common Service Centres (CSC) under Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) announced that it will promote ONDC for ecommerce and logictics in rural areas through 3 Lakh Grameen e-Stores.[10][15] National Payment Corporation of India (NPCI) and National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) committed funding for ONDC as promoters.[16] On 31 August 2022, Ministry of Finance and Reserve Bank of India (RBI) cleared NPCI to acquire 10% stake at ONDC by investing ₹10 crore.[17][18] Bank of India acquired 5.56% stake by investing ₹10 crore.[19]

As of July 2022, more than 20 organisations have committed investment ₹255 crore (US$31 million) into the project such as UCO Bank, HDFC Bank. Bank of Baroda etc.[20][21] HDFC Bank acquired 7.84% stake of ONDC.[22] In April, ONDC had received ₹157.5 crore for first stage of the project from 17 banks and financial institutions.[23] For the pilot project, eSamudaay will help in dealing with consumer facing interface, Gofrugal Technologies supplied enterprise resource planning software, GrowthFalcons for digital marketing and SellerApp will help sellers with automation and provide digital insight on sales.[21] On 9 August 2022, SIDBI signed memorandum of understanding (MoU) with ONDC to bring small industries on the network.[24] To make transition to ONDC easier, Yes Bank is working with SellerApp for business enterprise customers.[25]

As per Nandan Nilekani, the Account Aggregator Network (AAN) will work alongside ONDC which will allow everyone in the supply chain to access formal credit in an efficient manner.[26][27] ONDC signed MoU with Jammu and Kashmir Trade Promotion Organization (JKTPO) on 25 August 2022 to increase eCommerce adaptation in Jammu and Kashmir.[28] Union government is planning to integrate One District One Product scheme with ONDC.[29] IDFC First Bank joined ONDC on 8 September 2022 and will push its current account holders to use the network for business transaction.[30] During talks at Stanford University, Piyush Goyal clarified that through ONDC India is interested in creating multiple unicorns instead of few trillion dollar eCommerce companies.[31] ONDC signed MoU with Government of Madhya Pradesh on 22 November 2022 to increase local adoption, sprint programming and software development.[32] ONDC will incorporate mobility, hospitality and travel sectors.[33]

As per McKinsey & Company, by 2023 ONDC has the potential to increase digital consumption in India by $340 billion.[34]

DigiReady Certification

[edit]

The DigiReady Certification portal was launched, as announced by ONDC and the Quality Council of India on 8 February 2024. Through the use of this online self-assessment tool, small and medium-sized enterprises can determine how well-equipped they are to join the ONDC platform as vendors. The certification procedure assesses a number of digital readiness factors, such as the availability of the paperwork required for online operations, the user's familiarity with software and technology, the ability to integrate with current digital processes, and the effectiveness of order and catalog management. Participants will receive an e-certificate designating their company as DigiReady to onboard one of the network seller partners upon satisfactorily answering all critical questions. Anyone who answers a question wrong will be sent to a hand-holding tool to help them become more proficient in the appropriate module so they can answer questions correctly. Seller Applications will contact entities to make the on-boarding process easier for them when they are DigiReady and give their permission.[35]

Build for Bharat hackathon

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The ONDC distributed equity capital of up to $250,000 for Antler as part of the initiative. Additionally, teams that can devise original solutions to challenging business issues in the nation's e-commerce environment will receive $100,000 in Google Cloud credits. There were 27,000 participants in all, including businesses, startups, and academic institutions from all around India.

In cooperation with the Startup India platform, Google Cloud, Antler, Protean, and Paytm, the program was launched in December 2023. With experts, leaders, venture capitalists, and incubators present, it was held in over 50 cities. On 28 June 2024, the hackathon's second edition was introduced in three categories: foundation solutions, scalable solutions, and next-generation initiatives.[36]

Pilot phases

[edit]

The pilot phase was launched on 29 April 2022 in five cities; New Delhi, Bengaluru, Bhopal, Shillong and Coimbatore.[37][21] In April, Bengaluru based Woolly Farms received an order from buyer application Paytm. This was the first transaction on ONDC.[38]

