Камерун на летних паралимпийских играх 2008 года
| Камерун в 2008 летние Паралимпийские игры | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Код IPC | CMR |
| Npc | Камерунский паралимпийский комитет |
| в Пекине | |
| Конкуренты | 0 в 0 видов спорта |
| Носитель флага | Никто |
| Медали |
|
| Летние паралимпийские игры ( обзор ) | |
Камерун не участвовал на летних Паралимпийских играх 2008 года, комитета (МПК) национального комитета Паралимпийского комитета был приостановлен потому что Международный комитет Паралимпийского за неспособность оплатить членские взносы.
Войдя в Пекинские игры , Камерун был одной из ряда африканских стран, которые еще не участвовали на Паралимпийских играх. Эти страны не смогли участвовать из -за внутреннего развития и финансовых проблем.
Конкретные проблемы Камеруна, связанные с тем, что они связаны с играми 2008 года, были приостановлением МПК за неспособность оплатить членские взносы, и не хватает NPC, не имеющего закона о организационном управлении. В Камеруне были и другие условия, специфичные для внутренней организации инвалидности. К ним относятся три или четыре организации, утверждающие, что являются законным NPC страны, и конфликты между этими NPC и Министерством спорта и физического воспитания Камеруна (MINSEP).
Two Cameroon para-sportspeople that might have been eligible to represent the country at the 2008 Games included Francis Biwole Nkodo and Norbert Tsoungui.
Background
[edit]Cameroon was a member of the international Paralympic movement by the 2000s.[1] Cameroon, along with Guatemala, Guinea, Niger, Sierra Leone, Sudan and Uganda were originally supposed to participate in the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney. For a variety of reasons, all these countries withdrew before the start of the Games.[2][3]
They were one of a number of French speaking African countries who had not participated at a Summer Paralympic Games by 2008. Other countries included Congo and Togo, along with the English speaking countries of Liberia and Gambia, and Portuguese speaking Guinea-Bissau. This was a result of either lack of development of disability sport in the country or problems in financing international participation in disability sport.[1]
Relationship with the IPC
[edit]Cameroon had missed out on the ability to participate at the 2004 Games in Athens and the 2008 Games in Beijing because the NPC was tardy in paying membership fees to the International Paralympic Committee and were suspended around the time of both Games.[4] At the time that the Cameroon was trying to find a way to pay the membership fees they owed the IPC in order to participate at the 2008 Games, the NPC owed a total of around 320,000 XOF (USD$577.07).[5][6] Cameroon had hoped they could get unsuspended in time to compete in Beijing after having been re-suspended since 2005.[6]
FECASH, which was one of four organizations serving as the NPC for Cameroon, lacked any statutes. Having statutes was a then requirement of the International Paralympic Committee to be a member of the IPC in good standing.[7]
National Paralympic Committee
[edit]Ahead of the 2008 Beijing Paralympics, it was not always clear which organization was the legitimate NPC for Cameroon. There were three or four potential candidates as the legitimate NPC: FECASH, the CPC, and two other organizations.[7][8] The first was Cameroonian Sports Federation for People with Disabilities (FECASH).[translations 1] The organization was founded in 1998.[7][9] A second was Paralympic Club Cameroon (CPC)[translations 2] which also failed to get government approval before trying to become the IPC recognized NPC. In 2008 CPC was led by President Etienne Songa. Songa challenged the government's claim of failure for recognition. Songa claimed that FECASH, as a result of owing the IPC money, notified the IPC that the CPC should be recognized as the NPC for Cameroon. Songa's statements were supported by CPC Technical Director Jean-Marie Aléokol Mabiemé.[8] The third organization was founded in 2004 by a former FECASH Vice President without approval from the government. The founder subsequently moved to the United States.[8]
Internal issues
[edit]There was internal disputes in Cameroon regarding the funding issues and the responsibility to pay the IPC. Then CPC President Etienne Songa said that the CPC had requested funds from the government to pay what they owed to the IPC by August 2008 to insure that Cameroon could participate at the 2008 Games. According to Songa, the Ministry of Sports and Physical Education (MINSEP) had never contributed to the CPC's budget, which explained why the CPC was unable to pay membership fees. Association of Sports for the Physically Handicapped[translations 3] President Alexandre Epouné called Cameroon's absence from the 2008 Games a national embarrassment.[5]
