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Architecture of Plymouth, Pennsylvania

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Introduction

[edit]

Plymouth, Pennsylvania sits on the west side of Pennsylvania's Wyoming Valley, wedged between the Susquehanna River and the Shawnee Mountain range. Just below the mountain are hills that surround the town and form a natural amphitheater that separates the town from the rest of the valley. Below the hills, the flat lands are formed in the shape of a frying pan, the pan being the Shawnee flats, once the center of the town's agricultural activities, and the handle being a spit of narrow land extending east from the flats, where the center of town is located.

At the beginning of the 19th century, Plymouth's primary industry was agriculture, and many of its residents were the descendants of the Connecticut Yankees who first settled the town. Its early architecture resembled that of a small New England village. However, vast anthracite coal beds lay below the surface at various depths, and by the 1850s, coal mining was the town's primary occupation, attracting a more diverse population. After the arrival of the railroad in 1857, the town's architecture became more typical of a growing industrial center.

Notable buildings (1780–1860)

[edit]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Morse Tavern

(a.k.a. Jenkins House)

1873 Photo East Main St. across from Elm Street Built c. 1780 Demolished Residence/Tavern of Dr. Anna Morse

Partly Demolished December 1882.[1]

'Old Jenkins House' moved in March 1883.[2]

House Demolished 1883–1884.

Elm tree cut down September 1895.[3]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Old Stone House Undated Photo West Main St. below Coal St. Built c. 1780 Extant Methodist congregation met there in 1792.[4]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Ransom House 1873 Photo West Main St. near Coal Street Built c. 1800 Demolished after 1873 An example of New England domestic architecture brought to Plymouth by Connecticut settlers.
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Wadhams Homestead

1864 Map


1873 Photo


2007 Photo

Academy St., near Shawnee Avenue Built c. 1810 Extant, but much altered 1864: On Schooley Map as "Wadhams Homestead"

1873: On Beers Map as "Wadhams Homestead"

1915: "although it has been changed in appearance and altered to suit the requirements of tenants, [it] is apparently in as good condition as ever."[5]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
The Old Academy

1873 Photo


Photo About 1875

West Main St., at Academy Street Built 1815 Converted to Tenements by 1896.[6]

Demolished c. 1955

1815: Built with funds, and on land, provided by Calvin Wadhams. School use lower floor & Church use upper floor

1873: Both upper & lower floors assigned for School use

1884: Plymouth Borough gave the Old Academy to the Lehigh & Wilkes-Barre Coal Co., in trade for the land at Shawnee Avenue on which the First High School (Central School) was built in 1884.[7]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Joseph Wright House

1873 Photo


1937 Photo

West Main St., below Coal Street Built c. 1815 Demolished Joseph Wright was the father of Hendrick Bradley Wright.
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Henderson Gaylord House

1873 Photo



1935 Photo


2007 Photo

135 West Main Street near Wadhams Street Built c. 1830 Extant but altered
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Jameson Harvey House

1864 Painting


1938 Photo

McDonald St. near West Nanticoke, PA Built 1832 Extant but altered Barn (now a residence) sits across the street
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Elijah C. Wadhams House

(a.k.a. Parrish House Hotel)

1864 Map


1884 Aerial Map


1873 Photo

Main Street east of Academy Street Built c. 1852.[8] Demolished 1852: Built by _____ Bennett

1873: Sold by E.C. Wadhams

1875: Converted to a hotel by A.M. Jeffords.[9]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Methodist Church

(First Church Building)

Photo 1856—1876 Main Street across from Academy Street Dedicated October 8, 1856.[10] Dismantled and relocated in 1876–1877 Dismantled and rebuilt at Forty Fort, PA, and rededicated 1877,[11] but destroyed by fire June 2, 1900.[12][13]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Christian Church

Photo about 1904


Photo 2009

Main Street near Center Avenue Dedicated August 1857.[10] Extant (as of 2022) 1857: building attributed to Thomas U. Walter, Architect

1888: alterations to entrance portico

1905: rededicated with new facade and added steeple

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Derby's Foundry

Photo 1920

West Railroad St., near Hanover St. Built 1860 Demolished 1860: Built by John F. Derby as a foundry

1870: Converted to a planing mill and lumber yard

1873: On Beers Map as "Harvey Bros. & Kern"

1912: On Sanborn Map as "West Lumber & Mfgr"

1925: On Sanborn Map as "Plymouth Lumber Co"

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes

Notable buildings (1861–1880)

[edit]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
First National Bank

(First Building)

Photo c. 1875

Photo About 1904

Main Street below Gaylord Avenue Built c. 1865 Replaced by New Building in 1915
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
First Presbyterian Church

1910 Postcard


1910 Postcard

Church Street Foundation 1866

Dedicated June 13, 1868

Demolished Masonry Entrance and Steeple added between 1884–1891

Architect of Sunday School Annex (Built 1896): Harry Livingston French.[14]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
First Welsh Baptist Church

(First Church Building)

1873 Map Girard Avenue at Ashley Street Built 1870 Destroyed by fire in 1875.[15] Brick structure designed by Welsh-born, Wilkes-Barre architect Aneurin Jones (1822–1904).[16][17]

The Congregation relocated to Shawnee Avenue after 1875 fire

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Smith Opera House

1873 Photo



1884 Sketch



1918 Photo

West Main Street Built 1871 Collapsed During Renovation in 1918 Replaced by Polish Alliance Hall in 1928
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Willow St School

(First School Building)

1873 Map


1884 Aerial Map

Willow Street Land purchased 1870.[18]

Built 1872.[7]

Demolished April 1892 after mine subsidence.[19][7] Replaced by new school building in 1892
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Franklin Street School

1884 Aerial Map

1920 Photo

Franklin Street Built 1872.[7] Extant Enlarged in 1900 by architect Harry Livingston French.[20]

Sold by School Board 1978.

