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Pat Collins (baseball)

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Pat Collins
Collins with the St. Louis Browns, 1922
Catcher
Born: (1896-09-13)September 13, 1896
Sweet Springs, Missouri, U.S.
Died: May 20, 1960(1960-05-20) (aged 63)
Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.
Batted: Right
Threw: Right
MLB debut
September 5, 1919, for the St. Louis Browns
Last MLB appearance
May 23, 1929, for the Boston Braves
MLB statistics
Batting average.254
Home runs33
Runs batted in168
Teams
Career highlights and awards

Tharon Leslie "Pat" Collins (September 13, 1896 – May 20, 1960) was an American baseball catcher who played ten seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for the St. Louis Browns, New York Yankees and Boston Braves from 1919 to 1929. Collins batted and threw right-handed and also played five games at first base.

Collins played minor league baseball for the Joplin Miners until 1919, when he signed with the Browns. After spending six seasons with the organization, Collins spent a one-year sojourn in the minor leagues before he was traded to the Yankees, where he spent the next three years and played in the famous 1927 Murderers' Row lineup. At the conclusion of the 1928 season, he was traded to the Braves, with whom he played his last major league game on May 23, 1929. A two-time World Series champion, he is famous for being the only major league player to pinch hit and pinch run in the same game.

Personal life

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Collins was born on September 13, 1896, in Sweet Springs, Missouri.[1] His mother, Sarah, ran a boarding house, and he had three siblings: Ola, Mildred, and Rathal.[2] He attended school in Sweet Springs before moving to Kansas City, Kansas, to play sandlot ball.[3] He was married to Daisy C. Collins.[4] During his time with the Yankees, his teammate Babe Ruth – who usually called everyone "Kid" due to his inability to remember people's names – mockingly gave Collins the nickname "Horse Nose".[5] After his major league career ended, he went on to run a restaurant in Kansas City,[6] then operate a tavern in Lawrence, Kansas, until 1952.[7]

In April 1952, the state of Kansas took Collins to court over alleged unpaid federal income tax from 1945 to 1950.[7] Although he was convicted in December of evading $4,037 ($46,319 today), a federal judge ordered a new trial after evidence emerged showing his friend had deposited $48,300 ($554,179 today) in a safety deposit box for him.[8][9] After being treated for a heart condition,[4] Collins died in his sleep on May 20, 1960, in Kansas City at the age of 63 and was interred at the city's Memorial Park Cemetery.[1][3]

Professional career

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Minor leagues

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Collins began his professional baseball career in 1917 with the Joplin Miners, a minor league baseball team that were members of the Class A Western League.[10] In 1919, his last season with the Miners, he had a breakthrough year, posting a batting average of .316 and amassing 100 hits, 19 doubles and 10 home runs in 96 games played.[10] This caught the attention of the St. Louis Browns, who signed him near the end of the season.[1]

St. Louis Browns (1919–24)

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Collins made his major league debut for the Browns on September 5, 1919, at the age of 22,[1] entering the game as a pinch-hitter for pitcher Bert Gallia and drawing a walk in a 12–3 loss against the Detroit Tigers.[11] Between 1920 and 1922, he never played more than 31 games nor started more than 20 games a season as catcher, and his role was limited to occasional pinch-hitting appearances.[1]

During the 1923 season, Collins played 47 games (37 starts) and had the fifth highest caught stealing percentage in the American League (AL) at 44.4%.[1][12] During a June 8 road game at Shibe Park, he became the first and only major league player to pinch hit and pinch run in the same game. His teammate Homer Ezzell reached base in the third inning, but needed to use the restroom. Collins was inserted into the game as a pinch runner until Ezzell returned. In the ninth inning, Collins returned to pinch hit for pitcher Ray Kolp after the Philadelphia Athletics' manager Connie Mack agreed to drop the no free substitution rule and allowed Collins to pinch hit.[13][14] However, the official box score lists his pinch hit appearance only.[15]

