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Paule Marrot

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Paule Marrot
Born
Paule Félicie Hélène Marrot

17 April 1902 (1902-04-17)
Bordeaux, France
Died22 December 1987 (1987-12-23) (aged 85)
NationalityFrench
EducationL’école des Arts Décoratifs
Known forPainting, Engraving, Textile Design
AwardsPrix Blumenthal, Légion d'honneur

Paule Marrot (17 April 1902 – 22 December 1987) was a Parisian textile designer widely known for her textile prints with a flat, two-dimensional, upbeat style — often with a floral pattern. She experienced strong popularity in the U.S. after World War II, worked with Renault to develop the company's textile and color division, and redefined furnishing fabrics in her native country of France.

Marrot won the gold medal in the textile category at the International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts in Paris in 1925; the Prix Blumenthal in 1928; and was awarded the French Légion d'honneur (Legion of Honor), as Chevalier, in 1952. She was the subject of a 2017 retrospective at the Bordeaux Museum of Decorative Arts and Design with its exhibition, Oh Color! Design Through the Prism of Color, the curator calling Marrot "the Charlotte Perriand of Régie Renault."

Early life

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Paule Marrot was born Paule Félicie Hélène Marrot in Bordeaux on 17 April 1902,[1] to a bohemian family with a musician father.[2] Marrot attended L’école des Arts Décoratifs in Paris at age 14 and in 1917 apprenticed in engraving and textile printing with Pierre Léon Dusouchet. Marrot became a teacher and was selling some of her original textile designs when she met Raoul Dufy, a Fauvist painter, who in turn introduced her to Paul Poiret, a prominent fashion designer at the time — to whom Marrot subsequently sold a dress design — and ultimately fabric for his work.[2]

Career

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In 1924 she was admitted to the Société des artistes décorateurs (Society of Decorative Artists), and married her childhood friend, Paul Angelloz, who became her business manager.[2]

In 1925, Marrot shows printed fabrics at the Worlds Fair's International Exposition of Modern Industrial and Decorative Arts that showcases to her personality and new style which wins her a gold medal.[1][3]

Winning the Prix Blumenthal in 1928 allowed Marrot to open her workshop in Batignolles on at 34 rue Truffaut, where she became widely known for furniture textiles.

In 1932 her work was exhibited in the Salon des Artistes Decorateurs show came to the attention of Jean Schlumberger,[2] an Alsacian textile manufacturer with Manufacture Steiner de Ribeauvillé. Schlumberger became her exclusive printer and a devoted friend for 30 years until his death in 1963. Together they produced over 320 fabric designs and numerous table linens.[2] Marrot moved her operation to rue des Arcades in 1936.[1]

After the war, she reopened the rue des Arcades store and in 1945 resumed production with Ribeauvillé. Working with Margaret Owen, she established the import of her textiles to the USA[1] — Jacqueline Kennedy subsequently designing a living room around Marrot's Les Tulipes cotton print. From 1953 to 1965, Marrot consulted with Renault, prioritizing color and fabric coordination for the company and establishing their interior and exterior paint and textile labs.[1]

In May 1959, she exhibited her work at Stockholm's Artek gallery, which had distributed her line of 104 printed fabrics and 28 tablecloths since 1935. From 1961 to 1968 Marrot collaborated with Zofia Rostand, whose student she had been in 1960.[1]

In 1973, Marrot exhibited 82 fabrics and tablecloths at the Exposition au Musée d’impression sur Etoffe de Mulhouse (Museum of Printed Textiles at Mulhouse), working with Fauve painter Raoul Dufy.[1]

Paule Marrot died on 22 December 1987.[1]

Marrot at Renault

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Marrot worked with Renault to develop its textile and paint division, transforming the color of its products from somber postwar colors to a fresh, vibrant palette

In 1950, the president of General Motors had visited automobile manufacturer Renault, noting the cars' drab colors, inside and out.[4] According to Renault's own preliminary research for the upcoming Dauphine, a 1951 survey had shown that women held stronger opinions on a car's colors than the car itself.[4] Coincidentally, Marrot had written a letter to Renault's chairman, Pierre Lefaucheux, giving her opinion that the postwar cars of Paris were a uniformly somber parade — and wondering whether an artist could not help find fresh, vibrant colors.[5]