The Ministry of Sports and Physical Education disputed some claims by the CPC regarding the reasons for the problems that left the country unable to send a team to the 2008 Games. One reason was that because there were four different committees claiming to be the CPC inside Cameroon. MINSEP also pointed out that FECASH, which was serving as the NPC for Cameroon, lacked any statutes. This undermined their claims of legitimacy in the eyes of the Ministry as having statutes was a then requirement of the International Paralympic Committee to be a member of the IPC in good standing.[7]
An anonymous source at the Ministry of Sports and Physical Education alleged to Mboa.info that the creation of an alternative NPC to FECASH was an effort by some people "to find issues to make money or travel. The proof is that every time they left, they did not come back."[10][translations 4]
Sportspeople
[edit]One of the sportspeople that had been considered a potential participant to representing Cameroon in Beijing was athlete Francis Biwole Nkodo, whom the CPC thought had a real chance to medal in Beijing.[5]
One of the sportspeople who had been hoping to represent Cameroon at the 2008 Games was Norbert Tsoungui. He said of the reason he was unable to participate, "Cameroon is absent because of lack of clarity in the management of disability sport in Cameroon. It is this uncertainty which led to the suspension of the Cameroon federation."[10][translations 5]
See also
[edit]
Translations
[edit]- ^ The name of the organization in French is Fédération camerounaise des sports pour personnes handicapées (Fécash)
- ^ The name of the organization in French is Club paralympique camerounai
- ^ The name of the organization in French is, Association des sportifs handicapés moteurs (Handisports)
- ^ The original statement in French was, «le but pour ces gens était de trouver des issues pour se faire de l'argent ou voyager. La preuve c'est que chaque fois qu'ils sont partis, ils ne sont pas revenus».[10]
- ^ The original statement in French was, «le Cameroun est absent à cause du flou qui règne dans la gestion du sport pour handicapés au Cameroun. C'est ce flou qui a conduit à la suspension de la fédération camerounaise.»[10]
References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b Brittain, Ian (2009-09-11). The Paralympic Games Explained. Routledge. ISBN 9781134023424.
- ^ Bailey, Steve (2008-02-28). Athlete First: A History of the Paralympic Movement. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9780470724316.
- ^ Bell, Daniel (2003-04-16). Encyclopedia of International Games. McFarland. ISBN 9781476615271.
- ^ Linge, Idriss (March 21, 2012). "Jeux paralympiques: Préparation difficile pour les atlètes camerounais". Journal Du Cameroun (in French). Journal Du Cameroun. Archived from the original on 2017-01-28. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c «Олимпийские игры - Паралимпийские игры 2008 года: почему Камерун отсутствует» . Mboa.info (по -французски). Mboa.info. 9 сентября 2008 года. Архивировано с оригинала 4 августа 2014 года . Получено 7 октября 2016 года .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный «Атлетика - Паралимпийские игры 2008 года: сомнения в участии в Камеруне» . Mboa.info (по -французски). Mboa.info. 5 августа 2008 г. Получено 8 октября 2016 года . [ Постоянная мертвая ссылка ]
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый «Спорт для всех - Паралимпийские игры: Камерун отсутствует в Пекине» . Mboa.info (по -французски). Mboa.info. 9 сентября 2008 года. Архивировано с оригинала 19 октября 2016 года . Получено 7 октября 2016 года .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в «Спорт для всех - Паралимпийские игры 2008 года: Камерун отсутствует за беспорядки» . Mboa.info (по -французски). Mboa.info. 11 сентября 2008 года. Архивировано с оригинала 13 октября 2016 года . Получено 7 октября 2016 года .
- ^ Бих, Мулух Хильда; Соуэ, Эмилиен (апрель 2010 г.). «Руководители и досуг: Handsport в Камеруне» . Янус! (по -французски). Янус! Полем Получено 6 октября 2016 года .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый «Спорт для всех - Паралимпийские игры 2008 года: Камерун отсутствует за беспорядки» . Mboa.info (по -французски). Mboa.info. 11 сентября 2008 года. Архивировано с оригинала 13 октября 2016 года . Получено 7 октября 2016 года .