George Pitt, 1st Baron Rivers
George Pitt, 1st Baron Rivers (1 May 1721 – 7 May 1803) was an English diplomat, politician, military officer and peer who served as the British ambassador to Spain from 1770 to 1771.
Background and education
[edit]
He was born in Geneva, the eldest son of George Pitt of Stratfieldsaye (today rendered Stratfield Saye), Hampshire, and his wife Mary Louise Bernier from Strasbourg. General Sir William Augustus Pitt was his younger brother. He was educated at Winchester, with attendance recorded in 1731, and matriculated on 26 September 1737 at Magdalen College, Oxford, being awarded an MA on 13 March 1739 and a DCL on 21 August 1745.[1] He travelled on the continent from 1740 to 1742 and succeeded his father in 1745. He inherited Stratfield Saye House in Hampshire, making extensive alterations to the house and park.
Politics
[edit]Soon after returning from Europe, he was elected Member of Parliament at a by-election for Shaftesbury that followed the death of Charles Ewer, and sat as a Tory.[2] He voted with the opposition during the War of the Austrian Succession against the employment of the Hanoverians. At the 1747 election, he stood for Shaftesbury, largely on his own interest, although Lord Shaftesbury endorsed him a few weeks before the poll. He also stood for the county of Dorset,[2] a Tory stronghold,[3] and was returned for both constituencies, choosing to sit for Dorset. In his electoral survey of c. 1749, John Perceval, 2nd Earl of Egmont, examining individuals' political support for and on behalf of Frederick, Prince of Wales, considered Pitt "not proper".[2]
He represented Dorset continuously until 1774, becoming an independent, supporting the government from the accession of George III. Upon the reorganisation of the Dorset Militia under the Militia Act 1757, Pitt was commissioned Colonel of the Regiment,[1] and served until his resignation in 1798.[4] In 1760, he was appointed a Groom of the Bedchamber to the King, in which office he served until 1770, when he was asked to resign to make way for Sir George Osborn, 4th Baronet, a cousin of Lord North.
Diplomacy
[edit]From 1761 to 1768, he served as Envoy-extraordinary to the Kingdom of Sardinia at Turin, although he went on leave in 1764 and never returned.[1] In 1770 he was appointed Ambassador to Spain, but was superseded the following year.[5]
Peerage
[edit]On 20 May 1776, he was raised to the peerage as Baron Rivers, of Stratfield Saye, Hampshire.[1] His ancestor George Pitt (d.1694) of Stratfield Saye, had married Jane Savage, daughter of John Savage, 2nd Earl Rivers.[6] In 1780, he was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire, but was replaced in 1782, when he became a Lord of the Bedchamber. He was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Dorset in 1793. On 16 March 1802, he obtained a new patent as Baron Rivers, of Sudeley Castle, Gloucestershire, with special remainder, in default of male issue, to his brother Sir William and his issue male, failing which to his daughter Louisa's son Horace Beckford and his issue male. He died on 7 May 1803 at Stratfield Saye and was succeeded by his only son George.[7]
Family
[edit]On 4 January 1746, at Oxford Chapel, Marylebone, he married Penelope, daughter of Sir Henry Atkins, 4th Baronet, of Clapham, Surrey.[7] They had four children:
- George Pitt, 2nd Baron Rivers (1751–1828)
- Penelope Pitt, (1749-1827) married Edward Ligonier, 1st Earl Ligonier, in 1766; divorced in 1771 and married Capt. Smith in 1784
- Louisa Pitt (1754–1791), married Sir Peter Beckford (1740–1811) on 22 March 1773
- Marcia Lucy Pitt (1756–1822), married James Fox-Lane in 1789
Their marriage was unhappy and they separated in 1771, living mostly in France and Italy until her death on 1 January 1795 in Milan. She was buried in the Protestant Cemetery in Livorno, Italy.[7]
Legacy
[edit]Rivers Inlet, a fjord on the Central Coast of British Columbia, was named by Captain George Vancouver for George Pitt.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d White, Geoffrey H., ed. (1949). The Complete Peerage, Volume XI. St Catherine's Press. p. 30.
- ^ a b c Lea, R. S. "PITT, George (1721-1803), of Strathfieldsaye, Hants.". The House of Commons. The History of Parliament Trust.
- ^ Lea, R. S. "Dorset". The House of Commons. The History of Parliament Trust.
- ^ "No. 15038". The London Gazette. 3 July 1798. p. 616.
- ^ J. Haydn, Book of Dignities (1851), 82–3.
- ^ "PITT, George (?1663-1735), of Strathfieldsaye, Hants. | History of Parliament Online".
- ^ a b c White, Geoffrey H., ed. (1949). The Complete Peerage, Volume XI. St Catherine's Press. p. 31.
- ^ "Rivers Inlet". BC Geographical Names.
- Lee, Sidney, ed. (1896). . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 45. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
- Barker, G. F. R. "Pitt, George, first Baron Rivers (1721–1803)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/22328. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs
- ThePeerage.com
| International | |
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| National | |
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- 1721 births
- 1803 deaths
- Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford
- Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies
- British MPs 1741–1747
- British MPs 1754–1761
- British MPs 1761–1768
- British MPs 1768–1774
- Barons in the Peerage of Great Britain
- Peers of Great Britain created by George III
- Lord-Lieutenants of Dorset
- Lord-Lieutenants of Hampshire
- People educated at Winchester College
- Tory MPs (pre-1834)
- Ambassadors of Great Britain to Spain
- Dorset Militia officers
- Pitt family
- People from Stratfield Saye