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Hustler (magazine)

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Hustler
Sunrise Adams on the April 2004 cover of Hustler
EditorLarry Flynt
CategoriesAdult-targeted
PublisherLarry Flynt
Total circulation
(2006)		approximately 500,000
FoundedJuly 1974; 50 years ago (1974-07)
CompanyLarry Flynt Publications
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish, many others
Websitehustlermagazine.com Edit this at Wikidata
Larry Flynt Hustler Club on West 52nd Street in New York

Hustler is a monthly adult-targeted magazine published by Larry Flynt Publications (LFP) in the United States. Introduced in 1974, it was a step forward from the Hustler Newsletter, originally conceived by founder Larry Flynt as cheap advertising for his strip club businesses at the time. The magazine grew from an uncertain start to a peak circulation of around 3 million in the early 1980s; it has since dropped to approximately 500,000. Hustler was among the first major US-based magazines to feature graphic photos of female genitalia and simulated sex acts, in contrast with relatively modest publications such as Playboy.[1] In the 1990s, Hustler, like several of its competitors, began featuring depictions of sexual penetration and oral sex.

Today, Hustler is still considered more explicit (and more self-consciously lowbrow) than such well-known competitors as Playboy and Penthouse. Hustler frequently depicts hardcore themes, such as the use of sex toys, penetration, oral sex and group sex.

Larry Flynt Publications also licenses the Hustler brand to the Hustler Casino in Gardena, California, which was owned directly by Flynt as an individual through his holding company El Dorado Enterprises. Other enterprises include licensing the Hustler name to the Hustler Club chain of bars and clubs and the Hustler Hollywood store chain that sells adult-oriented videos, clothing, magazines and sex toys. The chain's flagship store, formerly located on Sunset Boulevard in West Hollywood, was torn down in 2016.[2] Both licensed enterprises are operated by LFP's partner, Deja Vu.

Founding

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The business first began in Cincinnati, where Larry Flynt and his brother, Jimmy Flynt, opened up a store in 1969. Jimmy wrote the check for $5,000 to pay for the club in Cincinnati, and he was listed on the masthead for volume 1, number 1 of the magazine in July 1974. However, Larry fired his brother in 2009, after which Jimmy began developing his own business, Jimmy Flynt's Sexy Gifts Stand. An old member of Hustler magazine has described the relationship, saying, "Larry is the show, and Jimmy makes it go".[3]

Publisher

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Former Hustler retail store in West Hollywood, California

Hustler is officially published by LFP, Inc, which also produces pornographic films. The abbreviation "L.F.P." originally stood for "Larry Flynt Publications."

A Canadian version of Hustler is published by a Quebec-based firm. This magazine is not owned by Larry Flynt but is licensed to publish material from the American version. In general, Canadian Hustler imitates the appearance and tone of its American counterpart, with Canadian content added. In 1999, the magazine created a minor controversy in Canada by inviting readers to submit sexually explicit stories about Sheila Copps, a left-leaning member of the Liberal cabinet. There have also been Australian, British and South African versions of the magazine.

During a bookstore signing in July 2011, Flynt stated that less than five percent of his income comes from the print magazine; he also speculated that the print magazine would not be around in two to three years.[4]

Regular features

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One feature of Hustler is the "Asshole of the Month" column. In every monthly issue of the magazine, a public figure is selected for severe criticism as that month's "asshole". An illustration depicting the criticized person's head emerging from the anus of a cartoon donkey is shown alongside the article. After Flynt's imprisonment in 1977 and his alleged conversion to evangelical Christianity, he promised to reform "Asshole of the Month". However, as of 2024, reform in the feature has yet to be seen.[5]

The centerfold pictorial is the "Hustler Honey". Occasionally the models are pornographic actresses appearing under a pseudonym; in the mid-80's, actresses and strippers appeared under their more familiar names.