Restaurant management platform Petpooja partnered with marketing agency GrowthFalcons to onboard food and beverage brands on ONDC network. They help restaurants with discovery and demand analytics. On 5 May 2022, GrowthFalcons, Paytm and logistics company LoadShare successfully completed the first live cascaded transaction on ONDC. The delivery happened on Petpooja point of sale (PoS) terminal.[39]

By August 2022 all systems will become operational. ONDC will start servicing 100 cities and will also open for wider public use in Bengaluru, New Delhi, Coimbatore, Bhopal and Shillong where pilot projects are ongoing. By the end of 2022, ONDC will go live at national level covering the entire country.[40] ONDC expanded to Noida, Faridabad, Lucknow, Bijnor, Bhopal, Chhindwara, Kolkata, Pune, Chennai, Kannur, Thrissur, Udupi, Kanchipura, Pollachi, Mannar and Ramnathpuram on 18 July 2022.[41]

ONDC activated ecommerce in agriculture domain on 20 June 2022 with National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD). ONDC is attempting to integrate all Agri-tech and Non Agri-tech ecommerce platforms into common network while these companies build solutions that can further accelerate the adoption and establish market linkage for Farmer Producer Organizations.[42]

Government of Uttar Pradesh started actively promoting One District One Product (ODOP) scheme on ONDC. DPIIT will initiate integration of Union Government Ministries and various departments under State Governments with ONDC. The platform will try to rectify issues registered with National Consumer Helpline like delivery of wrong, defective, damaged goods, non-delivery or delayed delivery, failed refunds or violation of service agreements.[43] Government is planning to leverage the incubators under Startup India Seed Fund Scheme (SISFS) to build applications for ONDC with vernacular language support for greater accessibility.[44] ONDC restricted referral commission of sending a buyer to a shopper at 3% compare to 30% in major eCommerce platforms.[3]

From 21 cities, the pilot phase moved to 51 cities by third week of August. The Economic Times reported that ONDC is facing teething troubles with respect to address and geolocation APIs. From September, Bengaluru will become the first city to get all user access.[45] By 2024, ONDC is planning to bring 3 crore sellers and 30 crore shoppers on the network.[38] On 31 August 2022, government announced that ONDC will move to beta-testing phase for general public.[46] ONDC will charge fee from sellers for maintenance and development of the network.[47]

By allowing the integration of CSC's e-Grameen app on the ONDC network as a buyer application, Common Services Centers (CSCs), under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MEitY), have teamed with the ONDC to make e-commerce accessible to rural communities. During the initial stage, CSC will function as a buyer-side platform, enabling citizens who visit the center to place orders using the e-Grameen app. The sellers who have registered on the CSC platform will be able to accept orders over the ONDC network during the second phase.[48]

Public Distribution System

[edit]
Main article: Public Distribution System (India)

In Himachal Pradesh, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution started a pilot program to add fair price stores to ONDC. The program is being funded as a pilot by the Department of Food and Public Distribution (DFPD) in collaboration with nStore, a technology partner, and MicroSave, a company that offers fair price shops assistance. On 6 February 2024, the first order was placed at 11 fair price stores to kick off the experimental program. The pilot helps fair price stores boost their usage and income from market goods while also giving customers in rural areas access to groceries and other necessities through ONDC. Fair pricing shops on ONDC now provide household groceries that were previously only available at regular kirana stores. These products are available for purchase using ONDC buyer apps, such as Paytm.[49] The National Cooperative Consumers' Federation (NCCF) operates fair price stores all over India. Other states will follow suit with the trial project's success.[50]

Public beta

[edit]

The public beta was rolled out on 30 September 2022 in Bangalore Urban district.[51] On the first day, LoadShare processed 100 orders. Paytm app faced issue over missing order option. There is also one order cancellation from merchant side.[52] As per government, ONDC will charge 8–10% of the selling price of the product compare to 18–40% charged by Amazon and Flipkart. The commission rate is not fixed and will be decided by market forces.[53] Small retailers are also less to fear that the platform will open dark stores.[54] Restaurants will have access to customer data.[55] From 15 October 2022, ONDC initiated outreach program for restaurants and cloud kitchens in Bengaluru.[56] From December 2022, public beta will rollout in Delhi and Mumbai.[57]

