José Gabriel de Silva-Bazán, 10th Marquess of Santa Cruz

The Most Excellent José Gabriel de Silva-Bazán 10th Marquess of Santa Cruz GE
Prime Minister of Spain
In office 24 January 1822 – 30 January 1822
Monarch	Ferdinand VI
Preceded by	Ramón López Pelegrín
Succeeded by	Ramón López Pelegrín
Seat L of the Real Academia Española
In office 24 August 1814 – 4 November 1839
Preceded by	Vicente González Arnao
Succeeded by	Bernardino Fernández de Velasco
Director of the Real Academia Española
In office 24 August 1828 – 4 November 1839
Preceded by	José Miguel de Carvajal-Vargas
Succeeded by	Francisco Martínez de la Rosa
Personal details
Born	José Gabriel de Silva-Bazán y Waldstein (1782-03-18)18 March 1782
Died	4 November 1839(1839-11-04) (aged 57) Madrid, Spain
Nationality	Spanish

José Gabriel de Silva-Bazán y Waldstein, 10th Marquess of Santa Cruz de Mudela (18 March 1782, in Madrid – 4 November 1839, in Madrid), was a Spanish noble, first director of the Prado Museum between 1817 and 1820 and Mayordomo mayor between 1822 and 1823.

Biography

He was a descendant of Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquess of Santa Cruz, as eldest son of José Joaquín de Silva-Bazán (1734–1802), 9th Marquess of Santa Cruz and his second Austrian wife Mariana de Waldstein (1763–1807).

He was a senator, a Knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece (1821), the Order of Calatrava and the Order of Carlos III. He was also Gentilhombre, Mayordomo mayor and Sumiller de Corps of Ferdinand VII, member of the Regency Council during the childhood of Isabella II of Spain, Ambassador in París, special envoy to London for the coronation of George IV, and director of the Real Academia Española. He was even Prime Minister of Spain for 6 days in January 1822.

In 1817, he became the first director of the Prado Museum. Before the Peninsular War, his father had already convinced King Charles IV not to burn the obscene paintings in the Royal collection, as was the wish of the previous king, Charles III, but to store them in a private gallery. After the War, under impulse of Queen Maria Isabel of Braganza, the museum was created with José Gabriel de Silva-Bazán as its first director.

He was replaced as director by his brother-in-law Pedro de Alcántara Téllez-Girón, after the outbreak of the Liberal Triennium, but in the uncertain times following the death of King Ferdinand VII of Spain, he collaborated with the new director José Rafael de Silva Fernández de Híjar to keep the museum's collection together.

Marriage and children

He married in 1801 with Joaquina Téllez-Girón (1784–1851), daughter of Pedro Téllez-Girón, 9th Duke of Osuna and María Josefa Pimentel, 12th Countess-Duchess of Benavente and painted by Francisco Goya.
They had 4 children.

• Joaquina (1802–1876), married Pedro de Alcántara Álvarez de Toledo y Palafox, XVII Duque de Medina Sidonia (1803–1867)
• Inés (1806–1865), married Nicolás Osorio y Zayas, XVI Marqués de Alcañices and XV Duke of Alburquerque (1799–1866)
• Fernanda María (1808–1879), married Andrés Avelino de Arteaga Lazcano y Carvajal, VI Marqués de Valmediano (1807–1850),
• Francisco de Borja (1815–1889), 11th Marquess of Santa Cruz, with issue

Images by Francisco Goya

• 
  Mariana Waldstein, his mother (1797–1800)
• 
  The Duke of Osuna and his young family, his parents-in-law (1788)
• 
  The Marchioness of Santa Cruz, his wife (1805)

Sources

• Museo del Prado
• Medinaceli