List of Hustler Honeys by Month
Year Month Model Comments
1974 July Marida Lindbloom
1974 August Reverie
1974 September Cindy
1974 October Diana (from Columbus Hustler Club)
1974 November Lorraine pseudonym for adult model Lorraine McKinney
1974 December Patti
1975 January Olinka
1975 February Marcia (from Columbus Hustler Club)
1975 March Michelle (French, shaved)
1975 April Lolita
1975 May Ginger pseudonym for adult actress Serena[6]
1975 June Bonita
1975 July Althea Leasure (Flynt fiancée)
1975 August Marilyn
1975 September Kathy Keeton (This was in reference to Penthouse publisher Kathy Keeton, who later sued Hustler and Flynt for defamation, due in part to using her name to identify the model.)
1975 October Heather
1975 November Amber pseudonym for adult actress Amber Hunt[7]
1975 December S'Lena
1976 January Donna
1976 February Renee
1976 March Jennifer pseudonym for adult actress Gina Janssen[8]
1976 April Max
1976 May Jocelyn (from Columbus office)
1976 June Pat
1976 July Evelyn
1976 August Tina
1976 September Polly
1976 October Leslie Bovee
1976 November Sheila (56yo Columbus divorcee)
1976 December Candy Clark
1977 January Karyn Wagner
1977 February Annie
1977 March Maggie
1977 April Allison
1977 May Nicole
1977 June Suze Randall
1977 July Monica Chapa
1977 August Stacy (with scratch 'n' sniff feature)
1977 September Tina
1977 October Cassie
1977 November Sheree Lee
1977 December Lydia
1978 January Chrissy Pseudonym for adult model Mariah Clark[9]
1978 February Beverly Kaszycki first Beaver Hunt winner
1978 March Angel
1978 April Janet and Karen
1978 May Arlene
1978 June Rebecca
1978 July N/A ("Seat of Passion" love chair)
1978 August N/A ("Parlor Games" spread)
1978 September N/A ("Hit and Run" spread)
1978 October N/A ("Hard Day's Work" spread)
1978 November Sheila
1978 December Kari Pseudonym for model Kari Klark, aka Kari Burton aka Cameron Norton[10]
1979 January Dana
1979 February Michele
1979 March Pandora
1979 April N A Saturday Afternoon Fever g/g spread)
1979 May Pamela
1979 June Becky pseudonym for model Rebecca Hart
1979 July Cindy
1979 August Michelle
1979 September Wanda pseudonym for adult model Carolyn Burch aka Debbie Gordon[11]
1979 October Inga
1979 November Debbie
1979 December Debi former Hustler talent coordinator
1980 January Toni
1980 February Celeste
1980 March Sandy & Syndi
1980 April Paula pseudonym for adult model and actress Sylvia Wright[12]
1980 May Madeleine Kelly Beaver Hunt winner
1980 June Alicia pseudonym for adult model Sharon Sorrentino[13]
1980 July Cissy pseudonym for Susanne Britton aka Barbara Peckinpaugh[14]
1980 August Dusty
1980 September Miranda
1980 October Pamela
1980 November Dawn
1980 December Tipi pseudonym for Tipi Rocks[15]
1981 January Jennifer
1981 February Dixie
1981 March Amber
1981 April Marlene
1981 May Tanya
1981 June Rachel
1981 July Monique
1981 August Robin
1981 September Eileen
1981 October Cheryl
1981 November Samantha
1981 December Inga
1982 January Angel
1982 February Nora
1982 March Julia
1982 April Kate
1982 May Charlene
1982 June Holly
1982 July Lynn
1982 August Lulu obese model
1982 September Trina three-breasted model
1982 October Shirley
1982 November Jessica
1982 December Marlene pregnant model
1983 January Eve
1983 February Darby
1983 March Elizabeth
1983 April Jeanette
1983 May Catherine
1983 June Cyndi
1983 July Alexandra Day
1983 August Lynn
1983 September Nikki
1983 October Madilyn
1983 November Ashley
1983 December Bernadette
1984 January Isabella
1984 February Sandi
