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Stanton St Bernard

Coordinates: 51°21′36″N 1°52′05″W / 51.360°N 1.868°W / 51.360; -1.868
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Stanton St Bernard
Corner Cottage, The Street
Stanton St Bernard is located in Wiltshire
Stanton St Bernard
Stanton St Bernard
Location within Wiltshire
Population189 (in 2011)[1]
OS grid referenceSU093623
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townMarlborough
Postcode districtSN8
Dialling code01672
PoliceWiltshire
FireDorset and Wiltshire
AmbulanceSouth Western
UK Parliament
WebsiteParish Council
List of places
UK
England
Wiltshire
51°21′36″N 1°52′05″W / 51.360°N 1.868°W / 51.360; -1.868

Stanton St Bernard is a village and civil parish in the Vale of Pewsey, Wiltshire, England. Its nearest town is Devizes, about 6 miles (10 km) away to the west.

The parish is tall and narrow, extending north onto the Marlborough Downs where it includes Milk Hill, the highest point in Wiltshire.

History

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Evidence of prehistoric activity in the area includes earthworks on Milk Hill.[2] The Wansdyke early medieval earthwork crosses the north of the parish. The boundaries of the parish were defined in Saxon times and remain largely unchanged.[3]

The Domesday Book of 1086 recorded 46 households at Stantone, held by Wilton Abbey, within Swanborough hundred.[4] The manor continued to be held by the abbey until its dissolution in 1539.[3] The manor was granted to Sir William Herbert in 1544, who was created Earl of Pembroke in 1551, and the estate remained with the Pembrokes until 1917.[3] Tenants of the demesne farm included the Prater family. Anthony Prater (1545-1583) was subject to litigation for extortion and was excommunicated from the Catholic church.[3][5]

The former manor house[6] and Mill Farmhouse (a former watermill)[7] are from the 17th century; Church Farmhouse is from the late 18th.[8]

The Kennet and Avon Canal was built through the parish in 1807.[3] The wharf at Honeystreet, just over the eastern boundary, served the area.

A small school was built in 1849, next to the church. It closed in 1970 and the children transferred to the school at Woodborough; the building became the village hall.[3]

Population of the parish peaked in the late 19th century, with 371 recorded at the 1871 census and 373 in 1891, then declined throughout the 20th century.[1]

Religious sites

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A church, which became the parish church of All Saints, was first mentioned in 1267.[3] The tower was added in the 15th century, then in 1832 all except the tower was rebuilt in Gothic style; a further rebuilding of the chancel became necessary in 1859.[9][10] The church has a 13th-century stone font[11] and a richly coloured east window by Lavers & Barraud, 1867.[12]

The benefice was united with that of Alton Barnes with Alton Priors in 1928,[13] with the parsonage house at Stanton St Bernard to be sold, taking effect on the next vacancy (which occurred in 1932).[3] A team ministry was established for the area in 1975,[14] and today the parish is part of the Vale of Pewsey Churches, alongside 15 others.[15]

A Wesleyan Methodist chapel was built in 1841 and closed in the early 20th century.[3]

Governance

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The civil parish elects a parish council. All significant local government services are provided by Wiltshire Council, with its headquarters in Trowbridge, and the parish is represented there by Paul Oatway. In the House of Commons the parish is part of the Devizes constituency.

Notable people

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Scholarly vicars of Stanton St Bernard include Robert Parker, from 1594 until 1604; he fled into exile in 1607 after expressing nonconformist views.[16] His son Thomas (1595–1677) began a career as a teacher, then emigrated to New England in 1634, alongside a number of Wiltshire men; there he was a pastor, teacher, and writer, and after his death a river was renamed after him.[17] Thomas's sister Elizabeth was a prophet who disputed theological matters with her brother.[18]

Robert Parker was succeeded by Richard Stephens,[19] probably a brother of Robert's wife, Dorothy. Richard's son Nathaniel (c.1606–1678) was a controversial clergyman.[20]

In the early 19th century, Robert and William Tasker, of Stanton St Bernard, established the Waterloo Ironworks in Hampshire. This developed into Taskers of Andover, making engines and heavy vehicles; the brand survived into the 1990s.

References

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  1. ^ a b "Wiltshire Community History – Census". Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
  2. ^ Historic England. "Earthwork enclosure on Milk Hill (1004735)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Baggs, A. P.; Crowley, D. A.; Pugh, Ralph B.; Stevenson, Janet H.; Tomlinson, Margaret (1975). "Parishes: Stanton St. Bernard". In Crittall, Elizabeth (ed.). A History of the County of Wiltshire, Volume 10. Victoria County History. University of London. pp. 146–155. Retrieved 3 May 2021 – via British History Online.
  4. ^ Stanton in the Domesday Book
  5. ^ "Anthony Thomas Prater (GENT)". Prater / Prather Genealogy. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  6. ^ Historic England. "Manor Farmhouse (1033725)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
  7. ^ Historic England. "Mill Farmhouse (1193907)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
  8. ^ Historic England. "Church Farmhouse (1033724)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
  9. ^ "All Saints, Stanton St. Bernard". Wiltshire Community History. Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
  10. ^ Historic England. "Church of All Saints (1365968)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
  11. ^ "All Saints, Stanton St Bernard, Wiltshire". The Corpus of Romanesque Sculpture in Britain and Ireland. King's College London. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
  12. ^ Orbach, Julian; Pevsner, Nikolaus; Cherry, Bridget (2021). Wiltshire. The Buildings Of England. New Haven, US and London: Yale University Press. p. 654. ISBN 978-0-300-25120-3. OCLC 1201298091.
  13. ^ "No. 33369". The London Gazette. 23 March 1928. pp. 2106–2108.
  14. ^ "No. 46552". The London Gazette. 22 April 1975. p. 5166.
  15. ^ "Churches". Vale of Pewsey Churches. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
  16. ^  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Parker, Robert (1564?–1614)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  17. ^  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Tedder, Henry Richard (1895). "Parker, Thomas (1595-1677)". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 43. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  18. ^ Baston, Jane. "Avery [née Parker], Elizabeth". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/69074. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  19. ^ "Stephens, Richard: Stanton Barnard". Clergy of the Church of England Database. King’s College London. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
  20. ^  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Stephens, Nathaniel". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.

Further reading

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Media related to Stanton St Bernard at Wikimedia Commons

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