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Vincent's R.C. Church

(First Church Building)

Photo c. 1883


1884 Aerial Map

Church Street Dedicated October 1872.[21] Demolished March 1922.[22] Became a school building about 1883
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
First Primitive Methodist Church 1909 Photo Church Street at Cherry Street Dedicated May 11, 1873.[23] Extant (2021) Altered and elevated June 1887.[24]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Shawnee Cemetery 1908 Photo Mountain Road Established September 5, 1873.[25] Extant An example of landscape design.
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Welsh Presbyterian Church

(aka Gaylord Ave Presbyterian Church)

1873 Photo


1884 Aerial Map

115 Gaylord Avenue Dedicated December 1873.[26] Since 1994 Home of Plymouth Historical Society Congregation was chartered June 1868
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Welsh Hill Cemetery

(St. Vincent's Cemetery)

Cemetery Street at Barney Street Dedicated 1874. Abandoned. Graves relocated to new cemetery in 1911.
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
First Water Dam

(Coal Creek No. 1 Reservoir)

Coal Creek Built 1876.[27] Demolished James H. Brown, engineer; Coon Brothers, builder. The dam was 80 feet long and 15 feet deep
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Second Water Dam

(Coal Creek No. 2 Reservoir)

Coal Creek Built 1876.[27] Demolished James H. Brown, engineer; Coon Brothers, builder. The dam was 110 feet long and 20 feet deep
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
First Welsh Baptist Church

(Second Church Building)

1884 Aerial Map West Shawnee Avenue at Girard Avenue Built 1876.[28] Extant Sunday School Annex Added in 1916.[29]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Methodist Church

(Second Church Building)

Photo August 1877

Photo c. 1890

1902 Map

West Main Street across from Academy Street Built 1876–1877; dedicated January 9, 1878.[30] Extant Architect: Charles Vandergrift.[31]

Photo by E.W. Beckwith illustrates the church nearing completion during labor strife of 1877 when troops were stationed in Plymouth.[32]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Third Water Dam

(Coal Creek No. 3 Reservoir)

Coal Creek Built 1878.[27] Demolished James H. Brown, engineer; Coon Brothers, builder: Coon Brothers.[33] The dam was 130 feet long and 25 feet deep.
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Fourth Water Dam

(Coal Creek No. 4 Reservoir)

Coal Creek Built About 1879.[27] Demolished James H. Brown, engineer; Coon Brothers, builder. The dam was 330 feet long and 12 feet deep.
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Vine Street School

(First School Building)

1884 Aerial Map


1896 photo

Vine Street Built 1880 Demolished 1927 Builder: Plymouth Planing Mill.[34]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes

Notable buildings (1881–1900)

[edit]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Stephen's Convent 1904 Photo West Main Street at Wadhams Street Built c. 1881 (between 1879–1884) Extant (2021)
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
German Reformed Church 1884 Aerial Map Willow Street Dedicated November 5, 1882.[35] Extant (2022)
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Franklin Street Primitive Methodist Church

(First Church Building)

1884 Aerial Map


1884 Aerial Map

Franklin Street at Mill Street Dedicated January 28, 1883.[36] Destroyed by fire on March 2, 1913.[37] Formerly the Presbyterian Church of Kingston, built in 1842 and moved to Plymouth in 1882.
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
John J. Shonk House

2017 Photo


Photo about 1900

East Main Street at Vine Street Completed December 1883.[38] Extant Front porch modified between 1912 and 1925.[39]

The sprinter Ben Johnson lived in this house from 1929–1933 when it was owned by Shonk's daughter Clara McAlarney.

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Peter's Episcopal Church

(First Church Building)

1884 Aerial Map Academy St, between Ashley St and West Main St 1879–1884 Replaced by new church in 1893 Formerly "Old Schoolhouse" on Main St., but was relocated and enlarged (after 1879 but before 1884).[40]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
First High School

1904 Postcard


1904 Photo

Shawnee Avenue Built 1884 Destroyed by fire in 1905 Architect: Frederick J. Amsden.[41]

Builder: Samuel Livingston French, Plymouth Planing Mill

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Mary's R.C. Church

(First Church Building and Second School Building)

1891 Map Willow Street.[42] Completed c. 1885 Demolished c. 1950 and replaced with new school building in 1951. Wood frame building.[43]

After the dedication of The second church building in 1905, the first church building was converted to a schoolhouse.

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Mary's R.C. School

(First School Building)

1891 Map Willow Street[44] Completed c. 1885 Demolished Wood frame building.[45]

Converted to a dwelling c. 1907.

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Hose Co. No. 2

(First Firehouse)

Davenport Street at Shawnee Avenue Built c. 1886 Replaced in 1898 by Second Firehouse on West Main Street.[46]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Vincent's R.C. Church

(Second Church Building)

Postcard

c. 1910


Photo 2017

Church St. Cornerstone laid September 1882.

Dedicated September 1887.