1984 March Karina
1984 April Anita
1984 May N/A (biblical spread)
1984 June Camilla
1984 July Hillary
1984 August Lorelei
1984 September Sammi-Jo
1984 October Ron Jeremy & co-star
1984 November Helene
1984 December N/A 10y retrospective
1985 January Roxanne
1985 February Lucille
1985 March Loretta
1985 April Shayla
1985 May Tara
1985 June Helga
1985 July Melody
1985 August Heidi
1985 September Megan
1985 October Carolyn
1985 November Irina
1985 December Michelle
1986 January Cheri
1986 February Traci Lords
1986 March Sandy
1986 April Tanya
1986 May Muffy
1986 June Veronica
1986 July Jeanette Littledove
1986 August Stormy
1986 September Jacqueline
1986 October Nicole
1986 November Kate
1986 December Elle Rio
1987 January Blondi Bee
1987 February Cha Cha
1987 March Penny Morgan
1987 April Jessica Jensen Miss Nude Universe
1987 May Caroline
1987 June Roseanne
1987 July Melina
1987 August Sally
1987 September Barbara Dare
1987 October Cori
1987 November Venus Delight
1987 December Candice Starrek Canadian stripper
1988 January Sylvie
1988 February Regina
1988 March Angela Baron
1988 April Mona
1988 May Coco
1988 June Nicole
1988 July Jay
1988 August Dana Lynn
1988 September Miki
1988 October Sara
1988 November Candide
1988 December Nikki Knights
1989 January Tonya
1989 February Linda
1989 March Sunny Canadian stripper
1989 April Toppsy Curvey
1989 May Julianne James
1989 June Olga
1989 July Candice
1989 August Diana Same model as Tracey in 9/91 issue
1989 September Marisa
1989 October Clare
1989 November Kascha
1989 December Christy Canyon
1990 January Veronica Dol
1990 February Deidre Holland
1990 March Sally
1990 April Amber Lynn
1990 May Bobbi & Talitha
1990 June Alicia
1990 July Ericka
1990 August Shari
1990 September Clair
1990 October Billie
1990 November Tina
1990 December Gina pseudonym for adult model Mikki Brenner[16]
1991 January Angela
1991 February Berenice and Margret Ashley Lauren & unknown model
1991 March Savannah Wilsey
1991 April Jane
1991 May Danielle Rogers
1991 June Naomi
1991 July Delilah
1991 August Melina
1991 September Tracey Same model as Diana in 8/89 issue
1991 October Maggie
1991 November Jeanna Fine
1991 December Lita
1991 Holiday Issue Amber Lynn
1992 January Marlene Diane van Laar
1992 February Janey
1992 March Alicia
1992 April Anita Tanya Rivers
1992 May Renee
1992 June Pauline
1992 July Anita
1992 August Melissa
1992 September Dallas
1992 October Lacy
1992 November Barbara Wendy Moore
1992 December Alex pseudonym for adult model Alexis Christian
1992 Holiday Issue Danielle Rogers
1993 January Madison
1993 February Angelica Bella
1993 March Priscilla
1993 April Reba
1993 May Sandrine
1993 June Roberta
1993 July Shayla
1993 August Rae
1993 September Tabitha (with scratch 'n' sniff feature)
1993 October Shannon
1993 November Christine
1993 December Kizzy
1993 Holiday Issue Alex Alexis Christian
1994 January Estee Julia Ann
1994 February Sharen
1994 March Patsy Sammi Jessop
1994 April Celeste adult film star Celeste
1994 May Charlee
1994 June Daron
1994 July Charmaine Sinclair
1994 August Chasey
1994 September Draghixa Draghixa Laurent
1994 October Chase
1994 November Jenna Jameson
1994 December Brandy
1994 Holiday Issue Gitana
1995 January Rebecca
1995 February Jessica L'Amour
1995 March Mia
1995 April Lisa
1995 May Zenah
1995 June Ashley
1995 July Paulina Regina Hall
1995 August Laura & Janine Taylor St. Claire & Renee
1995 September Jessica
1995 October Taylor
1995 November Anna Romeo
1995 December Renee
1995 Holiday Issue Corky

