Инцидент в Чичидзиме
Инцидент в Чичидзиме (также известный как инцидент в Огасаваре ) произошел в конце 1944 года. Японские солдаты убили восемь американских летчиков на острове Тичидзима , на островах Бонин , и разобрали четверых из них.
Инцидент
[ редактировать ]Девять американских пилотов сбежали из своих самолетов после того, как были сбиты во время бомбардировки Тичидзимы , крошечного острова в 700 милях (1100 км) к югу от Токио, в сентябре 1944 года. Восемь летчиков: Ллойд Вельхоф, Грейди Йорк, Джеймс «Джимми» Дай. Гленн Фрейзер-младший, Марвелл «Марв» Мершон, Флойд Холл, Уоррен Эрл Вон и Уоррен Хинденланг были схвачены и в конечном итоге казнены. Девятым и единственным, кто избежал ареста, был будущий президент США Джордж Буш-старший , также 20-летний пилот. [1]
После войны выяснилось, что пленных летчиков перед казнью избивали и пытали. Летчики были обезглавлены по приказу генерал-лейтенанта Ёсио Татибаны . [2] Затем японские офицеры съели части тел четырех мужчин. [3] [4]
Испытания
[ редактировать ]Tachibana, alongside 11 other Japanese personnel, were tried in August 1946 in relation to the execution of U.S. Navy airmen, and the cannibalism of at least one of them, during August 1944. Because military and international law did not specifically deal with cannibalism, they were tried for murder and "prevention of honorable burial".[5]: 86
This case was investigated in 1947 in a war crimes trial, and of the 30 Japanese soldiers prosecuted, four officers (including Lieutenant General Tachibana,[5][6] Major Matoba, and Captain Yoshii) were found guilty and hanged. All enlisted men and Probationary Medical Officer Tadashi Teraki were released within eight years.[6]
Vice Admiral Mori Kunizo, who commanded Chichi-Jima air base at the time of the incident, was of the belief that consumption of human liver had medical benefits. He was initially sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in the incident. However, after his subordinates were convicted of slaughtering prisoners during their time on the Southern Front, he was sentenced to death and subsequently hanged in a separate trial organized by the Netherlands for war crimes committed in the Dutch East Indies.[7]
Book
[edit]In the best-selling book Flyboys: A True Story of Courage, American author James Bradley details several instances of cannibalism of World War II Allied prisoners by their Japanese captors.[8] Bradley claims that this included not only ritual cannibalization of the livers of freshly killed prisoners, but also the cannibalization-for-sustenance of living prisoners over the course of several days, amputating limbs only as needed to keep the meat fresh.[9]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Laurence, Charles (October 26, 2003). "George Bush's comrades eaten by their Japanese PoW guards". The Telegraph. Retrieved November 15, 2014.
- ^ Felton, Mark (2010). The Final Betrayal: Mountbatten, MacArthur and the Tragedy of Japanese POWs. Pen & Sword Military. ISBN 978-1-84884-094-2.
- ^ "Torture, cannibalism and submarine rescues: George HW Bush's extraordinary WWII survival story". www.9news.com.au. December 4, 2018.
- ^ Iserson, Kenneth V. (2001). Death to Dust: What Happens to Dead Bodies?. Galen Press. ISBN 978-1-883620-22-6.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Case No. 21 Trial Of General Tomoyuki Yamashita[,] United States Military Commission, Manila, (8 October–7 December 1945), and the Supreme Court Of The United States (Judgments Delivered On 4 February 1946). Part VI. Archived from the original on December 8, 2006. Retrieved December 18, 2006.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Welch, Jeanie M. (2002). "Without a Hangman, Without a Rope: Navy War Crimes Trials After World War II" (PDF). International Journal of Naval History. 1 (1). Archived (PDF) from the original on June 14, 2007. Retrieved June 29, 2024.
- ^ "The Pacific War Online encyclopedia: Mori Kunizo". pwencycl.kgbudge.com. Retrieved August 18, 2021.
- ^ Bradley, James (2003). Flyboys: A True Story of Courage (1st ed.). Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0-316-10584-8.
- ^ Bradley, James (2004) [2003]. Flyboys: A True Story of Courage (1st ed.). Boston: Back Bay Books. pp. 229–230, 311, 404. ISBN 0-316-15943-3. Retrieved December 26, 2007.