Extant but unused since 2006. Architect: Frederick J. Amsden, Scranton, PA.[47]

Builder: J. Nelson, Scranton, PA.[48]

Murals: Ferdinand Baraldi, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[48]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Pioneer Knitting Mills

1896 Map


Lithograph c. 1898

Postcard c. 1910

Shawnee Avenue

East of Downing Street

Established 1890.[49][50][51]

East Wing added 1897

Demolished after 1940

Basement level remains in use

Proprietor: Ambrose West
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Pilgrim Congregational Church Center Avenue at Shawnee Avenue Built after 1873 and by 1891.[52] Extant (2022)
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
No. 3 Fire Company

(First Fire House)

Photo c. 1890 Vine Street Built by 1891.[53] Converted to a residence after 1907.
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Wyoming Valley Knitting Mills

1896 Map


1897 Portrait

Shawnee Avenue Between

Downing and Academy Streets

Established 1891 Demolished after 1925 Proprietor: Thomas West
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Casimir's (Lithuanian) R.C. Church

(First Church Building)

Photo c. 1899 Chestnut Street Dedicated January 1891.[54] Destroyed by fire January 1902 Builder: Grant White.[55]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Ebenezer English Baptist Church Gaylord Avenue at Ashley Street Dedicated October 18, 1891.[56] Extant Congregation was chartered on June 11, 1888.[57]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Town Hall

(Gaylord Avenue)

Photo c. 1900

1918 Photo

Gaylord Avenue Built 1891.[58] Sold for $2,500 in 1943 then demolished in 1944.[59] Architect: Frederick J. Amsden, Scranton, PA.[60]

Builder: Joseph W. Campbell,[61] and/or Charles C. Ransom.[62]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Plymouth Armory

(PA National Guard)

1898 Photo

(During Spanish–American War)

Gaylord Avenue Built 1891 Demolished Architect: Kipp & Podmore, Wilkes-Barre, PA.

Builder: Charles C. Ransom.[63]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Willow Street School

(Second School Building)

1896 Map



1920 photo

Willow Street Built 1892 Demolished October 1972.[64] Architect: Frederick J. Amsden.[65]

Builder: J.W. Campbell, Plymouth, PA

Abandoned as school in 1959.[66]

Re-opened as Youth Center in 1963.

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
DL&W RR Passenger Depot

1896 Map


Postcard c. 1910

West Main Street Completed August 1893.[67] Demolished after 1949 Note: Passenger service ended November 15, 1949.[68]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Peter's Episcopal Church

(Second Church Building)

Postcard c. 1910 Academy Street at Ashley Street Dedicated October 1893 Demolished Architect: Thomas Podmore.[69]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Vincent's Rectory August 2017 Photo Church Street at Eno Street Completed December 1893 Extant Architect: Frederick J. Amsden.[70]

Builder: William O'Malley, Wilkes-Barre, PA.[71]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Stephen's R.C. Church

(First Church Building)

1894 Photo


1904 Photo

Girard Avenue Cornerstone laid October 23, 1887.[72]

Dedicated November 29, 1894.[73]

Demolished 1953 Architect: Frederick J. Amsden.[74]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Carey Avenue Bridge

(First Bridge)

1904 Photo


1904 Photo

Built 1895.[75] Demolished in 1948 and Reused at Retreat Hospital, Newport Twp., PA.[76] Builder: Penn Bridge Co.
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Stegmaier's Beer Depot Rear of 130 West Main Street After 1891 but before 1896 Abandoned or demolished (2022) Later became the Golden Quality Ice Cream factory
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Elm Congregational Church

(First Church Building)

Photo c. 1900 East Main, opposite Elm Street Cornerstone May 24, 1896.[77]

Dedicated September 27, 1896.[78]

Destroyed by fire on January 15, 1916.[79] Built on site of old Morse Tavern.
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Barn Hill School

(aka Temperance Hill School)

Photo c. 1930 Built 1898.[7] Replaced 'Little Red Schoolhouse' on Temperance Hill

Three-room schoolhouse; abandoned as school in 1936

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Hose Company No. 2

(Second Firehouse)

Completed October 1898.[80] Extant with Added Wing
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Nottingham Street School Nottingham Street, between 2nd and 3rd Streets Built 1898.[7] Extant (2022) but no longer a schoolhouse Enlarged in 1910

Abandoned as school in 1957.[81]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
SS Peter & Paul Greek Catholic Church

(First Church Building)

1925 Photo 20 Turner Street Dedicated May 30, 1899.[82] Demolished
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. John the Baptist R.C. Church Photo c. 1910 Nesbitt Street at 3rd Street (Larksville) Dedicated May 31, 1899.[83] Extant
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Ambrose West House

Postcard c. 1910

1906 Photo

Shawnee Avenue Built 1899.[84] Town Hall from 1943–1974

Demolished May 1974.[85]

Builder: Charles C. Ransom.[86]

Became Plymouth Town Hall in 1943

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Polish National Catholic Church

(First Church Building)

Postcard c. 1950 Main Street near Vine Street Under construction by November 1898; cornerstone dedicated on December 26, 1898.[87] Demolished 1990 Clad in aluminum siding in 1956.
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes

Notable buildings (1901–1930)

[edit]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Casimir's (Lithuanian) R.C. Church

(Second Church Building)