In 1924, there were two factors which limited Collins to just 20 games (11 starts) as catcher. Firstly, he dislocated the joint in his left thumb during spring training after splitting the finger.[16] Then on June 22, Collins—along with Browns manager George Sisler and coach Jimmy Austin—were suspended indefinitely after arguing balls and strikes with the umpire.[17] Sisler lodged a formal protest to AL president Ban Johnson,[18] and the suspensions were rescinded four days later.[19] After the season ended, Collins was not re-signed by the Browns, so he spent the 1925 season with the St. Paul Saints, a minor league baseball team that competed in the American Association (AA). There, he batted .316 and hit 19 home runs in 132 games.[10]

New York Yankees (1926–28)

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The Saints traded Collins to the New York Yankees on August 30, 1925, in exchange for $25,000 ($434,345 today) and three players to be named later (the Yankees later sent Pee-Wee Wanninger to St. Paul on December 16).[1][20] During his years with the team, he developed a reputation of being slow-footed[21] and having a throwing arm that was described as "terrible"[22] and "weak".[23] However, his steadiness behind the plate[21] and his bat[23] kept him in the lineup. He became the starting catcher "by default"[24] after Benny Bengough—who was Miller Huggins' first choice for the job—suffered from a sore arm before spring training commenced.[24] In his first season with the organization, Collins had the fourth highest on-base percentage (.433) and tenth best at bats per home run ratio (41.4) in the AL, though he also recorded the fifth highest number of strikeouts in the league with 57. Defensively, he played the fourth highest number of games at catcher (100), during which he finished second in errors committed by a catcher (14), fifth in passed balls (6) and fourth in stolen bases allowed in the AL. However, he compensated for this by turning the most double plays (14) and recording the second highest range factor (4.75) as catcher, while finishing fourth in putouts (401) and fifth in assists (74) at his position and catching the fifth highest number of baserunners stealing (34).[1] On July 20, in the final game of a series against the Browns (his former team), Collins injured a side ligament while attempting to run down catcher Wally Schang,[25][26] who was also facing his former team.[27] This, along with Bengough's recurring problems with his arm, prompted the Yankees to buy Hank Severeid from the Washington Senators.[25] In the postseason, the Yankees advanced to the 1926 World Series, where they lost to the St. Louis Cardinals in seven games.[28] Collins did not receive much playing time throughout the series, appearing in just three games and getting no hits and one strikeout in two plate appearances.[1]

The 1927 season saw Collins split catching duties with Johnny Grabowski and Bengough. He appeared in the most games behind the plate out of the three players – 89 games caught by Collins versus 68 by Grabowski and Bengough's 30.[29] He was usually placed near the bottom of the Yankees lineup, which was given the nickname "Murderers' Row".[30] Many sports analysts, baseball writers and fans consider the 1927 team the greatest baseball team of all time.[30][31][32] Although Collins was labelled an "offensive afterthought",[30] he still managed to bat a respectable .275 and drove in 36 runs in 311 plate appearances. Defensively, he once again finished fourth in the AL in number of games (89) and putouts (267) at catcher, while also recording the fourth highest fielding percentage at the position (.976).[1] At the end of the year, the Yankees once again advanced to the World Series, where they swept the Pittsburgh Pirates in four games.[33] Collins played in Games 1 and 4; in the first game, he was hitless in two at bats but garnered two walks,[34] while in the latter game he went 3-for-3 with a double.[35] His series average of .600 was the highest among his teammates.[33]

After the Yankees purchased Bill Dickey from the Jackson Senators before the start of the 1928 season,[36] the team now had four catchers on their roster.[37] The increase competition restricted Collins to 45 starts and 70 games in total.[1] In the 1928 World Series, the Yankees achieved a second consecutive Fall Classic sweep, this time against the Cardinals in a rematch of the series from two years before.[38] However, he played just one game in the series, entering the 7th inning of Game 4 as a defensive substitute and hitting a double two innings later.[39] The catching situation—along with his dismal .221 batting average that year[1]—made Collins redundant, and at the end of the season, he was sold to the Boston Braves.[3]

Boston Braves and back to the minors (1929–32)

