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Abeba Birhane

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Abeba Birhane
Born
Ethiopia
Alma materBahir Dar University (BSc, BA)
University College Dublin (MSc, PhD)
Known forAlgorithmic bias
Critical race theory
Computer vision
Scientific career
FieldsCognitive Science
Computer Science
InstitutionsUniversity College Dublin
Deepmind

Abeba Birhane is an Ethiopian-born cognitive scientist who works at the intersection of complex adaptive systems, machine learning, algorithmic bias, and critical race studies. Birhane's work with Vinay Prabhu uncovered that large-scale image datasets commonly used to develop AI systems, including ImageNet and 80 Million Tiny Images, carried racist and misogynistic labels and offensive images.[1][2][3] She has been recognized by VentureBeat as a top innovator in computer vision[4] and named as one of the 100 most influential persons in AI 2023 by TIME magazine.[5]

Early life and education

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Birhane was born in Ethiopia.[6] She received her Bachelors of Science in Psychology and a Bachelors of Arts in Philosophy from The Open University.[7] In 2015, she completed her Master of Science in Cognitive Science and, in 2021, her Ph.D. at the Complex Software Lab in the School of Computer Science at University College Dublin.[8][9]

Career and research

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Birhane studied the impacts of emerging AI technologies and how they shape individuals and local communities. She found that AI algorithms tend to disproportionately impact vulnerable groups such as older workers, trans people, immigrants, and children. Her research on relational ethics won the best paper award at NeurIPS’s Black in AI workshop in 2019.[10] She has also studied and written about algorithmic colonization.[11] Her work in decolonizing computational sciences addressed the inherited oppressions in current systems especially towards women of color.

In 2020, Birhane and Vinay Prabhu, principal machine learning scientist at UnifyID, published a paper examining the problematic data collection, labelling, classification, and consequences of large image datasets.[12] These datasets, including ImageNet and MIT's 80 Million Tiny Images, have been used to develop thousands of AI algorithms and systems. Birhane and Prabhu found that they contained many racist and misogynistic labels and slurs as well as offensive images.[13] This resulted in MIT voluntarily and formally taking down the 80 Million Tiny Images dataset.[14][15][16]

More recently, Birhane has worked with Rediet Abebe, George Obaido, and Sekou Remy on researching the barriers to data sharing in Africa. They found that power imbalances are significant in the data sharing process, even when the data comes from Africa. Their research was published at the ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency.[17]

Selected awards

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  • 2019 NeurIPS Black in AI Workshop Best Paper Award[18]
  • 2020 Venture Beat AI Innovations Award in the category Computer Vision Innovation (received with Vinay Prabhu)[4]
  • 2021 100 Brilliant Women in AI Ethics Hall of Fame Honoree[19]
  • 2022 Lero Director’s Prize for PhD/PostDoctoral Contribution.[20]
  • 2023 100 Most Influential People in AI by TIME magazine[5][21]

References

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  1. ^ Song, Victoria (2 July 2020). "MIT Takes Down Popular AI Dataset Due to Racist, Misogynistic Content". Gizmodo. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  2. ^ "UCD student's research takes down an 80-million image artificial intelligence database". independent. Retrieved 2021-03-05.
  3. ^ "From data strikes to data poisoning, how consumers can take back control from corporations". Fortune. Retrieved 2021-03-05.
  4. ^ a b "Announcing the AI Innovation Awards winners at Transform 2020". VentureBeat. 2020-07-16. Retrieved 2021-03-05.
  5. ^ a b "TIME100 AI 2023: Abeba Birhane". Time. 2023-09-07. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
  6. ^ O'Connell, Claire. "Getting to the heart of machine learning and complex humans". The Irish Times. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  7. ^ "TCD student wins 2018 Mary Mulvihill Award – Mary Mulvihill Award". marymulvihillaward.ie. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  8. ^ "Abeba Birhane | Lero". lero.ie. Retrieved 2021-03-05.
  9. ^ @Abebab (6 December 2021). "i'm a dr" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  10. ^ Gibney, Elizabeth (2020-01-24). "The battle for ethical AI at the world's biggest machine-learning conference". Nature. 577 (7792): 609. Bibcode:2020Natur.577..609G. doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00160-y. PMID 31992885. S2CID 210938518.
  11. ^ "Building Wakanda". VentureBeat. 2020-09-07. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  12. ^ Prabhu, Vinay Uday; Birhane, Abeba (2020-07-23). "Large image datasets: A pyrrhic win for computer vision?". arXiv:2006.16923 [cs.CY].
  13. ^ Gorey, Colm (2020-07-13). "80m images used to train AI pulled after researchers find string of racist terms". Silicon Republic. Retrieved 2021-03-05.
  14. ^ "80 Million Tiny Images". groups.csail.mit.edu. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  15. ^ "MIT takes down 80 Million Tiny Images data set due to racist and offensive content". VentureBeat. 2020-07-02. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  16. ^ Ustik, Georgina (2020-07-01). "MIT removes huge dataset that teaches AI systems to use racist, misogynistic slurs". Neural | The Next Web. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  17. ^ "AI researchers detail obstacles to data sharing in Africa". VentureBeat. 2021-02-23. Retrieved 2021-03-05.
  18. ^ "AI experts urge machine learning researchers to tackle climate change". VentureBeat. 2019-12-16. Retrieved 2021-03-05.
  19. ^ "Hall of Fame". 100 Brilliant Women in AI Ethics. Retrieved 2021-02-27.
  20. ^ "Seven researchers from Irish universities take home Lero prizes". siliconrepublic.com. 6 September 2022.
  21. ^ "The 100 Most Influential People in AI 2023". Time. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
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