From March 2023, ONDC will start network-wide scoring of sellers. This network-wide rating will include elements of feedback regarding transactions and performance of the sellers including the extent of grievance resolution.[58] As of 16 January 2023, ONDC completed 4,000 successful transactions as part of beta testing.[59] NPCI Bharat Bill Payment System launched NOCS platform that will provide reconciliation and settlement services for ONDC transactions. It will be integrated with banks, fintechs and e-commerce players. Initially it will go live with AU Small Finance Bank, Axis Bank, HDFC Bank, IDFC First Bank, and YES Bank.[60] During Diwali week, ONDC recorded nearly 1.2 million transactions from 6 November to 13 November 2023 across 600+ cities.[61] On December 2023, ONDC touched 5.5 million transactions in a month of which 2.1 million is from retail category while 3.4 million from mobility category. Retail purchase has grown from 1,281 in January 2023 to 2.1 million in December 2023.[62]

In an attempt to guarantee that consumers and sellers reap the benefits and that a strong e-commerce ecosystem is constructed to endure any disturbance in the physical market, the Indian government has started a feasibility study to integrate all of its associated platforms with ONDC. A test of this kind involves combining E-NAM with ONDC for agricultural commodities.[63]

Over 59,000 of the 2.3 lakh sellers and service providers that have been on-boarded by different seller platforms are food and beverage suppliers, according to Som Parkash, Minister of State for Commerce and Industry. In order to educate its members about the advantages of the ONDC platform, ONDC collaborates closely with the National Restaurant Association of India (NRAI) and the Federation of Hotel & Restaurant Associations of India (FHRAI). In addition, ONDC is actively collaborating with the Ministry of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises to connect MSME-Mart, which has over 2 lakh MSMEs, with ONDC and to onboard MSMEs to the network through current seller applications. The "Feet on Street" initiative by ONDC assists Network Participants (NPs) in locating and instructing vendors regarding the advantages of ONDC and the process of joining through seller applications. It also provides handholding support to sellers during the onboarding process and in developing an entry-level basic catalogue. An additional project is the ONDC Academy, a collection of instructive and enlightening textual and video content that offers curated learning experiences, best practices, and advice for every member of the ONDC network to have a successful e-commerce journey.[64]

In February 2024, ONDC fulfilled over 7.1 million orders in total. ONDC exceeded 6.75 million cumulative orders in January 2024. Of them, 3.56 million (or 52.8%) were orders related to mobility, and 3.19 million (or 47.2%) were non-mobility orders. Currently, over 370,000 vendors and service providers use ONDC. More than 800 cities have seen transaction fulfillment from ONDC. Additionally, ONDC has started a pilot program to onboard street food sellers in Lucknow and Delhi. 500 street food vendors will be added to the system in each of these cities, and more seller and buyer apps will be added as part of a national rollout.[65] 8.9 million transactions were made in the retail and ride-hailing divisions, according to ONDC, which also saw a 23% increase in total transaction volume month over month. The retail category saw a record-breaking 200,000 retail transactions in a single day in May 2024, with 5 million orders placed, up from 3.59 million in April 2024. With 630,000 orders in the home and kitchen category, 330,000 orders in fashion, and 2 million orders in other retail subcategories, the grocery and food delivery categories each surpassed the one million order threshold for the first time. The food category made up only 20% of all retail orders, down from 76% in the previous year. In terms of Network orders, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, and Maharashtra continued to be the top three states. Bihar recorded a 42% increase in orders, while Uttar Pradesh saw nearly twice as many.[66]

B2B e-commerce

[edit]
Main article: B2B e-commerce

ONDC will start testing B2B commerce from December 2022. Network participants initiated ONDC process integration from November.[67]

Technical Resources

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These are some helpful links to read more about ONDC.