About 1910 Chestnut Street Dedicated April 1903.[88] Demolished in 1955 following mine subsidence. Replaced by new church in Hanover Twp., PA, dedicated April 1957.
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Mary's (Polish) R.C. Church

(Second Church Building)

Postcard about 1915


Postcard about 1940

Willow St Foundation built 1902; Dedicated May 30, 1905 Extant but altered. Damaged by fire February 1919.[89]

Re-opened September 1921.[90] Architect: Harry A. Weise

Brick bell tower added in 1984

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Vincent's Convent Postcard About 1915 Church Street Dedicated 1905 Extant Architect: Owen McGlynn

Builder: Charles C. Ransom.[91]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Second High School

(aka Central High School)

Postcard About 1910 Shawnee Avenue Built 1906 Demolished About 1980 Architect: Harry Livingston French

Builder: Charles C. Ransom

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Plymouth National Bank Postcard About 1910 East Main Street

Between Eno St and Center Ave

Built 1907 Facade destroyed in 1966 alteration Architect: Harry Livingston French
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
No. 3 Fire Company Vine Street Dedicated May 26, 1908.[92][93] Extant Builder: Charles C. Ransom
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
No. 1 Fire Company Postcard about 1910 Gaylord Avenue Dedicated December 1908.[94] Extant Architect: Charles Wilson.[92]

Builder: J.D. Cooper

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Third High School


Postcard About 1920.


2007 Photo

Main St. at Wadhams St. Built 1913

Became the Junior High School after 1925

Became an elementary school after 1979

Demolished 2014 Architect: Alfred Freeman, New York, NY

Addition built 1928, Ralph M. Herr, Architect.[95]

13 Room Addition built 1937, Ralph M. Herr, Architect.[96]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Harveys Creek Aqueduct Components:

1) a 1-1/2 mile open channel leading from Pikes Creek Reservoir runs along the west side of Harveys Creek to 2) a 26" diameter pipeline, running down the hill to Harveys Creek and up the hill on the east side, feeding 3) a 2,700 foot-long reinforced concrete aqueduct on the hillside above Harveys Creek, terminating at 4) a short connecting pipeline, running into 5) a 3,400 foot-long, 9' x 7' tunnel, running beneath Shawnee Mountain, emptying into 6) a small collecting reservoir (known as the Jersey Reservoir), drained by 7) a 48" diameter pipeline, 1,300 feet-long, connecting to the distribution point at Coal Creek.[97]

Built 1912–1913 Partially Extant; Abandoned 2011 or earlier. Engineer: J.H. Lance, Spring Brook Water Co.

Builder: Frank Melvin

Capacity: 50 million gallons per day

Name Image Date of Image Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Franklin Street Primitive Methodist Church

(Second Church Building)

1971 Postcard Franklin Street at Mill Street Dedicated November 2, 1913 Extant (2018) Replaced First Church Building destroyed by fire in 1913.
Name Image Date of Image Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Plymouth–Breslau Bridge

1914 Photo


1915 Photo


1989 Photo


Opposite Gaylord Avenue Completed 1914.[98] Demolished Builder: Penn Bridge Co., Beaver Falls, PA, H.S. Battie, Engineer

Bridge widened in 1945–1946

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
First National Bank

(Second Building)

Postcard 1915


2009 Photo

West Main St. Built 1915 Extant Architect: Harry Livingston French
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Elm Congregational Church

(Second Church Building)

2009 Photo East Main opposite Elm Street Cornerstone May 12, 1917.[99] Extant Builder: Samuel Reynolds.[100]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Soldiers & Sailors Monument

1932 Photo


2007 Photo

West Main Street Dedicated in 1920 Extant but needing restoration Sculptor: George Brewster
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Huber Stadium, Plymouth High School Postcard About 1940 West Main Street Dedicated May 15, 1920.[101] Replaced with new athletic fields about 2014 Stadium walls were built around existing athletic fields from Sept 1935 to July 1936 with WPA labor.[102]

Architect: Ralph M. Herr.[103]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Vincent's School

(Second School Building)

August 2017 Photo Church St. Built 1922 Extant but converted to residential use Architect: Emile G. Perrot, Philadelphia, PA.[104]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Stephen's Parochial School Wadhams Street Begun June 1922

Dedicated September 3, 1923.[105]

Demolished Architect: Henry A. Weise

Builder: Alaimo Brothers, Pittston, PA

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
B'nai Israel Synagogue 1924 Photo Center Avenue near Church Street Cornerstone October 5, 1924.[106] Extant Architect: Henry A. Weise.[107]

Builder: Harry T. Perkins.[108]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Fourth High School

(aka Ward P. Davenport High School)

1932 Photo West Main Street Dedicated February 1925 Demolished 1979.[109] Architect: Lewis Hancock Jr., Scranton, PA

Builder: Herman Mailander

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Shawnee Movie Theater 1925 Photo West Main Street Grand Opening May 25, 1925 Demolished
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Polish Alliance Hall August 2017 Photo 404 West Main Street Dedicated 1928 Extant Architect: Thomas A. Foster

Contractor: M.L. Roth.[110]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Vine Street School

(Second School Building)

1928 Photo Vine Street Dedicated September 1928.[111] Extant (2021) but no longer a school. Architect: Ralph M. Herr
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Comerford Mausoleum St Vincent's Cemetery Dedicated May 30, 1928.[112] Extant (2023).
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Bell Telephone Building 1930 Photo 37-39 Willow Street Built 1930.[113] Mechanized telephone switching station, which replaced human telephone operators based in Center Avenue office.
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes

Notable buildings (1931–1972)

[edit]
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Plymouth Post Office

Postcard c. 1940

2017 Photo

West Main Street Dedicated November 1935 Extant.

