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Livestreamed crime

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Livestreamed crime is a phenomenon in which people publicly livestream, (upload video and/or audio in real time) criminal acts on social media platforms such as Twitch or Facebook Live.

Due to the fact that livestreams are accessible instantaneously, it is difficult to quickly detect and moderate violent content, and almost impossible to protect the privacy of victims or bystanders.[1][2][3][4] Livestreaming crime allows anyone from the public to become a distant witness.[5]

History

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In April 2016, Marina Lonina, age 18; and Raymond Gates, age 29, were arrested in Ohio, US on charges that Gates raped an underage friend of Lonina's while Lonina live streamed the crime on Periscope.[6][7] The prosecutor pointed out that Lonina, who was taken advantage of by a much older man, had become "caught up" in her excitement over the number of "likes" she was getting, and is shown on screen "laughing and giggling".[6] Joss Wright of the Oxford Internet Institute pointed out that, given the "volume of content being created and uploaded every day, [there] is almost no practical way to prevent content like this being uploaded and shared".[7]

By May, The New York Times was including the Periscope rape as one of a series of recent cases in which crimes were live streamed. These included one in which a young woman in Égly, France, speaks via Periscope about her distress and suicidal thoughts and is apparently encouraged by viewers to kill herself, which she does by throwing herself under a train. Also included was the case of two teenagers who live stream themselves bragging and laughing as they beat up a drunken man in a bar in Bordeaux, France.[8]

Types

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Cybersex trafficking

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Main article: Cybersex trafficking

Cybersex trafficking, also referred to as live streaming sexual abuse,[9][10][11] involves sex trafficking and the live streaming of coerced sexual abuse and or rape on webcam.[12][13][14] Victims are abducted, threatened, or deceived and transferred to "cybersex dens".[15][16][17] The dens can be in any location where the cybersex traffickers have a computer, tablet, or phone with Internet connection.[13] Perpetrators use social media networks, videoconferences, pornographic video sharing websites, dating pages, online chat rooms, apps, dark web sites,[18] and other platforms.[19] They use online payment systems[18][20][21] and cryptocurrencies to hide their identities.[22] Millions of reports of its occurrence are sent to authorities annually.[23] New laws and police procedures are needed to combat this type of cybercrime.[24]

War crimes and cyberterrorism

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Main article: War crime
Main article: Cyberterrorism

A war crime is the act of breaking the laws of war, and in recent years, there have been more instances of people or groups live-streaming such acts to instill fear into the public. Some groups create websites or use the dark web to host these live streams.[citation needed][examples needed] Many times, the videos are of hostages or prisoners of war that are used as leverage or as a means of exerting fear and control.[examples needed]

Instances

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2008

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  • 8 June: A bystander livestreamed the Akihabara massacre on Ustream, attracting an audience of 2,000 viewers. Another user also used Ustream to livestream the massacre's aftermath, including police and public response.[25]

2015

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  • 12 July: Two West Weber, Utah teenagers were arrested after filming themselves stealing ice cream from a truck while livestreaming on Periscope.[26]

2016

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2017

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2018

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  • 22 February: A Middletown, Connecticut man livestreamed himself on Facebook Live as he drove through the front doors of a hospital, before setting himself on fire. The man was treated for burn injuries and arrested.[36]
  • 4 April: A Detroit teenager accidentally shot their friend while playing with a gun on Instagram Live.[37]
  • 26 August: David Katz shot 12 people during a video game tournament, killing two. The shooting was livestreamed by the event's Twitch stream.[38]