  1. Official Github repo - https://github.com/ONDC-Official
  2. Technical resources - https://resources.ondc.org/tech-resources
  3. News and Articles - https://opencommerce.network/

ONDC Advisory Council

[edit]

The primary role of the advisory council is to watch over ONDC implementation in the country. The members were selected based on their experience in fields such as technology, finance, commerce etc. Members included Nandan Nilekani co-founder of Infosys, Anjali Bansal founder of Avaana Capital, R S Sharma Chief Executive Office National Health Authority, Adil Zainulbhai Chairman of Quality Council of India and Capacity Building Commission, Arvind Gupta Co-founder and Head of Digital India Foundation, Dilip Asbe Managing Director and chief executive officer at National Payment Corporation of India, Suresh Sethi Managing Director and chief executive officer at National Securities Depository Limited, Praveen Khandelwal Secretary-General of Confederation of All India Traders and Kumar Rajagopalan Chief Executive Office at Retailers Association of India.[68] Convener of the ONDC Advisory Council is Anil Agrawal Additional Secretary from Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade under Ministry of Commerce and Industry.[69] Some of the members are volunteers of ISPIRT.[70] Supriyo Ghosh is the chief architect behind ONDC.[71]

As per ONDC Advisory Council, a total of seven apps that include one from buyer side, five from seller side and one from logistics service provider side completed cascaded transactions in the pilot phase for grocery, food and beverage segment using Beckn Protocol as of 23 June 2022 in all the five cities. ONDC Advisory Council tasked to increase awareness and initiate a pilot phase among offline traders, handicraft artisans to prioritise their on-boarding.[43] From 24 June 2022, ONDC Advisory Council started working on network expansion, governance and upgrade for the platform before nationwide rollout.[69]

Objectives

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The major objectives include:

  • ending monopolies of the platforms[72]
  • democratisation[72] and decentralisation[37]
  • digitisation of the value chain[73]
  • standardisation of operations[37]
  • inclusivity and access for sellers, especially small and medium enterprises as well as local businesses[37]
  • increased efficiency in logistics[37]
  • more choices and independency for consumers[74][37]
  • ensured data privacy and confidentiality[75]
  • decreased cost of operation[74]

It is compared to Unified Payments Interface (UPI).[74]

Structure

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The ONDC uses "free softwared methodology, open specifications and open network protocol".[76] On the ONDC, the consumers and merchants can transact goods and services independent of platform or application.[77][72] Beckn will provide the technology and specification layer on which ONDC will design the network policies, network trust, network grievance handling and network reputation system.[78] ONDC plans on implementing dynamic pricing model, digitised inventory management and optimise the delivery cost to help reduce cost of doing business for everyone on the platform.[79] ONDC will work on a hyper local search engine model based on GPS proximity data as default setting. The buyer can independently select the seller and logistics partner to complete the order.[80]

Beckn Protocol

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The backend of the ONDC is built on Beckn Protocol, an open and interoperable protocol for decentralised digital commerce. Beckn Gateways provides anonymised aggregated data generated from the network. The interoperability achieved by unbundling packet transmission layer from experience layer so that the core of commercial transactions such as discovery, order booking, payment, delivery and fulfillment can happen in a standardised manner. It can be customised based on the requirement of customer and provider by taking modular approach.[81][82] Beckn is not ecommerce specific and can be used in other area of digital public infrastructure like healthcare, mobility etc.[3]

Nandan Nilekani, Pramod Varma and Sujith Nair developed Beckn Protocol in partnership with ISPIRT.[70] The project is supported by Beckn Foundation.[83][84] Beckn brand is owned by Open Shared Mobility Foundation in which Nandan Nilekani is the sole investor.[85] It facilitates the third layer of public digital infrastructure that is the digital transaction layer in an open digital ecosystem. This helps promote market competition and regulate anti-competitive behavior. The development came after failure of US standard bodies to set new standards and left it to Big Tech companies to solve the issue. Beckn Protocol is a substitute for and compatible with the similar protocols developed by US that are in use globally for transactions and sending information between computers. Success of UPI gave further impetus to develop more open-source ecosystem in other areas at national scale.[70][86]

Industry Working Group

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Microsoft and Oracle Corporation are looking for partnership to supply technology solutions which can add value to base ONDC network by helping companies scale up their operations. They are part of an industry working group for developing buyers, sellers and logistics provider registry, network reputation index and online dispute resolution framework. To ease on-boarding process, Microsoft started providing sellers toolkit. Oracle is designing a neutral, transparent reputation index for sellers.[87] Amazon is working with ONDC to digitise Kirana stores.[88] Sequoia Capital, SoftBank Group and Indian Venture Capital Association started pushing portfolio companies they invested in to actively take part in ONDC.[89]