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Collins managed to play just seven games for the Braves during the 1929 season, making his final major league appearance on May 23. During his brief tenure with the team, he was hitless, but drove in 2 runs, drew 3 walks and had 3 sacrifice bunts in 11 plate appearances.[1] After the Braves acquired several younger catchers, he was released and sent to the Buffalo Bisons of the Class AAA International League[3][40] There, he batted .122 and had 5 hits in 16 games played[10] before manager Bill Clymer cut him loose after the season ended.[40] He promptly signed a one-year contract with the Seattle Indians, a minor league team that played in the Class AAA Pacific Coast League.[41] He batted .244 during his stint with the team and was traded midway through the 1930 season to the Kansas City Blues, thus returning to the AA. His numbers improved tremendously—he recorded a .358 batting average, amassed 39 hits and slugged 7 doubles and 3 home runs in 109 at bats. The 1931 season saw Collins play just 27 games with the Blues and his average dipped to .182.[10] He was scheduled to be traded to the Omaha Packers in July,[42] but the deal fell through and he remained with the team through to the 1932 season. That year, he played 105 games and batted .268, collected 78 hits with 14 doubles, 3 triples and 4 home runs before retiring from professional baseball at the end of the season.[10]

Post-playing career

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After playing his final major league season in 1929, Collins returned to minor league baseball and played for several teams until 1932.[10] In 1936, he teamed up with former minor league pitcher Van Hammer in attempting to establish a new Western League franchise in St. Joseph, Missouri, after the St. Joseph Saints moved to Waterloo, Iowa, and became the Waterloo Hawks.[43] However, the plan fell through after a court injunction was issued barring him from using the stadium in St. Joseph for professional baseball.[44] Because of this, Collins forfeited the St. Joseph franchise[45] and subsequently bought the Western League's Rock Island Islanders instead.[46]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Pat Collins Statistics and History". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  2. ^ "Tharon Collins in household of Sarah P Collins, "United States Census, 1910; citing sheet 6-B, family 136, NARA microfilm publication T624, FHL microfilm 1374474". FamilySearch. "United States Census, 1910", index and images. Retrieved January 18, 2014.
  3. ^ a b c d Trachtenberg, Leo (January 1, 1995). The Wonder Team: The True Story of the Incomparable 1927 New York Yankees. Popular Press. p. 155. ISBN 9780879726782. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  4. ^ a b "Former Yankee Catcher Dies". St. Joseph News-Press. Associated Press. May 20, 1960. p. 14. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  5. ^ Votano, Paul (January 1, 2005). Tony Lazzeri: A Baseball Biography. McFarland. p. 47. ISBN 9780786484522. Retrieved September 25, 2013.
  6. ^ Claassen, Harold (July 10, 1941). "Sisler's Failure to Extend Long Batting Streak Probably Cost Browns 1922 Flag". The Evening Independent. St. Petersburg, Florida. p. 6. Retrieved September 23, 2013.
  7. ^ a b "Tax Liens Filed Against Former Baseball Player". Lawrence Journal-World. Associated Press. April 2, 1952. p. 13. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  8. ^ "New Pat Collins Trial". Lawrence Journal-World. Associated Press. January 5, 1953. p. 5. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  9. ^ "Pat Collins Granted New Trial in Income Tax Case". The Hartford Courant. January 4, 1953. p. C3. Retrieved August 24, 2013. (subscription required)
  10. ^ a b c d e f g "Pat Collins Minor League Statistics and History". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  11. ^ "September 5, 1919 St. Louis Browns at Detroit Tigers Play by Play and Box Score". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference. September 5, 1919. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  12. ^ "1923 American League Fielding Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  13. ^ Nemec, David; Flatow, Scott (2008). This Day in Baseball: A Day-by-day Record of the Events that Shaped the Game. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 109. ISBN 9781589793804. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  14. ^ Sambol, Rich (June 20, 1998). "Nolan is KC's Mr. Amateur Baseball". The Kansas City Star. p. D2. Retrieved August 24, 2013. (subscription required)
  15. ^ "June 8, 1923 St. Louis Browns at Philadelphia Athletics Play by Play and Box Score". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference. June 8, 1923. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  16. ^ "Tuesday Was Hard Luck Day In Most Baseball Camps". The Evening Independent. St. Petersburg, Florida. March 19, 1924. p. 13. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  17. ^ "Yanks Lost To Sox But Cobb's Men Also Fall". The Morning Leader. Regina. June 23, 1924. p. 8. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  18. ^ "Sisler Makes Protest To Johnson". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. June 23, 1924. p. 6. Retrieved August 24, 2013. (subscription required)