Hustler ran the comic strip feature "Honey Hooker" in the 1970s. With each installment, Honey would have graphic sexual encounters with any male (or female) she ran across. She might be in American colonial times one month and in a Super Bowl locker room the next. This feature was designed to compete against Little Annie Fanny in Playboy and Wicked Wanda in Penthouse. Unlike Fanny and Wanda, Honey Hooker was explicitly portrayed as being a prostitute, keeping with the seamier and less romantic aspects of sexuality in Hustler.

The Beaver Hunt section of the magazine contains explicit nudes of amateur models submitted by readers.[17]

Another Hustler feature that was heavily criticized was the "Chester the Molester" cartoon. Each month's issue depicted Chester, a cartoon middle-aged pedophile, joyfully raping or molesting young girls. After increasing criticism, the cartoon became "Chester and Hester", featuring Hester, an unattractive middle-aged woman who was either Chester's wife or girlfriend. Following Flynt's alleged religious conversion, he introduced "Chester the Protector", a reincarnation of the molester character who served as a hero to protect young girls from rape and seduction.[5]

The regular feature "Ads We'd Like to See" recreates advertisements of everyday products in a sexualized or violent way. For example, an advertisement in the 1980 issue called 'Doer's Lite Label', a parody of Dewar's Lite Label Whiskey, featured Kenneth Bianchi, the Hillside Strangler. Listed as his greatest accomplishment was Cindy Lee Hudspeth, whom he actually raped and murdered in 1978. He is quoted as saying "You gotta treat 'em rough…". This section was highly criticized for admiring men who had committed sexualized crimes against women.[18]

In addition to its regular features, Hustler occasionally published special features and issues. Examples include the "All Meat" issue from 1978, in which the cover spread depicted a naked woman being fed into a meat grinder upside down. In 1977, the magazine's front page read "First-Time Ever Scratch 'N' Sniff Centerfold".[5]

Controversy and criticism

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In 1984, conservative academic Judith Reisman received a grant from the Department of Justice to complete a study at American University concerning the cartoons of Playboy, Penthouse, and Hustler, specifically the sexual depictions of minors in these cartoons. She finished the study in 1986 and found that, on average, the number of times per issue that Hustler referred to children, crime, and violence was 46.[19]

Reisman published a nearly 1,600-page report of her findings condemning the sexual depictions of children in pornographic magazines, but her work was met with criticism from her peers.[20] An American University professor, Myra Sadker, said that she was "very dismayed about the quality of office management and the nature of the research that was going on."[21] Many fellow academics have disputed the neutrality of the research. Avedon Carol, a sex crime researcher and author, said that Reisman's study was a "scientific disaster, riddled with researcher bias."[22]

Hustler's chief cartoon artist Dwaine Tinsley was arrested on May 18, 1989, after being accused by his 18-year-old daughter Allison of molesting her since she was thirteen years old. According to court records, he allegedly told his coworkers, "You can't write about this stuff all the time if you don't experience it."[23] Tinsley was found guilty of five counts of child molestation and sentenced to six years in prison[24] although he only spent 23 months behind bars. Tinsley was the artist behind the magazine's regular "Chester the Molester" series, which was printed in the magazine from 1976 to 1989.[citation needed]

In a 2012 issue of Hustler, S.E. Cupp, a conservative commentator, was photoshopped and depicted as explicitly performing oral sex. The article describes Cupp as a "lovely young lady who read too much Ayn Rand in high school and ended up joining the dark side... But her hotness is diminished when she espouses dumb ideas like defunding Planned Parenthood." Despite having a disclaimer that the photo was not real, the photograph horrified Cupp, knowing that "this photo will be out there forever." Flynt's response was that the photoshopped image was meant to be satirical: "I'm able to publish this because of the Supreme Court case I won in 1984, Flynt V. Falwell." Cupp did not pursue either Flynt or the magazine because of "free speech".[25] Cupp ultimately chose to "express a little gratitude for Hustler," saying: "I’m completely serious here—there is an accompanying sidebar to this story, in which they lay out why they did this to me. It’s under a hundred words, and in that paragraph they say, ‘S.E. Cupp, she’s lovely, she’s smart, she’s fine, but she happens to be a crazy conservative who is pro-life and wants to defund Planned Parenthood. And for that, she deserves a phallus in her mouth.’ That is essentially what they're saying, and I have to commend that as being incredibly honest.”[26]

Lawsuits and litigation

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The magazine has had many lawsuits since the 1980s, including claims of defamation and enforcement of sexual violence and behavior. However, there have not been any lawsuits against the magazine or incorporation as of 2016.