Microsoft announced that it is going to join ONDC to introduce social commerce in India and will also launch a shopping app for buyers to help them in price discovery.[90] From August 2022 to January 2024, PhonePe will invest $15 million for developing ecommerce platform on the network.[91] Amazon is exploring how to integrate with the network.[92] Zoho Corporation will provide technical support and facilitate live chat among buyers and sellers.[93]

To streamline payment process for buyers, sellers and logistics partners, Razorpay is going to integrate payment reconciliation service on ONDC to provide single view of all transactions.[94] It will be available to all network participants and will validate every transactions with audit trail for documentation. This is to resolve future dispute or discrepancy.[95]

Mahindra Logistics will provide same-day and next-day intra-city and inter-city pick-up and delivery services to all sellers on ONDC.[96] Logistics company XpressBees will help ONDC offer pan-India delivery services to over 2,800 cities and 20,000 pincodes.[97] On 19 December 2023, ONDC announced two distinct partnerships with Google and Meta Platforms in order to increase platform awareness through the use of WhatsApp and Google Maps. It will aid in increasing the number of monthly transactions between big businesses and retail customers on the platform. Kochi Metro will be integrated with Google Maps by ONDC, enabling customers to purchase tickets straight from the app by utilizing the ONDC framework. Meta is planning to incorporate the ONDC framework into WhatsApp in order to expedite the on-boarding process for small businesses. From 2024, Meta will concentrate on monetization via the ONDC platform.[98] Additionally, Google Maps will integrate more public transportation options. In order to enable 500,000 micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) create conversational buyer and seller experiences on WhatsApp and move them into the digital platform, Meta and ONDC will collaborate to develop digital skills.[99][100]

A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed by ONDC and Dhiway to collaboratively develop an interoperable distributed ledger network as a scoring repository called Confidex using CORD, an open-source, layer-one distributed ledger framework.[101][102]

Concerns

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Industry is raising concerns on the liability of network participants for consumer complaints and the implementation of ecommerce rules on various stakeholders. There is also pertaining questions regarding third-party network policy audits and whether it will include search algorithms. Experts are discussing how stakeholders can make sure that any entity developing both buyer and seller side app on ONDC must be stopped from gaming the system. Companies and ONDC are also trying to resolve the issue of network disruption liability and uptime guarantee. Private sector is waiting for traction before they make any big, long term investment on ONDC.[45]

According to JM Financial, ONDC getting data, algorithms of customer buying behavior from larger e-commerce players is a challenge. ONDC framework limits data usage and storage which affects interoperability.[103] As per CEO T Koshy, ONDC will not subsidize pricing for customers using shareholders money. Instead it will focus more on innovation and special value addition to product.[104] Government told ONDC to prepare detail report on grievance redressal mechanism and submit it by the end of September 2022. The system needs to be robust and competitive.[105] Third-party agency will handle Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) by checking digital trail left by individual orders. Customers can check complaint status and how many are resolved. It will involved in the final rating of the merchants. ONDC will record all complaints filed against a merchant which will be linked directly to the network-wide reputation index that tabulates percentages of complaints raised, resolved or not resolved, as well as those that consumers may choose to take to consumer courts. The draft ODR policy will published by an expert committee of NITI Aayog. ONDC dashboard will publish monthly statistics of complaints received by seller side apps. On 2 September 2022, ONDC invited public feedback on Issue and Grievance Management Structure (IGMS) resolving buyer and seller complaints. The mechanism will be similar to what non-profit company Sahamati uses for their Account Aggregator Network but much faster and traceable.[106]

According to Consumer Affairs Secretary Rohit Kumar Singh, in order for customers to receive satisfactory services, ONDC must address the liability issue. Additionally, he alerted T Koshy, CEO of ONDC, of the problem, saying that without it, ONDC could not be able to serve customers.[107]

Acceptance

[edit]

Buyer Apps

[edit]
  • Paytm
  • Mystore
  • Magicpin
  • Khojle by Jagran
  • Ola
  • Spice Money
  • Crafts Villa
  • NobrokerHood