  19. ^ "Suspension Of Collins Lifted". Rochester Evening Journal and the Post Express. June 26, 1924. p. 15. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  20. ^ "Pat Collins, Catcher, Sold To Yankees". The Telegraph-Herald. Dubuque. August 31, 1925. p. 8. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  21. ^ a b "Earl Smith Rates As Best Backstop In Coming Series". Meriden Record. Associated Press. October 4, 1927. p. 10. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
  22. ^ Farrell, Henry L. (September 28, 1926). "Claim St. Louis Battery Forces Outshine Yanks". Berkeley Daily Gazette. United Press International. p. 13. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
  23. ^ a b "Shadows Of Yankee Park May Trip Card Sluggers". The Evening Independent. St. Petersburg, Florida. Associated Press. September 29, 1926. p. 7A. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
  24. ^ a b Montville, Leigh (May 2, 2006). The Big Bam: The Life and Times of Babe Ruth. Random House LLC. p. 228. ISBN 9780385518703. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  25. ^ a b "Yanks Buy Severeid From Washington". The Milwaukee Sentinel. Associated Press. July 23, 1926. p. 12. Retrieved September 18, 2013.
  26. ^ "July 20, 1926 St. Louis Browns at New York Yankees Play by Play and Box Score". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference. July 20, 1926. Retrieved September 18, 2013.
  27. ^ "Wally Schang Statistics and History". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved September 18, 2013.
  28. ^ "1926 World Series (4–3): St. Louis Cardinals (89–65) over New York Yankees (91–63)". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 13, 2013.
  29. ^ "1927 New York Yankees Batting, Pitching, & Fielding Statistics". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved September 18, 2013.
  30. ^ a b c Bock, Hal (March 19, 2002). "Baseball Preview '02: 75th anniversary of Murderers' Row". Associated Press Archive. Retrieved September 18, 2013. (subscription required)
  31. ^ Verducci, Tom. "Tom Verducci's Top 10 Teams of All Time – 1927 Yankees". SI.com. Time Warner. Retrieved January 13, 2013.
  32. ^ "Murderers' Row – Opposing Pitchers' Worst Nightmare". Rome News-Tribune. March 23, 2002. p. 6B. Retrieved January 13, 2013.
  33. ^ a b "1927 World Series (4–0): New York Yankees (110–44) over Pittsburgh Pirates (94–60)". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  34. ^ "October 5, 1927 World Series Game 1, Yankees at Pirates Play by Play and Box Score". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference. October 5, 1927. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  35. ^ "October 8, 1927 World Series Game 4, Pirates at Yankees Play by Play and Box Score". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference. October 8, 1927. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  36. ^ "Bill Dickey Statistics and History". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  37. ^ "1928 New York Yankees Batting, Pitching, & Fielding Statistics". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  38. ^ "1928 World Series (4–0): New York Yankees (101–53) over St. Louis Cardinals (95–59)". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  39. ^ "October 9, 1928 World Series Game 4, Yankees at Cardinals Play by Play and Box Score". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference. October 9, 1928. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  40. ^ a b "Collins Leaves National Loop". The Evening Independent. St. Petersburg, Florida. December 27, 1929. p. 5A. Retrieved September 25, 2013.
  41. ^ "Pat Collins Signs With Seattle Club". The Milwaukee Sentinel. December 29, 1929. p. 1C. Retrieved September 25, 2013.
  42. ^ "Collins, Deviveros Are Signed by Omaha". The Milwaukee Journal. Associated Press. July 12, 1931. p. 2. Retrieved September 25, 2013.
  43. ^ "Western League Now Eight Club Circuit". The Telegraph-Herald. Dubuque. Associated Press. March 4, 1936. p. 10. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
  44. ^ "Pat Collins Awarded St. Joseph Franchise in Western League". St. Joseph Gazette. Associated Press. November 16, 1936. p. 5. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
  45. ^ "St. Joseph to Forfeit Its Baseball Franchise". The Milwaukee Journal. Associated Press. March 27, 1937. p. 2. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
  46. ^ "Western League to Operate; Rock Island Is New Member". The Telegraph-Herald. Dubuque. United Press International. April 4, 1937. p. 16. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
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