Addition completed February 1966.[114]

Replaced post office at 127 West Main Street.[115]

Murals by Jared French

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Huber Stadium Walls, Plymouth High School Postcard c. 1940 West Main Street Walls completed 1936 Demolished and replaced with new athletic fields about 2014 Stadium walls were built around existing athletic fields from Sept 1935 to July 1936 with WPA labor.[116]

Architect: Ralph M. Herr.[117]

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Dr. George R. Drake Memorial

Electric Scoreboard

In Huber Stadium Dedicated September 1948.[118] Demolished Paid for by the Plymouth Lettermen's Club
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Carey Avenue Bridge

(Second Bridge)

Dedicated September 20, 1948.[119] Demolished in 2002 and replaced by third bridge. Builder: C. F. Goeringer
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Mary's Parochial School

(Third School Building)

Willow Street Dedicated September 9, 1951 Extant Architect: Michael J. Bochnik
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Ebenezer Baptist Church

Educational Building

Girard Avenue Dedicated June 8, 1952.[120] Extant Architect: Michael J. Bochnik

Builder: William Jenkins, Plymouth, PA

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
St. Stephen's Church

(Second Church Building)

Wadhams Street Dedicated July 3, 1955 Extant Architect: George Yundt, Allentown, PA.

Builder: Anthony Grosek, Plains, PA.

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Plymouth National Guard Armory

(Second Building)

747 West Main Street Dedicated September 22, 1962.[121] Extant Architect: Price & Dickey, Architects, Media, PA

Builder: Raymon R. Hedden & Co., Dallas, PA

Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Plymouth Public Library West Main Street Completed February 1969

Dedicated May 17, 1970.[122]

Extant Architect: Michael J. Bochnik
Name Image Image Date Location Year Built Current Condition class="unsortable" Notes

Coal breakers below Academy Street

[edit]
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Jameson Harvey Breaker 1864 Painting West Main Street near West Nanticoke Demolished in 1871 after a boiler explosion.
Grand Tunnel - Freeman Thomas's Coal Chute West Main Street near West Nanticoke Built c. 1832 by Freeman Thomas.[123] Destroyed by fire January 1860.[123]
Grand Tunnel - Mammouth Co.'s Coal Chute West Main Street near West Nanticoke Built in 1860 to replace Freeman Thomas' Grand Tunnel Coal Chute.[123]
MacFarlane Breaker West Main Street near West Nanticoke Built 1857.[124] Destroyed by fire in 1865.[124]
Susquehanna Coal Co. No. 3 Breaker Photo by E.W. Beckwith c. 1875 1884 Map

West Main Street near West Nanticoke Built 1872 to replace Jameson Harvey Breaker Demolished 1932 Designer: Charles F. Ingram, Engineer, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania

Builder: James Linskill.[125]

Purchased in 1922 by the Grand Tunnel Coal Co.[126]

Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Chauncey Colliery Breaker

(First Building)

1911 1884 Map

West Main Street Built Before 1873 Demolished 1919
Chauncey Colliery Breaker

(Second Building)

West Main Street Built 1919.[127] Destroyed by Fire January 1923 Designer: Frank B. Davenport, Engineer.
Chauncey Colliery Breaker

(Third Building)

1926 West Main Street Completed April 1923.[128] Demolished 1941 Designer: Paul Sterling, Engineer, Wilkes-Barre, PA

Builder: E.E. Reilly, Kingston, PA

Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Avondale Colliery Breaker

(First Building)

September 1869 West Main Street Destroyed by fire September 1869
Avondale Colliery Breaker

(Second Building)

1884 Map

West Main Street Built 1870 Designer: Henry J. Phillips, Engineer.[129]
Avondale Colliery Breaker

(Third Building)

West Main Street Completed November 1905.[130] Demolished 1935
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Jersey Colliery Breaker 1884 Map

West Main Street Built before 1873.[131] Demolished after 1884
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Plymouth Red Ash Coal Co. Breaker West Main Street

East of DeHaven Street

Completed December 1914.[132] Demolished June 1942.[133] Leased from John Turner Estate
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Washington Colliery Breaker

(First Building)

1884 1884 Map

Flat Road below West Main Street Built c. 1854 Demolished 1890 Known (by 1873) as J. R. Reynolds Breaker

Known (by 1884) as Lehigh & Wilkes-Barre Coal Co. "Reynolds No. 16"

Washington Colliery Breaker

(Second Building)

Postcard c. 1906 Flat Road below West Main Street Built 1890 Demolished 1912 Known as Lehigh & Wilkes-Barre Coal Co. "Reynolds No. 16"
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Nottingham Colliery Breaker

(First Building)

Postcard 1905

Old Breaker (left) New Breaker (right)

1884 Map

West Main Street Built 1868.[134] Enlarged 1875.[135] Demolished 1905
Nottingham Colliery Breaker

(Second Building)

Postcard c. 1910 NA West Main Street Built

1903–1905

Demolished August 1936
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes

Coal breakers above Academy Street

[edit]
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Parrish Colliery Breaker

(First Building)