Seller Apps

[edit]
  • Snapdeal
  • Bitsila
  • Mystore
  • ideamasters
  • GrowthFalcons
  • Meesho
  • DIGIIT
  • UdyamWell
  • Easy Pay

Logistics

[edit]
  • Ekart
  • Dunzo
  • Delhivery
  • Loadshare


As of 12 May 2022, Flipkart, Reliance Retail and Amazon started talks with ONDC officials. As Logistics Network Partners (LNP), Ekart and Dunzo joined ONDC. Paytm and PhonePe which is in advance stage of integration will act as Payment Network Partners (PNP) for ONDC. PhonePe planning to join ONDC both from buyers and sellers side.[108] Till 15 May 2022, 24 ecommerce platforms are joining ONDC.[109] Paytm Mall confirmed joining ONDC network with primary focus on exports.[110] As of July 6, 200 sellers are active in grocery, and food and beverage category. To access ONDC, a seller has to join a seller platform.[111] After the success of Tez atop Unified Payment Interface (UPI), Google initiated talks with ONDC to integrate Google Shopping with the platform.[112] Ecom Express and Shiprocket are at the final stages of integration as LNP.[113]

Paytm from buyer side, GoFrugal, SellerApp, Growth Falcon, eSamudaay, Digiit from seller side and LoadShare from logistics side are successfully integrated with ONDC.[69] StoreHippo started testing of ONDC connected marketplace for small and medium-sized enterprises.[114] Grab integrated as LNP for hyper local intercity delivery on 1 August 2022.[115] As of August, Titan Company, Zoho Corporation, retail intelligence platform Bizom are on advance stages of integration with the network. IDBI Bank, India Post, Marico, Airtel are also interested in joining ONDC.[116] Dunzo for Business (D4B) has joined ONDC as LNP on 4 August to provide last mile delivery for business to business (B2B) transaction.[117]

By the end of August, SellerApp will onboard 3,000+ retail stores from Bengaluru.[45] Innoviti Payment Solutions is integrating seller side app for small merchants on ONDC to publish their goods and offer credit to buyers.[118] Business banking solution provider Zyro joined ONDC from seller side. They will help small retailers create digital stores on the network.[119] Blowhorn integrated itself with ONDC as logistics network partner to perform last mile delivery and is in final phase of testing. They will go live from fourth week of September 2022.[120] Menson will onboard 11,500 restaurants on ONDC.[121] Crowdsourced third-party logistics platform Shadowfax integrated with ONDC on 19 October 2022.[122] Kochi Open Mobility Network (KOMN) will integrate with ONDC to make transporters in Kerala discoverable on the network.[123] On 23 November 2022, Meesho joined the network and started the pilot project in Bengaluru.[124]

On 24 February 2023, Amazon announced integration of its logistics network and Smart Commerce Services with ONDC.[125] Within first one year of operation, 31,000 merchants with 37 lakh products are registered with the network. In mobility space, 56,000 vehicles registered with ONDC with a daily average ride of 20,000.[126] As of 24 April 2023, ONDC completed the milestone of 5,000 daily orders in foods & beverages, and grocery category and on average 6,000 orders during weekends. It crossed the mark of 10,000 orders on 30 April 2023.[127] As of 24th May 2023, ONDC achieved a grand one-year milestone after completing 1 year of operation. It expanded over 236 cities of India. Now, it has approximately 36,000 sellers and over 45 network participants. It has scaled its operations in more than 8 categories. According to the Ministry of Commerce, ONDC is flourishing with weekly 13K+ retail orders (avg.) and 36k+ mobility rides per day.[128] As of 27 November 2023, DTDC is operational on ONDC.[129]

On 12 January 2024, Hyperlocal Pharmacy Aggregator MedPay became a member of ONDC. Customers can now access its drugstore network via third-party buying apps.[130] Senco Gold & Diamonds became the first jewellery brand to join ONDC.[131]

Agribusiness

[edit]

On ONDC, 4,000 farmers producer organizations (FPOs) have offered up to 3,100 different types of value-added agricultural products since April 2023. By the end of FY24, 6,000 FPOs are expected to be on ONDC.[132] FPO Rich Returns, situated in Rajasthan, sold ₹2,00,000 worth of millet based products, garlic papadam, and chickpea items through Mystore in November 2023. Aryahi Fed Farmers Producer Company, a collective of 673 farmers located in Uttar Pradesh, is among the first to sell more than ₹5,00,000 worth of honey and millet based valued added products through Mystore within six months of joining the company. Using the Mystore online marketplace, the Odisha-based farmers' cooperative Daringbadi Farmers Producer Company supplied Geographically Indicated (GI)-tagged turmeric powder to customers in 11 states.

