Заповедник устойчивого развития Амана
| Заповедник устойчивого развития Амана | |
|---|---|
| Заповедник устойчивого развития Амана | |
IUCN Категория VI (охраняемая область с устойчивым использованием природных ресурсов) | |
  | |
| Location | Amazonas |
| Nearest city | Tefé, Amazonas |
| Coordinates | 2°24′11″S 64°26′49″W / 2.403°S 64.447°W |
| Area | 2,350,000 hectares (5,800,000 acres) |
| Designation | Sustainable development reserve |
| Created | 4 August 1998 |
Заповедник Амана Устойчивого развития ( Португальский : резерв устойчивого развития Амана ) является заповедником устойчивого развития в штате Амазонас , Бразилия.
Расположение
[ редактировать ]Заповедник устойчивого развития Амана (RDS) охватывает 2 350 000 гектаров (5 800 000 акров) в северо-центральной части Амазонки. [ 1 ] Он охватывает части муниципалитетов Мараы , Кодеджа , Барселос и Коари . [ 2 ] Это частично совпадает с национальным парком Jaú на востоке. [ 3 ] На севере RDS примыкает к экстрактивному заповеднику Rio Unini . На западе он ограничен рекой Япопара и заповедником устойчивого развития Мамирауа на другой стороне реки. [ 3 ]
Заповедник находится в районе среднего курса реки Солимес , недалеко от точки, где к нему присоединяется река Джапура, и находится примерно в 650 километрах (400 миль) к западу от Манауса . [ 4 ] It contains Amanã Lake, 45 by 3 kilometres (28.0 by 1.9 mi), the largest lake in the Amazon region.[5] The reserve connects the 1,124,000 hectares (2,780,000 acres) Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve to its south west with the 2,378,410 hectares (5,877,200 acres) Jaú National Park. The three form one of the largest contiguous areas of protected forest in the world.[1]
History
[edit]The Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve was created by decree 19.021 of 4 August 1998, and is administered by the Mamirauá Institute of Sustainable Development (Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá).[6] The conservation unit is supported by the Amazon Region Protected Areas Program.[7] Jaú National Park was inscribed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 2000.[8] It became part of the Central Amazon Ecological Corridor, established in 2002.[9] In 2003 the property was expanded by the addition of the Anavilhanas National Park, Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve and Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve to form the Central Amazon Conservation Complex, a larger World Heritage Site.[8] The park became part of the Lower Rio Negro Mosaic, created in 2010.[10]
Environment
[edit]Vegetation is mostly tall terra firma forest with areas of white water várzea and black water igapó flooded forest, and small areas of white sand forest or campinarana.[1] The reserve experiences seasonal flooding around the perimeter of the Amanã lake, but the flooded forest area is small compared to the areas of terra firma. In the lake region the change in water level is 9 to 10 metres (30 to 33 ft).[4]
The reserve is home to various rare or endangered species including the golden-backed uakari (Cacajao melanocephalus), Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis), Amazon river dolphin (Inia geoffrensis), bush dog (Speothos venaticus), short-eared dog (Atelocynus microtis), harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja) and the Arapaima fish. During the dry season the lake is home to relatively large populations of manatee. During the wet season the manatee migrate to várzea regions, mainly to Mamirauá. The undulated tinamou (Crypturellus undulatus)) follows the same pattern of migration.[5]
Primates found in the reserve include the mottle-faced tamarin (Saguinus inustus), squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus), tufted capuchin (Sapajus apella), white-fronted capuchin (Cebus albifrons), collared titi (Callicebus torquatus), Venezuelan red howler (Alouatta seniculus), golden-backed uakari (Cacajao melanocephalus) and Spix's night monkey (Aotus vociferans).[1]
People
[edit]The reserve was formed after the successful implementation of the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, and was fully supported by the local people. They already recognized the importance of preserving the vegetation and animals that they depend upon for their livelihood.[5] As of 2011 the reserve had a human population of 3,860 people in 648 households living in 80 locations in the reserve and six locations around the reserve. The people manage the reserve and engage in agriculture, hunting, fishing and logging.[4]
Notes
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Souza, Queiroz & Ayres 2004, p. 121.
- ^ RDS Amanã – ISA, Informações gerais.
- ^ Jump up to: a b RDS Amanã – ISA, Informações gerais (mapa).
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Carolina de Oliveira.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Luiz Claudio Marigo 1999.
- ^ RDS Amanã – ISA.
- ^ Full list: PAs supported by ARPA.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Central Amazon Conservation Complex – UNESCO.
- ^ CEC Central da Amazônia – ISA, Áreas relacionadas.
- ^ Thiago Mota Cardoso 2010.
Sources
[edit]- Carolina de Oliveira, Amanã Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (in Portuguese), Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, retrieved 2016-05-05
- CEC Central DA Amajônia (на португальском языке), ISA: социально-экологический институт , полученного 2016-10-17
- Central Amazon Conservation Complex , ЮНЕСКО , извлечен 2016-05-05
- Полный список: PAS поддерживает ARPA , ARPA , извлечен 2016-08-07
- Луис Клаудио Мариго (январь-февраль 1999 г.), «Амана-резерв устойчивого развития» , в (на португальском языке) (87), Рио-де-Жанейро, архивировав с оригинала 2021-05-16 , извлеченный 2016-05-05
- RDS Amanã (на португальском языке), ISA: социально-экологический институт , извлеченный 2016-05-05
- Соуза, Люсиан Л. де; Queiroz, Helder L.; Айрес, Хосе Марсио (декабрь 2004 г.), «ТАМАРИН, ПЕРЕВОДНЫЙ ТАМАРИН, САГУИНУС ИНУСТУС, в заповеднике Амана Устойчивого развития, Амазонас, Бразилия» , Неотропические приматы , 12 (3) , извлеченный 2016-05-05
- Thiago Mota Cardoso (2010), Свидетельство: Мозаика Бэйксо Рио Негро (на португальском языке), Ipe-Ipeestit of Ecological Research , извлеченный 2016-10-11