1884 (see item 28 on aerial map) West Main Street near Downing Street Built 1884 Destroyed by fire 1887 Builder: Joseph C. Tyrrell.[136]
Parrish Colliery Breaker

(Second Building)

1901 1896 map

1902 Map

West Main Street near Downing Street Completed 1887.[137] Collapsed in Storm 1920 Builder: J.C. Tyrrell.[138]

Foreman: Alexander Scott.[137]

Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Dodson Colliery Breaker

(First Building)

Photo c. 1875


Photo August 1877

1884 Map

East Main Street opposite Cherry Street Built 1870 Destroyed by fire July 1899
Dodson Colliery Breaker

(Second Building)

Postcard c. 1912 1902 Map

East Main Street opposite Cherry Street Built 1900 Demolished
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Lance Colliery Breaker

(First Building)

Photo c. 1867

1877 Photo

East Main Street near Chestnut Street Built c. 1865; Remodeled in 1873.[139] Demolition begun October 1882.[140] 1877 Photo shows Lance Breaker in Distance.
Lance Colliery Breaker

(Second Building)

1884 Aerial Map



1899 Photo

1884 Map

East Main Street near Chestnut Street Built 1882-1883.[141] Demolished July 1931.[142]
Lance Colliery Breaker

(Third Building)

Postcard c. 1940 East Main Street near Chestnut Street Built 1931 Demolished (some ancillary buildings remain)
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Gaylord Colliery Breaker

(First Building)

1873 Map

Washington Avenue (aka Prospect Avenue) above Cherry Street Built c. 1872.[143] Destroyed by fire 1879
Gaylord Colliery Breaker

(Second Building)

1884 Aerial Map

Postcard c. 1906

1884 Map

Washington Avenue (aka Prospect Avenue) above Cherry Street Built 1879 Demolished 1935 Builder: A.B. Tyrell.[144]
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Hillside Colliery Breaker Plymouth "above Welsh Hill."[145] Completed May 1906 Demolished after 1917 Builder: Coats & Haywood.[146]
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
D&H Breaker No. 5 (aka Fuller's Shaft)

(First Building)

1884

1905

1884 Map

Washington Avenue above Carver Street Built before 1873 Became a Washery 1899; Destroyed by fire April 1907.[147]
D&H Breaker No. 5 (Loree)

(Second Building)

Postcard c. 1910 Shupp's Creek Built about 1898.[148] Destroyed by Fire 1919.[149]
D&H Breaker No. 5 (Loree)

(Third Building)

1919 Photos Shupp's Creek Completed April 1919.[150] Demolished in 1993.
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
D&H Breaker No. 4 (Swetland Shaft) 1884 Aerial Map 1884 Map

Intersection of Vine Street and State Street Built 1857.[151] Abandoned January 1899.[152] Demolished 1901
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Boston Colliery Breaker

(First Building)

Photo c. 1875 1884 Map

East Main Street at Shupp's Creek Built 1874 or earlier.[153] Destroyed by fire in 1887 Photo by E.W. Beckwith
Boston Colliery Breaker

(Second Building)

1904 NA State Street at Shupp's Creek Built 1887 Demolished 1909
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
D&H No.1 Colliery Breaker

(First Building)

East Main Street at Shupp's Creek Destroyed by Fire September 1, 1876.[154]
D&H No.1 Colliery Breaker

(Second Building)

1884 Map

East Main Street at Shupp's Creek Demolished
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
D&H No.2 Colliery Breaker 1884 Map

Shupp's Creek Built 1864.[155] Demolished 1916.[156]
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
D&H No.3 Colliery Breaker

(First Building)

1884 Map

Shupp's Creek Built before 1873.[157]

Unused as of October 1879.[158]

Destroyed by Fire November 15, 1894.[159]
D&H No.3 Colliery Breaker

(Second Building)

Shupp's Creek Built 1893 Destroyed by Fire 1916.[156]
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes
Woodward Colliery

(First Building)

1900 Photo Toby's Creek (Edwardsville) Completed July 1888.[160] Demolished 1917
Woodward Colliery

(Second Building)

Toby's Creek (Edwardsville) Built 1917.[161] Demolished Foundation: Curtis Construction Co. of New York.[162]
Name Image Date of Image Map Location Year Built Current Condition Notes