With the goal to raise sales to ₹10 million by 2024, BASIX Krishi Samruddhi, a group that has assisted 59 FPOs into ONDC across Odisha, West Bengal, Bihar, and Uttar Pradesh, reported a total sales of ₹4 million in 2023. Because of India Post's extensive network, FPOs leveraged its services to distribute their goods, but since then, more logistic partners have been recruited to guarantee even faster product delivery to customers.[133]

Under a central scheme launched in 2020 with a budgetary provision of ₹6,865 crore, nearly 5,000 out of 8,000 registered Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) have been onboarded on the ONDC portal for selling the produce online to consumers across the country, against the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare's target of 10,000.[134]

Retail

[edit]
Main article: Retailing in India

Reliance Retail has started a pilot program on ONDC using the Fynd retail platform. The pilot is live in Madurai. Reliance Retail will scale it up to five locations if it is successful, and eventually to 100 outlets on ONDC. All of Reliance Retail's brands will gradually launch on ONDC.[135]

On 30 July 2024, ONDC introduced an interoperable QR code to link online and offline vendors, regional craftspeople, and neighborhood store owners with consumers. With ONDC-registered buyer apps like Magicpin and Paytm, merchants can create a unique QR code that customers can scan to access their online store on the ONDC platform.[136]

Fast-moving consumer goods

[edit]

Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies and brands such as ITC Limited, Hindustan Unilever, Dabur and Nivea started talks on joining the network. Shopify also started showing interest on ONDC platform.[79] Products with geographical indicator tags, Khadi and those made by Scheduled Tribes will be promoted on the platform for national level market access and community development.[43] Snapdeal will go live on ONDC by end of August 2022.[137] It will deal on fashion, home and beauty, and personal care categories connecting 2,500 cities. The company will take help of LNP for last mile delivery.[138] Livestream shopping platform Kiko Live will start operation from September 2022 starting with grocery, stationary items, medicine, gifts and novelty, flowers, fashion and cosmetics, electronics, electrical and hardware, dairy products and fresh meat.[139]

Through its multi-brand direct-to-consumer platform, UShop, Hindustan Unilever became the first fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) company to join ONDC in 2022. They will also help onboard nearly 1.3 million Kirana stores on the platform.[140] The Coca-Cola Company introduced Coke Shop to join the ONDC. For data-driven insights, market intelligence, and strategy, it also partnered with SellerApp.[141] UK based The Body Shop became the first international beauty and skincare brand to join the platform.[142] By November 2023, ONDC surpassed 1.5 million monthly e-commerce purchases, with food accounting for almost one-third of all orders placed by customers. As orders soar, retail sales expand beyond food to include fashion, beauty, and electronics.[143] ONDC has welcomed the Good Glamm Group, a conglomerate that specializes in content creation, commerce, and community, as a direct seller on 12 December 2023. The company hopes to reach 100% more customers and enhance its revenue potential by 50%.[144]

Finance

[edit]

The ONDC successfully tested a few personal loan transactions with Easy Pay and DMI Finance in January 2024. ONDC is constructing the framework for three major product categories: wealth management, insurance, and credit. The platform is currently undergoing various stages of integration with Aditya Birla Capital, Tata Capital, Canara Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, Bajaj Finserv, Bajaj Allianz and Aditya Birla Health. Enabling small business owners to transact loans is one of ONDC's primary goals. It is creating the framework for a financing product that is based on GST invoices. Additionally, efforts are being made to standardize the data format that is stored on buyer-side applications' platforms. The goal is to enable lenders and insurance providers to incorporate the data into their rule engines so they can identify the right clients. This will make it possible to process financial product purchases in a number of use cases simply. As of now, 85 enterprises have expressed interest in the credit segment; however, only 7 of them enrolled in the pilot program. Companies from the buyer-side applications are Tata Digital, Paynearby, Easypay, and Rapidor. During the trial period, DMI Finance, Aditya Birla Finance, and Karnataka Bank are the lenders. ONDC will first offer health, auto, and marine insurance.[145][146]