In Douglass v. Hustler Magazine Inc. 769 F.2d 1128 (1985), actress Robyn Douglass sued Hustler for defamation and unlawfully placing her under a false light.[27] Douglass posed nude for freelance photographer Augustin Gregory, believing that her photos would appear in an issue of Playboy Magazine. However, Gregory was hired to Hustler and Douglass's photos were published in the 1981 January issue without Douglass's consent. She brought the case to the United States District Court from the North District of Illinois on the basis that the magazine had defamed her name and likeness.[27] The court cases ended in favoring Douglass since the magazine had violated her right of publicity, awarding her $600,000.[27]

In Keeton v. Hustler Magazine, Inc., 465 U.S. 770 (1984) United States supreme court case, Kathy Keeton, vice chairman of Penthouse, sued Hustler for defamation.[28] Keeton brought the case to New Hampshire due its generous six-year statute of limitations for libel and the state believed it was able to support taking jurisdiction due to the magazine's content.[29][30] The magazine sold up to 15,000 issues since 1975, containing a cartoon where Keeton had received a venereal disease from Robert Guccione, a publisher of Penthouse.[31] Keeton was awarded $2 million for the defamation damages.[31]

At some point between 1974 and 1983, Hustler began mailing the latest issue of the magazine, uninvited and for free, to all of the offices of Members of the United States Congress. Attempts to block the monthly mailings proved unsuccessful after a court ruled in Hustler's favor in United States Postal Service v. Hustler Magazine, Inc. (1986), contending that the publishers had the right to mail the magazine, as the defendants did not “threaten the unique privacy interests that attach in the home.”[32][33] The practice continues as of April 2014.[34][35]

Hustler Magazine, Inc. v. Falwell, 485 U.S. 46 (1988), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the First and Fourteenth Amendments prohibit public figures from recovering damages for the tort of intentional infliction of emotional distress (IIED), if the emotional distress was caused by a caricature, parody, or satire of the public figure that a reasonable person would not have interpreted as factual.

In Herceg v. Hustler 484 U.S. 811 (1989), a family attempted to sue Hustler for the suicide of their fourteen-year-old boy on the basis that its illustrations stimulated violence.[36] Within the magazine's contents was the article "Orgasm of Death", demonstrating practices of erotic asphyxia via photographs in order to heighten sexual pleasure in men.[37] However, Hustler placed disclaimers on the photographs of "Do Not Attempt" to prevent the audience from mimicking the photos. The court case ended in favoring the magazine; the court agreed that the depictions were not forcing readers to perform these erotic or dangerous activities.[37]

Other venture

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[edit]

LFP, Inc. publishes several other magazines that use the Hustler brand:

  • Hustler's Taboo, specializing in fetishistic material, such as the depiction of sexual bondage and urolagnia
  • Barely Legal, a primarily softcore magazine focusing on models between 18 and 23
  • Asian Fever, focusing on Asian models
  • Hustler XXX, a more generic hardcore offering
  • Chic, an upscale gentleman's magazine featuring nude layouts with lifestyle articles

Websites

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In 1995, the company launched Hustler.com.[38] Larry Flynt Productions operates Hustler.com and a number of related sites wherein it sells pictures and videos with content similar to that in its magazines. The site was targeted by Anonymous in Operation Payback in October 2010.[39]

Erotic Movie Awards

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During the Golden Age of Porn, and prior to getting into the movie business themselves, Hustler was one of two magazines that announced awards for adult sex films, the other being Adam Film World. They were discontinued in the late 1980s.