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ The Daily Union Leader (Wilkes-Barre, PA), December 21, 1882, page 1, col 2.
  2. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Telephone, March 1, 1883, page 2.
  3. ^ The Scranton Republican, May 25, 1896, page 8.
  4. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, January 7, 1936, page 3.
  5. ^ Samuel Livingston French, Reminiscences of Plymouth, Penna., 1915, page 38.
  6. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Record, March 3, 1922, page 12.
  7. ^ a b c d e f The Wilkes-Barre Record, February 13, 1925, page 23.
  8. ^ Samuel L. French, Reminiscences of Plymouth, PA (1915), page 23.
  9. ^ Daily Record of the Times (Wilkes-Barre, PA), June 9, 1875, page 4.
  10. ^ a b Daily Record of the Times (Wilkes-Barre, PA), October 6, 1874, page 3.
  11. ^ The Union Leader, September 20, 1877, page 3.
  12. ^ Samuel L. French, Reminiscences of Plymouth, PA (1915), page 22.
  13. ^ Wilkes-Barre Record, June 2, 1900, page 5.
  14. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Record, July 7, 1896, page 8.
  15. ^ The Evening News (Wilkes-Barre, PA), March 4, 1916, page 10.
  16. ^ The Luzerne Union, September 21, 1870, p. 2
  17. ^ "Plymouth," Scranton Republican, December 1, 1870, p. 3
  18. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, April 22, 1961, page 6.
  19. ^ Wilkes-Barre Record, March 31, 1892, page 7.
  20. ^ Wilkes-Barre Record, March 15, 1900, page 11.
  21. ^ The Luzerne Union, October 23, 1872, Page 3.
  22. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, March 25, 1922, Page 13.
  23. ^ Rev. John H. Acornley, A History of the Primitive Methodist Church (1909).
  24. ^ Wilkes-Barre Record, June 27, 1887, page 4.
  25. ^ History of Luzerne, Lackawanna and Wyoming Counties, Pa. (New York, New York: W.W. Munsell & Co., 1980).
  26. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, December 18, 1948, page 3.
  27. ^ a b c d Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, June 2, 1886, Page 2.
  28. ^ The Evening News (Wilkes-Barre, PA), March 4, 1916, page 10.
  29. ^ The Evening News (Wilkes-Barre, PA), March 4, 1916, page 10.
  30. ^ Record of the Times, January 10, 1878, page 4.
  31. ^ The Weekly Star (Plymouth, PA), January 26, 1876, page 5.
  32. ^ See: Samuel L. French, Reminiscences of Plymouth, PA (1915), pages 89-90.
  33. ^ The Weekly Star (Plymouth, Pennsylvania), September 20, 1876, page 5.
  34. ^ Record of the Times (Wilkes-Barre), July 2, 1880, page 4.
  35. ^ Sunday News (Wilkes-Barre), October 8, 1882, page 5.
  36. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, September 28, 1971, page 2.
  37. ^ The Daily Record (Wilkes-Barre, PA), March 3, 1913.
  38. ^ The Weekly Star, December 1, 1883, page 5.
  39. ^ See 1912 and 1925 Sanborn Insurance Maps.
  40. ^ See H.C. Bradsby, ed., History of Luzerne County, page 434.
  41. ^ The Weekly Star (Plymouth, PA), July 26, 1883, page 5.
  42. ^ See 1891 Sanborn Insurance Map.
  43. ^ See 1891, 1896 and 1907 Sanborn Insurance Maps.
  44. ^ See 1891 Sanborn Insurance Maps.
  45. ^ See 1891, 1896 and 1907 Sanborn Insurance Maps.
  46. ^ The Wilkes-Barre News, October 26, 1898, page 5, col 3.
  47. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, September 25, 1887, Page 8.
  48. ^ a b The Sunday Leader (Wilkes-Barre), August 4, 1889, page 4.
  49. ^ The Wilkes-Barre News, February 10, 1890, page 4.
  50. ^ The Wilkes-Barre News, June 3, 1890, page 4.
  51. ^ The Evening News (Wilkes-Barre), April 7, 1910, page 10.
  52. ^ 1891 Sanborn Map, Plymouth, Pa.
  53. ^ 1891 Sanborn Map, Plymouth, Pa.
  54. ^ The Sunday Leader (Wilkes-Barre), December 21, 1890, page 6.
  55. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Record, June 19, 1890, page 5.
  56. ^ The Plymouth Tribune, October 23, 1891, page 1.
  57. ^ The Weekly Star (Plymouth, PA), June 14, 1888, page 3.
  58. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Record, April 7, 1891, page 5.
  59. ^ Sunday Independent, December 31, 1944, page B-6.
  60. ^ The Sunday News, March 16, 1890, Page 2.
  61. ^ The Sunday Leader, November 30, 1890, page 2. Campbell was a veteran of the Civil War with the 187th PA Volunteers, and was part of the honor guard to Lincoln's body in Philadelphia in 1865.
  62. ^ Record of the Times, June 13, 1890, page 5.
  63. ^ The Sunday Leader, November 23, 1890, page 23.
  64. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, October 1, 1972, page 3.
  65. ^ Wilkes-Barre Record, March 25, 1892, page 7.
  66. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, August 11, 1959, page 3.
  67. ^ The Wilkes-Barre News, August 19, 1893, page 3.
  68. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, November 15, 1949, page 3.
  69. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, October 18, 1893, Page 8.
  70. ^ The Weekly Star (Plymouth, PA), November 2, 1893, page 5.
  71. ^ The Sunday Leader, December 9, 1893, page 14.
  72. ^ Sunday News (Wilkes-Barre, PA), October 23, 1887, page 4.
  73. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, November 30, 1894, page 2.
  74. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times, June 27, 1894, page 3.
  75. ^ The Weekly Star, July 11, 1895, page 5.
  76. ^ Wilkes-Barre Record, January 29, 1948, page 13.
  77. ^ The Scranton Republican, May 25, 1896, page 8.
  78. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Record, September 28, 1896, page 10.
  79. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Record, January 17, 1916, page 18.
  80. ^ The Sunday Leader (Wilkes-Barre, PA), October 23, 1898, page 6, col 1.
  81. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, August 15, 1957, page 3.
  82. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Record, May 31, 1899, page 5.
  83. ^ The Wilkes-Barre News, May 31, 1899, page 6.
  84. ^ Sunday News (Wilkes-Barre, PA), December 3, 1899, page 6.
  85. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, June 2, 1974.