Convinced of her value to the project, Pierre Lefaucheux made her a member of the Dauphine team — "to rid Renault of their stuffy image. After decades of being dipped in various shades of black and grey, car bodies [would be] painted in happy pastels."[6][7]

Working with four others, Marrot proposed new body and interior colors after setting up a new test laboratory to measure fabric wear as well as paint wear and uniformity. The new colors contrasted with the colors from the competition, the Peugeot 203 and Simca Aronde, including bright colors with evocative names including Rouge Montijo, Jaune Bahamas, Bleu Hoggar and Blanc Réja.[4] Marrot and her team then developed complementary interior fabrics for the seats and door panels, turning to Paris' large textile houses.[4]

Marrot also designed the Dauphine's emblem, with three dolphins over a crown,[6] which would adorn the Dauphine's steering wheel and hood throughout its production.[4] Over 2 million Dauphines were produced in its production run of 10 years,[8] each bearing Marrot's imprint.[9]

Licensing and posthumous releases

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1999 saw the creation of Editions Paule Marrot Ltd which became SAS Editions Paule Marrot in 2002, reissuing more than 700 fabrics from Marrot's career along with numerous tablecloths and towel designs, a total of more than 670 designs.[1]

In 2005, Carolina Irving wrote a story about Marrot for Better Homes and Gardens and in 1997 the Museum of Printed Textiles at Mulhouse[10] held a retrospective of her work.