Early adopters of buyer-side apps are anticipated to include Policybazaar (Marine), Cliniq 360 (Health), and Insurance Dekho (Marine, Health, and Motor). The insurers Aditya Birla Health (Health), Kotak General (Marine), and Bajaj Allianz (Marine, Motor) are anticipated to go operational initially. With a few chosen partners, ONDC is developing sachet maritime insurance solutions up to ₹3 to ₹5 to cover supplies during transit and lessen the risk of doing business for smaller sellers. The first wealth management product would be sachet mutual fund investments, accessible to those at the bottom of the economic pyramid, for less than ₹100. MF Utilities is the first seller-side app that ONDC has onboarded. It makes it possible for a buyer-side app to trade in mutual funds and show a single snapshot of an individual's holdings across platforms.[145][146]

Mobility

[edit]

ONDC entered urban mobility space in partnership with Namma Yatri, an auto rickshaw hailing mobile application launched by Juspay Technologies.[147] In Namma Yatri app, ONDC completed 25,000 daily rides.[148] Namma Yatri will operate on a zero-commission approach to link drivers and passengers seeking trips in Delhi. It is currently in use in Kolkata, Bangalore, Kochi, and Mysore. Over 10,000 drivers have been onboarded by Namma Yatri in Delhi, with over 50,000 drivers expected to join in the following three months.[149] In 2023, the drivers received ₹330 crore on rides made via the app. As of 2023, Namma Yatri has over 1.7 lakh drivers on board and 40 lakh riders who had reserved 20 million rides using the application.[150]

On 18 December 2023, the Hyderabad Auto & Taxi Drivers Association announced the release of a new ride-hailing app supported by ONDC protocols. Yaary, a startup with its headquarters in Hyderabad, developed the app. More than 20,000 auto and taxi drivers in Hyderabad have already been on boarded by the firm, and it is working with many other driver associations in other cities to introduce comparable mobility apps.[151]

In Chennai, Namma Yatri made its debut on 29 January 2024.[152] As the first metro service in India to integrate with the ONDC, Chennai Metro enables users to easily purchase single and return travel tickets through a variety of ONDC network apps, including RedBus, Namma Yatri, and Rapido. Millions of Indian commuters will have easier access to urban transit as metro systems in Kochi, Kanpur, Pune, and other cities are set to follow Chennai's lead.[153] As part of its partnership with ONDC, Uber is looking into services including intercity bus and metro train ticket purchases in India.[154]

Hospitality industry

[edit]
Main article: Hospitality industry

On 21 June 2022, National Restaurant Association of India (NRAI) initiated talks with officials from ONDC. Initially some large and small restaurants will join the network as pilot project and work on technology standardization. Restaurant Network Partners (RNP) under ONDC will help in on-boarding process and act as an aggregator. Post on-boarding, RNP will educate and train the restaurants on online delivery business, maintain packaging and hygiene norms and ensure that food preparation is as per service level agreements to protect consumer interest. Building consumer pipeline and delivery infrastructure will not come under RNP.[155]

Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) also engaging with ONDC to let consumers buy things during travel.[126] To de-risk online sales from food aggregators Zomato and Swiggy, Domino's gone live on ONDC in National Capital Region.[156] On 30 January 2024, the platform integration was finished and other cities will go live in phase manner.[157] Rebel Foods, a cloud kitchen, expanded its EatSure direct-to-consumer (D2C) platform to ONDC.[158]

McDonald's restaurants offering à la carte and meal options that serve the Eastern and Northern regions of India joined the ONDC.[159]

Automotive industry

[edit]
Main article: Automotive industry in India

Hero MotoCorp joined ONDC and would provide products, accessories, and parts for two-wheelers. 'Hero Genuine Parts' will be made available for customers using any buyer app on the network, including Mystore and Paytm.[160]

Cross-border trade

[edit]

The first successful international cross-border transaction was carried out by ONDC and the Singapore-based business-to-business network Proxtera on 10 January 2024.[161]

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