The awards were based on fan ballots printed in the publication. In announcing its third annual awards, the magazine said, "Hustler's erotic-movie awards are intended to reward excellence in the erotic-film industry and thereby encourage the fast-buck makers of mediocrity to clean up their act or go out of business."[40]

  • 1979 (3rd annual) recipients: Best Film – Sex World, Best Actress – Sharon Thorpe in Sex World, Best Actor – John Leslie in Sensual Encounters of Every Kind, Best Director – Anthony Spinelli for Sex World, Best Sex Scene – Harry Reems and Maria Lynn in Butterflies, Most Accomplished Fellatio Artist – Carol Connors in The Erotic Adventures of Candy, Most Accomplished Cunnilinguist – John Leslie in The Other Side of Julie[40]
  • 1983 (7th annual) recipients: Best Film – The Dancers, Best Actress – Annette Haven in Peaches and Cream, Best Actor – John Leslie in Nothing To Hide, Best Director – Anthony Spinelli for The Dancers, Best Sex Scene – Jamie Gillis and Veronica Hart in Wanda Whips Wall Street, Most Accomplished Fellatio Artist – Annie Sprinkle in Deep Inside Annie Sprinkle, Most Accomplished Cunnilinguist – Annette Haven in Peaches and Cream[41]
  • 1986 (10th annual) recipients: Best Film – New Wave Hookers, Best Actress – Colleen Brennan in Trinity Brown, Best Actor – Jerry Butler in Snake Eyes, Best Director – Gregory Dark for New Wave Hookers, Best Sex Scene – Traci Lords and Tom Byron in Sister Dearest, Most Accomplished Fellatio Artist – Ginger Lynn in Bedtime Tales, Most Accomplished Cunnilinguist – Danielle in Hostage Girls, Most Disappointing Film – Debbie Does Dallas III[42]

