Пути Толберт
Пути Толберт | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Рожденный | 1863 или 1870 |
| Умер | 24 апреля 1904 г. (в возрасте 34 лет) |
| Супруг | Люси Роуз Тернер (4 ребенка) |
| Полицейская карьера | |
| Страна | Соединенные Штаты |
| Department | U.S. Marshal |
| Service years | c. 1892 – 1904 |
| Rank | Deputy U.S. Marshal |
| Other work | Railroad agent |
Паден Толберт (ок. 1863 или 1870-24 апреля 1904 года) был американским сотрудником правоохранительных органов 19-го века и агентом по железной дороге. Он был одним из ведущих заместителей американских маршалов на территории Индии в течение 1880-х и 90-х годов и часто работал с другими известными законодателями своего времени, включая Бада Ледбеттера , Хек Томас и Билл Тилгман . Он и его брат Джон Толберт были оба заместителями маршалов под «подвесным судьей» Исааком С. Паркером . [ 1 ]
Один из многих молодых депутатов, впервые используемых судьей Паркером в окружных судах США в Форт -Смит и Маскоги , Толберт был частью легендарного поколения американских маршалов, в которые также включала Дж. Мершон , Айж Трейл , Хек Брунер , Сэм Шикиллер , Уэс Боуман и бас. Ривз . [ 2 ] Репутация мужества и преданности служению, маршал Лео Э. Беннетт заявил, что считал, что Толберт является «одним из самых смелых людей, которых он когда -либо имел в силе» . [ 3 ]
Толберт и Г.С. «Кэп» Уайт возглавляли отряд, который был отправлен из Форт -Смита, чтобы задержать Неда Кристи в третьей и последней попытке заставить его из его горной крепости. Осада длилась два дня и включала динамит и пушку, чтобы уничтожить укрытие; Это был единственный раз, когда сотрудники правоохранительных органов США использовали пушку. Толберту и Ледбеттеру также приписывают то, что он заправляется печально известным ограблением поездов 1894 года на Блэкстоун -переключателе, что привело к захвату Натаниэля "Техас Джек" Рид и его банды, а также захват банды Дженнингса в 1897 году.
As well as having the town of Paden, Oklahoma, named in his honor,[4] his family were the first to introduce Elberta peaches to Clarksville, Arkansas and for which the city remains famous.[5]
Biography
[edit]Early life
[edit]The eldest of eight children born to James Russell Tolbert and Elizabeth Miller, Paden Tolbert grew up in Griffin, Georgia, during Reconstruction. The Tolbert family had been well off prior to the American Civil War, his father James had graduated from the University of Georgia and studied law in Tennessee before becoming a journalist. His family lived in Macon and Atlanta during the war while his father reported for the Atlanta Constitution and afterwards tried his hand at farming in Pike County but was unsuccessful at it. In 1880, his father sold the family estate in Griffin and traveled by train to Clarksville, Arkansas where he became successful in growing peach trees and introducing the Elberta peach.
Tolbert became a schoolmaster in Johnson County for a time before pursuing a career as a law enforcement officer. He traveled to Fort Smith and, at age 22, became a deputy U.S. Marshal under "The Hanging Judge" Isaac C. Parker. Prior to this, he had married his childhood sweetheart Lucy Rose Turner and moved their family to the Indian Territory shortly after becoming a deputy marshal. His brother John would also become a deputy marshal at Fort Smith and the two would briefly work together. Another deputy he was partnered with was Bud Ledbetter who together hunted down many notorious outlaws in the Indian Territory.[6]
Siege of Ned's Fort Mountain
[edit]Tolbert and deputy marshal G. S. "Cap" White led the 16-man posse who rode after Ned Christie,[7] amongst whom were Heck Thomas, Bud Ledbetter and his brother John Tolbert, after Christie was charged with the murder of deputy marshal Daniel Maples. While the rest of the posse stocked up on extra weapons including rifles, revolvers and small-arms ammunition, Tolbert traveled over 250 miles to Coffeyville, Kansas and brought back a cannon that fired three-pound shells.[8][9]
On the morning of November 2, 1894, Tolbert and the rest of the posse surrounded the near impregnable wooden fortress known as the "Rabbit Trap" in the Going Snake District, a mountainous region of the Cherokee nation (near present-day Talequah, Oklahoma). Christie had successfully fought off previous attempts to apprehend him for well over a year before their arrival. After cannon fire and over 2,000 bullets fired at the double-tiered log fortification proved ineffective, it seemed that this would again be the case.