  86. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Record, May 6, 1899, page 10.
  87. ^ Church 75th Anniversary booklet, 1973.
  88. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times, April 14, 1903, Page 10
  89. ^ Wilkes-Barre Record, February 27, 1919, Page 3.
  90. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, September 5, 1921, page 9.
  91. ^ Wilkes-Barre Record, August 5, 1904, page 2.
  92. ^ a b Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, April 21, 1908, page 14.
  93. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, May 27, 1908, page 14.
  94. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, December 2, 1908, page 4.
  95. ^ Wilkes-Barre Record, March 16, 1927, page 26.
  96. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, February 18, 1937, page 9.
  97. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times, June 13, 1913.
  98. ^ Wilkes-Barre Semi-Weekly Record, February 10, 1914, page 8.
  99. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Record, May 10, 1917, page 18.
  100. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Record, March 29, 1917, Page 18
  101. ^ The Evening News (Wilkes-Barre), May 17, 1920.
  102. ^ The Evening News (Wilkes-Barre), September 17, 1936, page 19.
  103. ^ The Evening News (Wilkes-Barre, PA), August 4, 1935, page 13.
  104. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, October 10, 1922, Page 21
  105. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, September 4, 1923, Page 6, Column 1.
  106. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, June 13, 1924, Page 31.
  107. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Record, October 6, 1924, page 20.
  108. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, June 27, 1924, Page 36
  109. ^ The Times Leader, July 12, 1979.
  110. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, October 24, 1928, page 19.
  111. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, August 17, 1928, page 21.
  112. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, May 31, 1928, page 25.
  113. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, August 13, 1930, page 15.
  114. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, February 24, 1966, page 8.
  115. ^ 1925 Sanborn Map, Plymouth, Pa.
  116. ^ The Evening News (Wilkes-Barre), September 17, 1936, page 19.
  117. ^ The Evening News (Wilkes-Barre, PA), August 4, 1935, page 13.
  118. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, June 30, 1948, page 3.
  119. ^ Wilkes-Barre Record, September 21, 1948, page 17.
  120. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, June 4, 1952, page 4.
  121. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, September 20, 1962, page 9.
  122. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, May 16, 1970, page 4.
  123. ^ a b c P. Frazer Smith, Pennsylvania State Reports, vol. LV (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Kay & Brother, 1868), pages 18-19.
  124. ^ a b W.W. Munsell & Co., History of Luzerne, Lackawanna & Wyoming Counties (1880), page 354.
  125. ^ Wilkes-Barre Daily, August 1, 1872, p.3.
  126. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, March 14, 1923, page 7.
  127. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Record, August 26, 1919, page 24.
  128. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Record, April 20, 1923, page 5.
  129. ^ The New York Times, April 3, 1870.
  130. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, November 23, 1905, page 12.
  131. ^ See 1873 Beers Map, Plymouth Township.
  132. ^ Wilkes-Barre Record, December 12, 1914.
  133. ^ Sunday Independent (Wilkes-Barre), June 7, 1942.
  134. ^ The Coal Trade Journal, June 5, 1912, page 524.
  135. ^ Daily Record of the Times (Wilkes-Barre), July 23, 1875, page 3.
  136. ^ Engineering and Mining Journal, September 20, 1884.
  137. ^ a b The Wilkes-Barre News, July 25, 1887, page 1.
  138. ^ The Wilkes-Barre Telephone, April 30, 1887, page 3.
  139. ^ Reports of the Inspectors of Mines, 1873.
  140. ^ "Coal Trade Notes," Coal Magazine, November 1, 1882, page 345.
  141. ^ Daily Union Leader (Wilkes-Barre, PA), December 9, 1882, page 1.
  142. ^ Sunday Independent, July 12, 1931.
  143. ^ Henderson Gaylord's lease of the mine in 1872 specifies that the lessee construct a suitable breaker.
  144. ^ Wilkes-Barre Semi-Weekly Record, July 26, 1879, page 3.
  145. ^ Wilkes-Barre Record, June 6, 1906, page 13.
  146. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times, April 26, 1906, page 8.
  147. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, April 29, 1907, page 12.
  148. ^ Sunday News (Wilkes-Barre, PA), December 11, 1898, page 8.
  149. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, January 22, 1919, page 1.
  150. ^ "Rebuilding the Loree Breaker," W.S. Hutchinson, Coal Age, Vol. 16, No. 9, page 352.
  151. ^ The Union Leader (Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania), June 14, 1895, page 5 (obituary, J.W. Eno).
  152. ^ Sunday News (Wilkes-Barre, PA), December 11, 1898, page 8.
  153. ^ Daily Record of the Times, November 4, 1874, page 3.
  154. ^ The Weekly Star (Plymouth, Pennsylvania, September 6, 1876, page 5.
  155. ^ W.W. Munsell, History of Luzerne, Lackawanna and Wyoming Counties (1880), page 357.
  156. ^ a b Wilkes-Barre Record, January 23, 1919, page 9.
  157. ^ Breaker is shown on 1873 Beers Map, Plymouth Twp., PA
  158. ^ W.W. Munsell, History of Luzerne, Lackawanna and Wyoming Counties (1880), page 357.
  159. ^ Wilkes-Barre Record, November 16, 1894, page 1.
  160. ^ Reports of the Inspectors of Mines...for the year 1888 (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Edwin K. Meyers, 1889).
  161. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, August 17, 1917.
  162. ^ Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, August 17, 1917.
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