2019

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2020

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2021

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2022

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2023

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  • 25 March: A Columbus, Mississippi woman fatally shot a man in a domestic violence incident on Facebook Live.[69]
  • 10 April: 25-year-old Connor James Sturgeon livestreamed on Instagram as he opened fire at a bank he previously worked at in Louisville, Kentucky, killing 5 and wounding 8 before being fatally shot by police.[70]
  • 25 April: 2 women in Holmes County, Mississippi were fatally shot on Facebook Live after a fight.[71]
  • 27 April: A Minneapolis man barricaded himself for several hours in a standoff with the FBI before being fatally shot, all while livestreaming on Facebook Live. [72]
  • 23 May: 2 men were attacked with a knife while livestreaming on Douyin in Xiamen, China.[73]
  • 7 June: A Shreveport, Louisiana woman "fired wildly" during an argument on a Facebook Live broadcast.[74]
  • 16 June: A Doda, Jammu and Kashmir man murdered a relative with an axe during a Facebook Live broadcast.[75]
  • 23 July: After murdering his ex-girlfriend and her sister, a Tallahassee, Florida man streamed his suicide on Facebook Live.[76]
  • August: An Oklahoma teenager was accidentally shot in the face by another teenager.[77]
  • 11 August: A Gradačac man shot and killed his ex-wife and 2 other people live on Instagram. He also wounded a police officer and 2 others before killing himself.[78]
  • 7 October: During the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel, Hamas fighters livestreamed the attack through Facebook Live, sometimes from phones stolen from Israelis.[79][80]
  • 9 October: An 18-year-old Hebron man livestreamed on Facebook as he attempted to attack Israeli soldiers with a construction vehicle.[81]
  • 20 October: 2 San Antonio teenagers accused of a fatal drive-by shooting livestreamed a car chase and their subsequent arrest on Instagram Live.[82]
  • 22 October: A San Antonio man shot at a dog during a livestream.[83]
  • 29 October: A shooting during Halloween festivities at Ybor City, a neighborhood in Tampa, which resulted in 2 dead was livestreamed on Instagram Live by victims.[84]
  • 5 November: A Calamba, Misamis Occidental radio host was shot and killed during a Facebook Live broadcast.[85]
  • 12 December: A group of friends in a Miami-Dade County rental were livestreaming when their house was shot at in a drive-by shooting, wounding a woman.[86]
  • 12 December: An Uber driver in Mexico was shot during a struggle while driving and streaming on TikTok.[87]
  • 15 December: 54-year-old Serhiy Batryn detonated 3 grenades during a meeting at Keretsky town hall, killing 1 and wounding 26. The meeting was being livestreamed at the time of the attack.[88][89]

2024

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  • 2 January: A Waukesha, Wisconsin man engaged in a shootout with police on Facebook Live following a domestic violence call.[90]
  • 8 January: A San Rafael, California woman stabbed her mother to death on Facebook Live.[91]
  • 8 February: Indian politician Mauris Noronha shot and killed his rival Abhishek Ghosalkaron on Facebook Live before killing himself.[92]
  • 13 April: A man livestreamed himself as he fired several shots from a rifle while on the roof of a Marina del Rey, California apartment building.[93]
  • 9 May: A Korean YouTuber fatally stabbed another YouTuber on a livestream.[94]
  • 23 May: A Fort Wayne, Indiana man fired several shots at a random person inside a Kroger supermarket while on Facebook Live.[95]
  • 26 June: A 19-year old Jordan Patten livestreamed himself attempting to commit a mass stabbing in Newcastle but eventually gave up. No one was injured. [96]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Lehigh University (3 August 2016). "Live-streaming crime How will Facebook Live and Periscope challenge US privacy law?". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  2. ^ Stewart, D. R. C.; Littau, J. (2016). "Up, Periscope: Mobile Streaming Video Technologies, Privacy in Public, and the Right to Record". Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly. 93 (2): 312. doi:10.1177/1077699016637106. S2CID 147375255.
  3. ^ Phippen, J. Weston (6 January 2017). "The Desire to Live-Stream Violence". The Atlantic. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  4. ^ Surette, Raymond (2015). "Performance Crime and Justice". Current Issues in Criminal Justice. 21 (2). Australasian Legal Information Institute: 195. doi:10.1080/10345329.2015.12036041. S2CID 148367691. Retrieved 26 September 2018.
  5. ^ Gregory, Sam (6 June 2021). "Live-streaming for frontline and distant witnessing: A case study exploring mediated human rights experience, immersive witnessing, action, and solidarity in the Mobil-Eyes Us project". NECSUS European Journal of Media Studies.
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  7. ^ a b "Woman accused of live-streaming rape on Periscope". BBC News. 14 April 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2017.
  8. ^ Blaise, Lilia; Morenne, Benoît (11 May 2016). "Suicide on Periscope Prompts French Officials to Open Inquiry". The New York Times. Retrieved 28 January 2017.
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