As night fell, Tolbert and the others set to work on building a portable barricade. Using the charred rear axle and wheels from the burned out lumber wagon used to assault the fort the previous month, they built and mounted a thick wall from scrap-oak timbers and loaded with rails. Finally, six sticks of dynamite was brought out and used to breach the fort's walls. Sometime near midnight, Tolbert helped push the wagon towards the cabin along with White, Charley Copeland, Bill Ellis and Bill Smith. While Christie and his partner attempted to fight off Paden's group from the second story gunports, the rest of the posse provided covering fire until the men were close enough to dynamite the south wall of the house. Although surviving the explosion, Christie made a run for the surrounding woods but was gunned down by Tolbert and others.[10]
Shootout with Texas Jack Reed
[edit]Two years later, Tolbert and several other U.S. Marshals were contacted by the American Express Company to request protection because they had received information of a suspected holdup from one of their agents in Dallas. On November 13, 1894, Tolbert and Ledbetter were aboard the express car along with Sid Johnson, Frank Jones and as many as three Pinkerton detectives. The train was moving at top speed when it was stopped by Nathaniel "Texas Jack" Reed and his gang. Although calling on the lawmen to get out of the express car, Tolbert and the others refused to surrender and instead began firing at them. The gunfight continued for over an hour and a half until one of Reed's men, Charley Belstead, was killed. Reed then ran towards the passenger car, carrying dynamite with him, and tried to blow the express car. Failing this, he instead held up the passenger car. Erroneously reported killed as he and his men made their getaway, Reed was nevertheless wounded by Ledbetter. The failure of this attack resulted in a manhunt for the fugitives and the eventual capture of Reed.[11]
Capture of the Jenning Gang and later life
[edit]In mid-July 1897, Tolbert and Ledbetter again rode together to bring in members of the Jennings Gang, brothers Alan and Frank Jennings. During their search, they learned that "Al Jennings and other parties ... who were going about in the Northern District of the Indian Territory under assumed names". Tolbert and Ledbetter were sent after them with a warrant for their robbery of a post office at Foyll in Cherokee territory. They stayed on their trail for some time before tracking them to the Spike S ranch and, along with several others, surrounded the hideout. After a brief gunfight, they chased them a distance of 60 miles before apprehending them together with Pat and Morris O'Malley.[12]
After a successful 12-year career, Tolbert retired and became a special officer for Fort Smith and Western Railroad. After only a few months, he became ill from congestion of the lungs and sent to Hot Springs, Arkansas, to recover.[6] However, his condition did not improve and he died in Weleetka, Oklahoma on April 24, 1904[3] and was buried in Oakland Cemetery near Clarksville, Arkansas four days later. Following his death, his widow was appointed honorary postmistress of Paden, a town in the Indian Territory named after her husband.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ "John and Paden Tolbert, deputy marshals". Fort Smith Historical Society. October 2007.
- ^ Burton, Art T. Black Gun, Silver Star: The Life And Legend of Frontier Marshal Bass Reeves. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2006. (p. 7) ISBN 0-8032-1338-7
- ^ Jump up to: a b "A Marshal Desperado: Paden Tolbert, Noted Desperado Catcher, Died at Weleetka; Officer With A Record Led in Capture of Jennings Gang and Assisted in the Wiping Out of Numerous Bands of Outlaws". Obituaries & Notices of Death of Lawmen. Oklahoma Lawmen Outlaw History Association. April 28, 1904.
- ^ Shirk, George H. Oklahoma Place Names. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987. (p. 182) ISBN 0-8061-2028-2
- ^ "The Man Who Blasted Ned Christie with a Cannon: Paden Tolbert". CircaBellum.com.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Flood, Evelyn (May 5, 2000). "Tolbert's Peaches, The Peden Tolbert Story". Ancestry.com.
- ^ Burton, Art T. Black Gun, Silver Star: The Life And Legend of Frontier Marshal Bass Reeves. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2006. (pp. 161, 155) ISBN 0-8032-1338-7
- ^ Harrington, Fred Harvey. Hanging Judge. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1996. (p. 76) ISBN 0-8061-2839-9
- ^ Croy, Homer. He Hanged Them High: An Authentic Account of the Fanatical Judge who Hanged Eighty-Eight Men. New York: Duel, Sloan & Pierce, 1952. (p. 115)
- ^ Neal, Bill. Encyclopedia of Western Gunfighters. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991. (p. 60) ISBN 0-8061-2335-4
- ^ Wilson, R. Michael. Great Train Robberies of the Old West. Guilford, Connecticut: Globe Pequot, 2007. (p. 95) ISBN 0-7627-4150-3
- ^ Ширли, Гленн. К западу от ада Fringe: преступность, преступники и федеральный мирный офицер на территории штата Оклахома, 1899-1907 . Норман: Университет Оклахома Пресс, 1978. (391-392, 408-409) ISBN 0-8061-2264-1
Дальнейшее чтение
[ редактировать ]- Драго, Гарри Синклер. Outlaws на лошадях: организованные группы грабителей банка и поездов, которые терроризировали Средний Запад в течение полувека . Нью -Йорк: Bramhall House, 1964.
- McKennon, CH Iron Men . Нью -Йорк: Doubleday & Co., 1967.