Marrot designs have since been used extensively under license by companies as diverse as Nike, Anthropologie and the handbag maker, Hayden-Harnett.[1] In 1952, she won the Legion of Honor.[1][11][12]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "About Paule Marrot". Hayden Harnett. Archived from the original on 2007-07-30. Born in 1902, Marrot grew up in the Alsace region of France, and studied painting as a youth under the tutelage of Pierre-August Renoir, Raoul Dufy, and Maurice Denis. She quickly blossomed as a print designer, producing a staggering array of modern prints that captivated many across the globe, including Jackie Kennedy. Timeline 1902 : naissance Paule Félicie Hélène Marrot à Bordeaux 1916 : A 14 ans, elle se présente à L'Ecole supérieure nationale des Art Décoratifs, elle est reçue d'emblée et passe rapidement à la division supérieure. 1917 : elle a pour Maître Pierre Léon Dusouchet, initialisation à la gravure sur bois, à l'impression sur tissu. 1919 : Elle utilise son temps libre pour visiter les musées. Rencontre avec Renoir à Cagnes en vacances (dessin les Colettes), puis devient professeur de gravure. 1924 : membre actif de la Société des artistes décorateurs (22 ans) 1925 : exposition universelle, médaille d'or pour ses créations. 1926 : impression artisanale de ses tissus : 6 à 7 mètre / jour. 1928 : dirige l'atelier d'Art Sacré, ouverture de la Boutique, rue Truffaut. 1929 : ouverture de sa première boutique parisienn 1932 : salon des artistes décorateurs, elle choisit l'ennoblissement textile, elle laisse de coté la peinture… Début de production à la Manufacture Steiner de Ribeauvillé, avec M Schlumberger. 1933 : salon des artistes décorateurs « Madame Marrot imprime sur les tissus des motifs qui tiennent de la chanson, du poème agreste, de la fable » page 56. 1936 : elle quitte la rue Truffaut pour s'installer rue des Arcades, en tant que décorateur, puis architecte décorateur.. 1940 : réouverture du magasin des Arcades 1945 : mars, reprise de la production à Ribeauvillé. Octobre : rencontre avec Margaret Owen, importateur de la maison Paule Marrot, aux USA. 1952 : en février elle reçoit la Légion d'Honneur. 1953 : novembre, exposition des Arts Décoratifs « La demeure joyeuse Paule Marrot et ses Amis « . De 1953 à 1965 : le constructeur automobile Renault pour les couleurs de Paule Marrot 1932 : salon des artistes décorateurs, elle choisit l'ennoblissement textile, elle laisse de coté la peinture… Début de production à la Manufacture Steiner de Ribeauvillé, avec M Schlumberger. 1933 : salon des artistes décorateurs « Madame Marrot imprime sur les tissus des motifs qui tiennent de la chanson, du poème agreste, de la fable » page 56. 1936 : elle quitte la rue Truffaut pour s'installer rue des Arcades, en tant que décorateur, puis architecte décorateur.. 1940 : réouverture du magasin des Arcades 1945 : mars, reprise de la production à Ribeauvillé. Octobre : rencontre avec Margaret Owen, importateur de la maison Paule Marrot, aux USA. 1952 : en février elle reçoit la Légion d'Honneur. 1953 : novembre, exposition des Arts Décoratifs « La demeure joyeuse Paule Marrot et ses Amis « . De 1953 à 1965 : le constructeur automobile Renault pour les couleurs de Paule Marrot 1959 : mai, exposition à Stockholm dans la galerie d'Artek, qui diffuse ses dessins depuis 1935. (104 tissus, 28 nappes ) 1961 à 1968 : parcours avec Zofia Rostand, qui fût son élève en 1960. 1973 : Exposition au Musée d'impression sur Etoffe de Mulhouse de 82 étoffes et nappes avec le peintre Raoul Dufy. 1974 : premier album Nobilis, qui imprime ses papiers peints et lui laisse la vente des tissus. 22/12/1987 : décès de Madame Marrot 1999 : création Editions Paule Marrot Ltd 2002 : rachat Paule Marrot Editions par la SAS Editions Paule Marrot. Paule Marrot a édité plus de 320 tissus dans sa carrière et plusieurs dizaines de nappes avec leurs serviettes, un total de plus de 450 modèles. C'est un art décoratif, synonyme de fraîcheur, de spontanéité et d'authenticité. 1965 : les modes successives et contradictoires ne l'atteignent pas. Elle se renouvelle en se répétant sans cesse comme la nature qu'elle peint. Ses premières percales sont aussi actuelles que celles d'aujourd'hui
  2. ^ a b c d e "Paule Marrot (1902-1987)". Delgreco Tiles, Paule Marrot Editions.
  3. ^ "Historique". www.paulemarrot.com (in French). Retrieved 2017-12-11.
  4. ^ a b c d e "Des femmes et des hommes... (The women and men... (of the Dauphine))". Dauphinomaniac, (translated from French).
  5. ^ "Des femmes et des hommes... (The women and men... (of the Dauphine))". Dauphinomaniac, (translated from French). Pierre Lefaucheux, had been put on notice and thus decided to organize a new effort in this area. He was helped in the matter by a letter he had received from Paule Marrot, who was pained at the endless parade of somber cars in Paris, wondering whether an artist could not seek more merry and fresh colors of body. Pierre Lefaucheux, en homme avisé, décida donc d'une nouvelle organisation dans ce domaine. Il fut bien aidé en cela par une lettre, qu'il avait reçue de Paule Marrot, qui s'affligeait de ne voir défiler dans Paris que des voitures uniformément tristes, se demandant si un artiste ne pouvait rechercher des couleurs de carrosserie plus gaies et fraîches.
  6. ^ a b "History". Cafe Restaurant Dauphine. Archived from the original on 2010-02-09.
  7. ^ http://www.dauphinomaniac.org/Femmes_hommes/Marrot2.jpg [bare URL image file]
  8. ^ "Renault Dauphine". Renault.com.
  9. ^ "All sizes | Renault Dauphine Poster | Flickr - Photo Sharing!". Flickr. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
  10. ^ Timco. "Museum of Printed Textiles of Mulhouse". Musee-impression.com. Archived from the original on 2007-07-02. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
  11. ^ "Rowe Furniture - Rowe Fine Furniture - Clayton Marcus - Chair - Paule Marrot Collection". Furniture.about.com. 2013-07-14. Archived from the original on 2013-05-13. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
  12. ^ "C'est La Vie | Nike Dunk x Paule Marrot". Thisislavie.com. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
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