See also

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Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Kipnis (2001) pp. 134-135
  2. ^ "The Porn Handprints at the Original Hustler Are Moving to the New Store". April 2016.
  3. ^ Ghose, David; Zucca, Mario (February 2013). "Flynt Family Values". Cincinnati Magazine. 46 (5): 66. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
  4. ^ Hlavaty, Craig (28 July 2011). "Last Night: Larry Flynt Talks Sex, Lies And Rick Perry At Brazos Books". blogs.houstonpress.com. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  5. ^ a b c Bronstein, Carolyn. Battling Pornography: The American Feminist Anti-Pornography Movement, 1976–1986.
  6. ^ "Magazine description for 5/75 issue". River of Filth Collectibles. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  7. ^ "Magazine description for 11/75 issue". Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  8. ^ "Magazine description for 3/76 issue". River of Filth Collectibles. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  9. ^ "Magazine description for 1/78 issue". River of Filth Collectibles. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  10. ^ "Magazine description for 2/78 issue". River of Filth Collectibles. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  11. ^ "Magazine description for 9/79 issue". Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  12. ^ "Magazine description for 4/80 issue". River of Filth Collectibles. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  13. ^ "Magazine description for 6/80 issue". River of Filth Collectibles. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  14. ^ "Magazine description for 7/80 issue". River of Filth Collectibles. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  15. ^ "Magazine description for 12/80 issue". River of Filth Collectibles. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  16. ^ "Magazine description for 12/90 issue". River of Filth Collectibles. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  17. ^ Kipnis (2001) p. 149
  18. ^ Caputi, Jane (1988). The Age of Sex Crime. Women's Press. ISBN 9780704341166.
  19. ^ Reisman, Judith A. "Child Pornographer, Larry Flynt et. al: A Clear and Present Danger to Children." Former Principal Investigator of Images of Children, Crime & Violence in Playboy, Penthouse and Hustler, 1989, US Dpt of Justice, Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Grant No. 84-JN-AX-K007.
  20. ^ Kilpatrick, James (26 September 1986). "Nude Women, Mud Pies, And The Deficit". Toledo Blade – via Google News Archive.
  21. ^ Margasak, Larry (3 May 1985). "New study will determine how adult magazines affect children". Gettysburg Times.
  22. ^ Carol, Avedon. Nudes, Prudes and Attitudes: Pornography and Censorship, New Clarion Press, Gloucester. 1994. pg. 116.
  23. ^ Associated Press (2 June 1989). "Artist's Cartoons Depicted His Molestations of Teen-Ager, Court Papers Allege". Los Angeles Times.
  24. ^ Berger, Leslie (11 January 1990). "Jury Convicts Hustler Cartoonist of Molesting Girl". Los Angeles Times.
  25. ^ "Hustler's Fake Oral Sex Pic of S.E. Cupp Outrages 'The View' Hosts". ABC News. 24 May 2012. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
  26. ^ Pesta, Abigail (24 May 2012). "Hustler Magazine Sparks Rage With a Rude Image of Pundit S.E. Cupp". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
  27. ^ a b c Teplinsky, Howard L. (1986). "Douglass v. Hustler Magazine, Inc.: Anatomy of Privacy for a Public Figure in Illinois". The John Marshall Law Review. 29: 10555–1057.
  28. ^ Levine, David I. (1984). "Preliminary Procedural Protection for the Press from Jurisdiction in Distant Forums After Calder and Keeton". Arizona State Law Journal: 468–470.
  29. ^ Kane, Peter E. (1 January 1992). "Shaping Our Judicial System for the Rest of the Century and Beyond: The Souter Confirmation Process". Free Speech Yearbook. 30 (1): 149–154. doi:10.1080/08997225.1992.10556146. ISSN 0899-7225.
  30. ^ Borchers, Patrick J. (2004). "Internet Libel: The Consequences of a Non-Rule Approach to Personal Jurisdiction" (PDF). Northwestern University Law Review. 98: 476–478.
  31. ^ a b "Hustler Ordered to Pay $2 Million for Libeling Penthouse Executive". Los Angeles Times. 8 August 1986.
  32. ^ United States Postal Service v. Hustler Magazine, vol. 630, 11 March 1986, p. 867, retrieved 29 January 2022
  33. ^ "United States Postal Service v. Hustler Magazine, 630 F. Supp. 867 (D.D.C. 1986)" (PDF).
  34. ^ "Why Every Member of Congress Gets a Monthly Porn Delivery". www.nationaljournal.com.
  35. ^ Journal, Matt Vasilogambros, National (17 April 2014). "Why Every Member of Congress Gets a Monthly Porn Delivery". The Atlantic. Retrieved 29 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  36. ^ Diamond, John L. (1988). "Rediscovering Traditional Tort Typologies to Determine Media Liability for Physical Injuries: From the Mickey Mouse Club to Hustler Magazine". Indiana Law Journal. 59: 990.
  37. ^ a b Powell, Lisa A. (1984). "Products Liability and the First Amendment: The Liability of Publishers for Failure to Warn". Indiana Law Journal. 59: 503–526.
  38. ^ XBIZ (28 October 2004). "XBiz Interviews Larry Flynt: Part 2". XBIZ.com. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  39. ^ Rhett Pardon (22 October 2010). "Hustler.com Hit With DDoS Attack – XBIZ Newswire". newswire.xbiz.com. Archived from the original on 15 March 2012. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  40. ^ a b "Hustler Third Annual Erotic Movie Awards", Hustler Magazine, April 1979, Vol. 5 No. 10, p. 29.
  41. ^ "Hustler's 7th Annual Erotic Film Awards", Hustler Magazine, April 1983, Vol. 9 No. 10, p. 20.
  42. ^ "Hustler's 10th Annual Erotic Movie Awards", Hustler Magazine, May 1986, Vol. 12 No. 11, p. 13.

References

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  • Kipnis, Laura (2001). "Reading Hustler". In Harrington, C. Lee; Bielby, Denise D. (eds.). Popular culture: production and consumption. Blackwell readers in sociology. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 133–153. ISBN 978-0-631-21710-7.
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